Training for the New Georgia
Performance Standards
Day 1: Standards-Based Education and the
New GPS
1
Module Overview: Day One
 Prework (already completed)
 Introduction (0:30)
 Overview of the Standards (2:30)
 Standards-Based Teaching and Learning (1:50)
 Putting It All Together (1:40)
 Summary and Field Assignments (0:30)
Curriculum
Mapping
Understanding
Teamwork
New
Standards
Enrichment &
Extension
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Assessment
Instruction
2
Goal (for 8 day series)
 Demonstrate a deep understanding of the new
Georgia Performance Standards and the
standards-based education approach, through
thoughtful curriculum planning, development of
formative and summative assessments, and the
design of instruction matched to the standards and
research-based best practices. This shall be
measured by student performance on progress
monitoring and standardized criterion-referenced
tests.
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Group Norms and Housekeeping
Group Norms:
 Ask questions
 Work toward solutions
 Honor confidentiality
 Meet commitments or
let others know if you
are struggling to do so
Housekeeping:
 Phone calls
 Rest rooms
 Breaks
 Lunch
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What We Know/What We Want to Know
1. Label each flipchart with a title:
– What We Know
– What We Want to Know
2. On scratch paper, list as many items as you can
under each category.
3. Combine items that might go together under “What
We Know” and put the most relevant ones on the
flipchart.
4. Prioritize items under “What We Want to Know” and
write the top priorities on the flipchart.
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Essential Question 1
 What are the Georgia Performance Standards?
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Phase-in Plan
Grade
Year I
ELA
Year II
ELA
Year I
Math
Year II
Math
Year I
Science
Year II
Science
Year I
Soc.
Studies
Year II
Soc.
Studies
K
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
04-05
04-05
04-05
04-05
04-05
04-05
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04-05
04-05
04-05
04-05
04-05
04-05
05-06
05-06
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05-06
05-06
05-06
05-06
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05-06
05-06
05-06
05-06
06-07
06-07
06-07
04-05
05-06
06-07
07-08
07-08
07-08
07-08
06-07
06-07
06-07
07-08
07-08
07-08
05-06
06-07
07-08
08-09
08-09
08-09
08-09
06-07
06-07
06-07
05-06
05-06
05-06
04-05
04-05
06-07
04-05
04-05
04-05
04-05
07-08
07-08
07-08
06-07
06-07
06-07
05-06
05-06
07-08
05-06
05-06
05-06
05-06
07-08
07-08
07-08
07-08
07-08
07-08
06-07
07-08
06-07
06-07
06-07
06-07
06-07
08-09
08-09
08-09
08-09
08-09
08-09
07-08
08-09
07-08
07-08
07-08
07-08
07-08
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Test Alignment
 Criterion-Referenced Competency Tests (CRCT) and
End of Course Test (EOCT)
– Test alignment is completed during Year II
implementation for each content area and grade
level.
 High School Graduation Test (GHSGT and GHSGT
Enhanced)
– Test alignment is completed during the third year
following Year II implementation for each content
area and grade level.
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Middle School Assessment Timeline
 2004-2005 School year: All middle school
science CRCT will assess the QCC.
 2005-2006 School year: Middle school
science CRCT will assess the GPS in sixth
and seventh grade.
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CRCT Assessment
 Content switch from the QCC to the GPS will happen
in Year II implementation schedule.
– Sixth grades will be tested over GPS Earth Science
content 2005-2006.
– Seventh grade will be tested over GPS Life Science
content 2005-2006.
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High School Assessment Timeline
 2004-2005 School year: All high school
science tests will assess the QCC.
 2005-2006 School year: All science EOCT
will assess the GPS.
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Benefits of the GPS
 High expectations for all students
 Aligned to national standards
 Increased rigor and depth
 Guides for teaching and learning
 Assessment and accountability aligned to curriculum
 Scaffold, not spiral
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Alignment to National Standards
 All of the Georgia Performance Standards are aligned
to the American Association for the Advancement of
Science document, Benchmarks for Scientific Literacy.
 The GPS is also aligned to the National Science
Education Standards developed by the National
Research Council.
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Performance Standards. . .






