PHOTOSYNTHESIS
6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Objectives:
Students will be able to:
1. Explain that white light is composed of multiple
colors.
Lesson 1: Objectives
2. Understand that different colors of light have
different wavelengths (λ) and different amounts of
energy (E).
3. List the colors of the visible light spectrum.
4. Identify which color of light has the most
energy/least energy.
The Energy of Light
Visible Light Spectrum
o Sunlight is composed of colors with different wavelengths
– ROY G BIV
– Inverse relationships
proof: E = hc/λ
E = energy
h = Planck’s constant,
c = speed of light
λ = wavelength
-Longer wl (red/orange) = low energy
-Shorter wl (violet/indigo) = greater energy
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Read pages 206-214
-Create an outline of the chapter &
write basic notes
-Be prepared for a drill based upon
your HW
Monday March 28, 2011: Drill
1) What materials come into the chloroplast that are
used in the light-dependent reactions?
2) What material comes into the chloroplast that is used
in the Calvin cycle?
3) What materials move out of the chloroplast from the
light-dependent reactions?
4) What materials move out of the chloroplast from the
Calvin cycle?
5) What materials move from the light-dependent
reactions to the Calvin cycle?
6) What materials move from the Calvin cycle back to the
light-dependent reactions
Monday March 28, 2011: Drill Answers
1) What materials come into the chloroplast that are
used in the light-dependent reactions? Light and water
2) What material comes into the chloroplast that is used
in the Calvin cycle? Carbon dioxide
3) What material moves out of the chloroplast from the
light-dependent reactions? oxygen
4) What material(s) move out of the chloroplast from the
Calvin cycle? Sugars
5) What materials move from the light-dependent
reactions to the Calvin cycle? NADPH and ATP
6) What materials move from the Calvin cycle back to the
light-dependent reactions? NADP+ and ADP + P
Objectives
Students will be able to:
1. Understand that light energy can be converted into
other forms of energy.
2. Explain the THREE options for light energy when it
meets an object.
3. Define pigment.
4. Identify THREE pigments found in plants and tell
which colors of light each pigment absorbs.
Absorbed
Transmitted
Reflected
Lab tomorrow : goggles & apron
Read laboratory packet
View pre-lab video on YouTube
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THqmpLd
UaBA&feature=related
"Electromagnetic Spectrum." 25 January 2010 <http://www.optics.arizona.edu/Nofziger/UNVR195a/Class12/EMspectrum1.gif>.
Ronk. "My Perpetual Motion Machine." 20 September 2009. Weekends in Paradelle. 27 January 2010
<http://paradelle.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/crookes_radiometer.jpg?w=210&h=273>.
"work." The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005. 26 Jan. 2010.
<Dictionary.com
Thursday March 31, 2011
Class:
-Review Quiz
-Discuss Lab Report (title page, introduction, procedure, biblio)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS lecture
HW:
Chromatography questions due Friday April 1, 2011
Chemistry Placement Exams Friday April 1, 2011
Lab Report Photosynthesis due Wednesday April 6, 2011
Photosynthesis
• Method of converting sun energy into chemical energy (organic
compounds-glucose) usable by cells
• In specialized structures of plant cells called chloroplasts
-Light absorbing pigment molecules e.g. chlorophyll
• Autotrophs: organisms capable of making their own food
– Photoautotrophs: use sun energy e.g. plants & photosynthesis
– Chemoautotrophs: use chemical energy e.g. bacteria that use
sulfide or methane chemosynthesis-makes organic compounds
from chemical energy contained in sulfide or methane
• 6CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2+ 6H2O
• Carbohydrate made is glucose
• H2O is split as a source of e- from hydrogen atoms
releasing O2 as a byproduct
• E- increase potential energy when moved from water
to sugar therefore energy is required
Light-dependent Reactions
Overview: light energy is absorbed by
chlorophyll molecules-this light energy
excites electrons and boosts them to
higher energy levels. They are trapped by
electron acceptor molecules that are
poised at the start of a neighboring
transport system. The electrons “fall” to a
lower energy state, releasing energy that is
harnessed to make ATP
Tuesday 4/5/2011
Drill
1) Which reaction occurs in the chloroplast?
2) What is the purpose of the stoma?
3) What is the product of the light-dependent
reaction?
4) Which electron carriers are generated and
move from the light dependent reactions
to the light-independent reactions?
Light-dependent Reactions
• Photosystem: light capturing unit, contains chlorophyll,
the light capturing pigment
• e- transport system: sequence of e- carrier molecules
that shuttle e-, energy released to make ATP
• e- in chlorophyll must be replaced so that cycle may
continue-these electrons come from water molecules,
oxygen is liberated from the light reactions
• Light reactions yield ATP and NADPH used to fuel the
reactions of the Calvin cycle (light independent or dark
reactions)
Calvin Cycle
aka Light-Independent Reaction/Dark Reaction
ATP and NADPH generated in light reactions
fuel the reactions to break apart CO2 &
reassemble the carbons into C6H12O6
Carbon fixation: taking C from an inorganic
molecule (atmospheric CO2) to produce an
organic molecule (C6H12O6)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS ANIMATION
photosynthesis animation
• http://www.ftexploring.com/me/photosyn1.html
True/False
Photosystem II follows Photosystem I
True/ False
Chlorophyll absorbs green wavelengths
and carotene reflects them
True/False
NADPH and ATP are generated during the
light-dependent reactions and used in the
dark reactions
True/False
The Calvin cycle cannot take place in
the path of sunlight
True/False
The stoma is the exit/entry point into the leaf
and the stroma is the site of the lightindependent reaction
True/False
I DON’T HAVE A CLUE WHAT’S GOING ON
WITH ALL THE CONVERTED FORMS OF
ENERGY FROM SUNLIGHT!!!
Small groups of students should each place a
sprig of elodea (an underwater plant often
used in household aquariums) into a test tube.
Cut the stem of the plant at an angle so that
students can see the cross-section of the stem.
Add a pinch of baking soda to the test tube,
then place the tube into a beaker filled with
water. Finally, place the whole assembly under
a heat lamp. Within 10 minutes, students will
start to see bubbles rising from the end of the
stem; the plant is producing oxygen, indicating
photosynthes
Read more: Photosynthesis Activities for High
School | eHow.com
http://www.ehow.com/list_6063372_photosyn
thesis-activities-highschool.html#ixzz1nAtNjusb