Are:
Georgia Performance
Standards (GPS)
What students are to learn,
know, and understand
Clear expectations of
performance
Curriculum document
Few in number
Application of content
Are Not:
 New Quality Core Curriculum
(QCC)
 How teachers are to teach
 Comprehensive school
reform
 Instructional handbook
 Checklist of objectives
 Coverage of content
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Common Misconceptions
1. The CRCT and the EOCT will continue with QCC objectives even
when we change to Georgia Performance Standards. The test
won’t match. (The tests will be written to the GPS at the
element level.)
2. The students will have to make all of the charts, graphs, and
tables. We can’t use the ones from other resources because of
the Characteristics of Science. (The goal is to have students
understand the application and interpretation of charts, graphs,
and tables. The more they are involved in the process of
collecting, organizing, and analyzing data, the better they will
understand how and why graphical representations are used.)
3. We are no longer teaching specific units. (Unit design will
change. The units will focus on themes or big ideas instead of
activities and worksheets.)
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Common Misconceptions (continued)
4.
The curriculum is the instruction model. (The curriculum does
5.
We need to teach a unit on the Characteristics of Science
(Processes and skills) before we teach the science content.
not tell the teacher how to instruct. It tells the teacher what
every student should know and be able to do.)
(You can’t teach one without the other. The Characteristics of
Science should be the process and rationale used to teach the
content. Characteristics of Science will be assessed through
content.)
6.
The textbooks don’t match the Georgia Performance
Standards. (The science hasn’t changed. The method of
instruction has improved. Textbooks are only one resource.)
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Common Misconceptions (continued)
7. The Georgia Performance Standards are the same as the QCC
just repackaged. (The perspective of how to instruct has
changed. The science has not changed.)
8. We left out the good stuff/ my favorite unit. (Unit design may
change, but labs/activities that students can use to connect
content to understanding are still important.)
9. The Georgia Performance Standards are not as specific. (For
(The GPS do not limit
instruction. They explain what every student should know and
be able to do. How the teacher develops that springboard to
understanding for the student is different. The process of using
tools in science is emphasized not the tools themselves.)
example classification; mirrors)
10. We cannot teach the human body in Biology…ever.
(Comparative biology focuses on comparing all organisms, not
just the human body in isolation.)
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Common Misconceptions (continued)
11. We have to prioritize/interpret the Georgia Performance
Standards. (The GPS are essential for all students. There will
be differentiation guides in science for instructing different
levels.)
12. We teach only the standards and elements, not what we used
to teach. (The GPS do not limit the instruction, they detail
what every student should know and be able to do. The
journey to that understanding is developed by the instruction.)
13. It is prescriptive and restrictive. Everyone must teach the same
tasks and they will be tested. (The tasks are suggested and not
inclusive. The tests will be written at the element level.)
14. We need a state pacing guide. (Because of the logistics of
sharing equipment and labs, the GPS will not guide teachers on
when to teach the standards. That will be left up to the
individual.)
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Performance Standards
Four parts to Performance Standards:
Content Standard & Elements
Sample Tasks
Student Work
Teacher Commentary
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Format of Curriculum
 Curriculum Descriptions from Project 2061’s




Benchmarks for Science Literacy
Grade Level Introduction
Concepts and Skills Text Box
Characteristics of Science Standards
Content Standards
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How to Read the GPS code
 Characteristics of Science Standards
S8CS2
Science Grade 8 Characteristics of Science Standard #2
SCSh8
Science Characteristics of Science high school Standard #8
 Content Standards
S8P3
– Science Grade 8 Physical Science Standard #3
S6E2
– Science Grade 6 Earth Science Standard #2
S7L4
– Science Grade 7 Life Science Standard #4
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Standards and Elements
 Overall Standard is in bold print. It sets the
parameters of the standard.
 Elements are listed under the standard. This is
the level where the expectations for
understanding are set.
 It explains what the student should know and
do to show if the student understands.
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Content Standards
SC4. Students will use the organization of the
Periodic Table to predict properties of
elements.
a. Use the Periodic Table to predict periodic
trends including atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization
energy, and electronegativity of various elements.
b. Compare and contrast trends in the chemical
and physical properties of elements and their
placement on the Periodic Table.
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Co-Requisites
 You can’t teach one without the other!
– Characteristics and Nature of Science Standards
• Processes and skills
• Items from the Characteristics of Science Standards will
be embedded in content.
– Content Standards
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Lesson Planner
Unit
#
SCSh1 a
Curiosity,
honesty,
openness,
skepticism
SCSh1 b
Different
explanations
SCSh1 c
Design and
execution of
new
experiments
SCSh2 a
Use of
scientific
apparatus
SCSh2 b
Appropriate
techniques
in all
laboratory
situations
SCSh2 c
Safety
problems
and
violations
SB1a
Cell organelles
SB1b Enzymes
SB1c major
macromolecules
SB2a DNA & RNA
SB2b DNA storing
info
SB2c Reproductive
variability
SB2d New traits
SB2e Sexual vs.
asexual
SB2f
DNA technology
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Middle School Characteristics of
Science Example
S6CS5. Students will use the ideas of system, model,
change, and scale in exploring scientific and
technological matters.
a. Observe and explain how parts are related to other parts in
systems such as weather systems, solar systems, and
ocean systems including how the output from one part of a
system (in the form of material, energy, or information) can
become the input to other parts. (For example: El Nino’s
effect on weather)
b. Identify several different models (such as physical replicas,
pictures, and analogies) that could be used to represent the
same thing, and evaluate their usefulness, taking into
account such things as the model’s purpose and complexity.
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Middle School Content Example
S6E3. Students will recognize the significant role
of water in earth processes.
a. Explain that a large portion of the Earth’s surface
is water, consisting of oceans, rivers, lakes,
underground water, and ice.
b. Describe the composition, location, and
subsurface topography of the world’s oceans.
c. Explain the causes of waves, currents, and tides.
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High School Characteristics of Science
Example
SCSh7. Students will analyze how scientific knowledge is
developed.
Students recognize that:
a. The universe is a vast single system in which the basic principles
are the same everywhere.
b. Universal principles are discovered through observation and
experimental verification.
c. From time to time, major shifts occur in the scientific view of how
the world works. More often, however, the changes that take
place in the body of scientific knowledge are small modifications of
prior knowledge. Major shifts in scientific views typically occur
after the observation of a new phenomenon or an insightful
interpretation of existing data by an individual or research group.
d. Hypotheses often cause scientists to develop new experiments
that produce additional data.
e. Testing, revising, and occasionally rejecting new and old theories
never ends.
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High School Content Example
SC6. Students will understand the effects of
motion of atoms and molecules in chemical
and physical processes.
a. Compare and contrast atomic/molecular motion
in solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas.
b. Collect data and calculate the amount of heat
given off or taken in by chemical or physical
processes.
c. Analyzing (both conceptually and quantitatively)
flow of energy during change of state (phase).
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Middle School Life Science QCC/GPS
Comparisons
QCC
13.Explains the method
scientists use to classify
living things for the
purpose of
communication and
study.
13.1 Explains how living
organisms can be classified
according to similarities in
structure, behavior, food
needs and chemical make up
into kingdoms, phyla,
classes, orders, families,
genera, and species.
GPS
S7L1. Investigate the
diversity of living
organisms and how they
can be compared
scientifically.
b. Classify organisms
based on a six-kingdom
system and a
dichotomous key.
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Biology QCC/GPS Comparisons
QCC
4. Explains the cellular basis of
life.
4.1 Distinguishes between living
and nonliving things (e.g.,
characteristics of living things).
4.2 States the cell theory.
4.3 Differentiates between
prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
4.4 Identifies common cell
organelles and describe the
function of each (e.g., diagrams
and microscopic examinations).
4.5 Distinguishes between
unicellular and multicellular
organisms.
GPS
SB4. Students will analyze the
nature of the relationships
between structures and
functions in living cells.
a. Explain the role of cell
organelles for both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells, including the cell
membrane, in maintaining
homeostasis and cell reproduction.
b. Explain how enzymes function
as catalysts.
c. Identify the function of the four
major macromolecules (i.e.,
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids,
nucleic acids).
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Physical Science QCC/GPS Comparisons
QCC
9. Applies the law of definite
proportions to predict mole
quantities of chemicals that
combine.
9.1 Predicts whether two elements
will chemically combine based
on their position in the periodic
chart.
9.2 Applies rules for writing
formulas of simple chemical
compounds.
9.3 Applies rules for naming simple
chemical compounds.
9.4 Classifies compounds as ionic
or covalent.
GPS
SPS2. Students will explore
the nature of matter, its
classifications, and its
system for naming types of
matter.
a. Predict formulas for stable
binary ionic compounds based
on balance of charges.
b. Use IUPAC nomenclature for
transition between chemical
names and chemical formulas of
– binary ionic compounds
(containing representative
elements).
– binary covalent compounds
(i.e. carbon dioxide, carbon
tetrachloride).
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Vertical Alignment
 Small group activity
 Choose a topic:
– Classification
– Energy
– Matter
– Other
 Choose a grade span (K-2, 3-5, 6-12)
 Investigate scaffolding of K-12 standards
 Report findings to large group
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Scaffold versus Spiral
Using classification as an example:
SKL1. Students will sort living organisms and non-living
materials into groups by observable physical attributes.
a. Recognize the difference between living organisms and
nonliving materials.
b. Group animals according to their observable features such as
appearance, size, motion, where it lives, etc. (Example: A green
frog has four legs and hops. A rabbit
also hops.)
c. Group plants according to their observable features such as
appearance, size, etc.
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Scaffold versus Spiral
Using classification as an example
S5L1. Students will classify organisms into
groups and relate how they determined the
groups with how and why scientists use
classification.
a. Demonstrate how animals are sorted into groups
(vertebrate and invertebrate) and how vertebrates
are sorted into groups (fish, amphibian, reptile, bird,
and mammal).
b. Demonstrate how plants are sorted into groups.
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Scaffold versus Spiral
Using classification as an example
S7L1. Students will investigate the diversity of
living organisms and how they can be
compared scientifically.
a. Demonstrate the process for the development of a
dichotomous key.
b. Classify organisms based on a six-kingdom system
and a dichotomous key.
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Scaffold versus Spiral
Using classification as an example
SB3. Students will derive the relationship
between single-celled and multi-celled
organisms and the increasing complexity of
systems.
a. Relate the complexity and organization of
organisms to their ability for obtaining, transforming,
transporting, releasing, and eliminating the matter
and energy used to
sustain the organism.
b. Examine the evolutionary basis of modern
classification systems. (Six kingdoms)
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Middle School Plan
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
6th Grade
Physical
Science
(QCC)
Earth
Science
(GPS)
Earth
Science
(GPS)
Earth
Science
(GPS)
7th Grade
Life Science
(QCC)
Life Science
(GPS)
Life Science
(GPS)
Life Science
(GPS)
8th Grade
Earth
Science
(QCC)
Earth
Science
Earth
Science
Physical
Science
(GPS)
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Implementation of Georgia Performance
Standards –Year II
 Sixth Grade– GPS Earth Science (2005-2006)
 Seventh Grade– GPS Life Science (2005-2006)
 Eighth Grade– GPS Physical Science (2007-2008)
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High School Courses
 Four High School Courses developed to date
– Biology
– Physical Science
– Chemistry
– Physics
 Three more high school courses to be developed
– Earth Systems
– Environmental Science
– Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Examining a Standard
 Work in small groups.
 Select a standard
 Discuss an activity/lesson/unit you could use to teach
the standard.
 Identify all other standards that are addressed in the
same activity/lesson/unit.
 Share with whole group.
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Essential Question 1
 What are the Georgia Performance Standards?
What squares
with my
thinking?
What’s
still
rolling
around in
my mind? What do
I need
to
change?
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Essential Question 2
 How is the unit design process used in standards-
based teaching and learning?
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Standards Based Education
Definition:
“To begin with the end in mind means to start
with a clear understanding of your destination.
It means to know where you’re going so that
you better understand where you are now so
that the steps you take are always in the right
direction.” --Stephen R. Covey, The Seven
Habits of Highly Effective People
Examples:
Big Ideas for Concept Attainment
1.Identify desired results first.
2.Determine acceptable evidence.
3.Plan learning experiences.
Enduring understandings
Essential questions
Enabling knowledge objectives
Constructing meaning
Unpacking standards
What It Is:
Standards Based Education synthesizes
research-based best practices in curriculum,
assessment, and instruction.
SBE provides educators with the means to
describe and analyze the best ways to
promote student understanding rather than
just knowledge and recall and with the
performance criteria for assessing that
understanding.
What It Isn’t:
A program
One more thing to do
The flavor of the month
“Covering” a list of topics
Teaching little packets of information
An isolated unit
Knowing and doing without understanding
A different way of teaching and assessing
Portfolios
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Standards-Based Education
 Focus on student learning
 Expectations are the same for all students
 Standards are expressed through essential questions
and supporting skills and knowledge
 Assessments are used to guide and modify
instruction
 The effectiveness of instruction is judged on whether
students meet the standard
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Standards-Based Education, cont.
 Curriculum maps are aligned to the standards
 Instructional strategies provide opportunities for
students to learn expectations outlined in the
standards
 Student interests, previous achievements, and
developmental levels are considered in planning
instructional methods
 Teachers work on building enduring understandings
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Standards Based Education Model
Stage 1
Identify Desired Results
GPS
(one or more)
Standards
(Big Ideas) Enduring Understandings 
Essential Questions 
Above, plus
Elements
Skills and Knowledge
All above, plus
Tasks
Student Work
Teacher
Commentary
All above
Stage 2
Determine Acceptable Evidence
(Design Balanced Assessments)
(To assess student progress toward desired results)
Stage 3
Plan Learning Experiences and Instruction
(to support student success on assessments,
leading to desired results)
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Unpacking a Standard: Middle School
Earth Science
S6E3. Students will recognize the significant role
of water in earth processes.
a. Explain that a large portion of the Earth’s surface is
water, consisting of oceans, rivers, lakes,
underground water, and ice.
b. Describe the composition, location, and subsurface
topography of the world’s oceans.
c. Explain the causes of waves, currents, and tides.
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Unpacking a Standard: Middle School
Life Science
S7L4. Students will examine the dependence of organisms
on one another and their environments.
a. Demonstrate in a food web that matter is transferred from one
organism to another and can recycle between organisms and
their environments.
b. Explain in a food web that sunlight is the source of energy and
that this energy moves from organism to organism.
c. Recognize that changes in environmental conditions can affect
the survival of both individuals and entire species.
d. Categorize relationships between organisms that are
competitive or mutually beneficial.
e. Describe the characteristics of Earth’s major terrestrial biomes
(i.e. tropical rain forest, savannah, temperate, desert, taiga,
tundra, and mountain) and aquatic communities (i.e.
freshwater, estuaries, and marine).
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Unpacking a Standard: High School Life
Science (Biology)
SB2. Students will analyze how biological traits
are passed on to successive generations.
b. Explain the role of DNA in storing and
transmitting cellular information.
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Unpacking a Standard: High School
Physical Science
SPS9. Students will investigate the properties of waves.
a. Recognize that all waves transfer energy.
b. Relate frequency and wavelength to the energy of different
types of electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves.
c. Compare and contrast the characteristics of
electromagnetic and mechanical (sound) waves.
d. Investigate the phenomena of reflection, refraction,
interference, and diffraction.
e. Relate the speed of sound to different mediums.
f.
Explain the Doppler Effect in terms of everyday
interactions.
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Essential Question 2
 How is the backward design process used in
standards-based teaching and learning?
What squares
with my
thinking?
What’s
still
rolling
around in
my mind? What do
I need
to
change?
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Unit Design
 Design with the goal in mind
 Integration of Co-Requisites
 Unpacking the Standards
 Process of Unit Design
–
–
–
–
Big Ideas
Enduring Understanding
Essential Questions
Evidence of understanding
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8 Days of Training
 Implementation Year One
– Day One: Get familiar with the standards
– Days Two - Five: Work on best practices in
assessment, instruction, and curriculum mapping
 Implementation Year Two
– Three additional days of training to work on
extension and enrichment
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Sample Tips and Tools
 Page 62: Three stages
 Page 69: Big Ideas
 Page 70: How big ideas fit into the three-stage
process
 Page 71: Organizer to help “uncover” big ideas
 Page 82: Organizer to break down big ideas into
essential questions and understandings
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Sample Tips and Tools
 Page 91-92: Guidelines for developing essential




questions
Pages 114-118: Worksheets and tip sheets deal for
“understandings”
Page 119 : Developing skill and knowledge
statements
Pages 120-129, 133: Templates and samples
Abbreviations: (G=goal/standard, U=understandings,
Q=essential questions, K=knowledge, and S=skills)
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