Español III
el 18
de diciembre
2014
Tarea is located at the bottom of the
page
Los examenes de Capítulo se acaban
Test-Capítulo 3B el 19 de diciembre
2014 mañana
México, historia de méxico en breve y
En busca de la verdad
el 15 de diciembre 2014
Realidades 3B
META
1. Vocabulario del CENTRO
2. Palabras importantes
3. El Presente Progresivo
4. Mandato- Tú Affirmativo Regulares e irregulare
5. La Lección
a. A Primera Vista páginas 158-159
b. Manos a la obra
página 162 Las Glorietas
Actividad 12 ¡A Lavar! Página 138.
c. Direct Object Pronouns página 166
d. Actividad 12 TAREDE OTRA VEZ
e. Irregular Tú form commands página 168
Los consejos de una amiga Actividad 16
f.
Repasos y verbos usados por hacer la actividad
5. ¿Comprendiste? Página 161
Realidades 2
Remember- Test on material covered this week, Friday or
Monday
Capítulo 3B
el Camión
la avenida
el semáforo
la plaza
zocalo in México
fuente
el tráfico
la estatua
la señal de parada
peatón
peatonál
el cruce de la calle
el puente
estrecho estrecha
ancho
ancha
rápido
despacio
círculos
glorietas
esquina
una cuadra
manzana
cruzar
doblar
sigue adelante
sigue derecho
manejar
Conducir
Guiar
ten cuidado
Cuidar
permiso de manejar
poner una multa
peligroso
pasar por
quitar
QUITARSE
carretera
Direct Object Pronouns
otra vez
Me te lo la le
nos os los las
Affirmative informal
(tú) commands
Regular
Tú commands are the singular form of informal commands. To
tell a friend, family member, classmate, child, or pet to do
something, use the affirmative tú command. To tell one of
those same people not to do something, use the negative tú
command. This article covers the affirmative informal
command (informal imperative) in all its forms.


Compra (tú) los libros. (Buy the books.) – affirmative
No camines (tú) en el césped. (Don’t walk on the grass.) –
negative
Affirmative Informal
Tú Command Forms
For the familiar affirmative TÚ
commands, you will simply use the 3rd
person singular form of the present
indicative.
-AR verbs: Add the 3rd person singular ending –a to the stem

(Comprar) Compra la camisa. (Buy the shirt.)
-ER verbs: Add the 3rd person singular ending –e to the stem

(Aprender) ¡Aprende español! (Learn Spanish!)
-IR verbs: Add the 3rd person singular ending –e to the stem

(Escribir) ¡Escribe el ensayo! (Write the essay!)
For verbs with stem changes or spelling changes in the present
tense, the stem or spelling change still applies.



(Cerrar) Cierra la puerta. (7loset he door.)
(Mover) Mueve esas sillas. (Move those chairs.)
(Incluir) Incluye tu información aquí. (Include your
information here.)
Irregular Affirmative
Informal Tú Commands
All irregular 3rd person singular present indicative verbs keep
that same irregularity in the affirmative informal command
except the following 8 verbs which have a special irregular form
in the affirmative command.
Decir Di salir sal
hacer haz ser
ir
sé
ve tener ten
poner pon venir ven
¡Ven acá!
Come here!
¡ Véte! Get out
La tarea? Házla ahora!
Be good! ¡Sé bueno!
¡Díme! Tell me!
¡Sal! Leave!
Pronoun Placement with Commands
Pronoun placement:
the pronoun is attached to
the end of affirmative commands and the
verb carries a tilde to maintain its
original stress.
¡Háblame!
Punctuation to the Rescue!
Because the informal tú command (imperative) is the same
conjugation form as the 3rd person singular, it is helpful to
include exclamation points to indicate urgency or the name of
the person you are commanding followed by a comma. Without
the comma, your sentence is just the 3rd person singular present
indicative. Compare the following sentences written with
different punctuation:
• Compra la camisa. (She buys the shirt.) - present indicative
• ¡Compra la camisa! (Buy the shirt!) - informal imperative
• Alicia compra la camisa. (Alicia buys the shirt.) - present
indicative
• Alicia, compra la camisa. (Alicia, buy the shirt.) - informal
imperative
Present Progressive
Tense
Present Progressive
The present progressive is formed by combining the verb "to be"
with the present participle. (The present participle is merely the
"-ing" form of a verb.)
I am studying.
I am studying with María.
In English, present progressive can be used to describe what is
happening now, or what will happen in the future.
I am studying now.
I am studying with María tonight.
In Spanish, the present progressive is only used to describe an
action that is in the process of taking place. It is not used for
future actions.
I am studying now.
(use present progressive)
I am studying with María tonight.
(do not use present progressive)
To form the present progressive in Spanish, combine a form of
"estar" with the present participle.
Estoy hablando.
I am speaking.
Juan está comiendo.
John is eating.
María está escribiendo una carta.
Mary is writing a letter.
In order to form the present progressive, you
must know how to conjugate the verb estar, and
how to form the present participle. You already
know how to conjugate the verb estar:
estar
estoy
estás
está
estamos
estáis
están
To form the present participle of regular -ar
verbs, add -ando to the stem of the verb.
hablar: hablando
(hablar - ar + ando)
trabajar: trabajando
(trabajar - ar + ando)
estudiar: estudiando
(estudiar - ar + ando
To form the present participle of regular -er and -ir verbs, add iendo to the stem of the verb.
comer: comiendo
(comer - er + iendo)
hacer: haciendo
(hacer - er + iendo)
vivir: viviendo
(vivir - ir + iendo)
escribir: escribiendo
(escribir - ir + iendo)
To form the present participle of -ir stem changing verbs,
change e:i and o:u in the stem, and then add -iendo to the stem
of the verb.
servir: sirviendo
pedir: pidiendo
decir: diciendo
dormir: durmiendo
morir: muriendo
poder: pudiendo
Sometimes when forming the present participle it is necessary to
change the spelling of a word so that it agrees with the way it is
pronounced. We call this an "orthographic" change. Here are
some common examples:
caer: cayendo
creer: creyendo
huir: huyendo
ir: yendo
influir: influyendo
oír: oyendo
traer: trayendo
leer: leyendo
seguir: siguiendo
The following examples illustrate the rules for forming the
present participle.
hablar: hablando (-ar)
comer: comiendo (-er)
vivir: viviendo (-ir)
decir: diciendo (e:i)
dormir: durmiendo (o:u)
leer: leyendo (orthographic)
seguir: siguiendo (orthographic)
To form the present progressive, simply conjugate the verb estar
to agree with the subject of the sentence, and follow it with the
present participle.
Juan está comiendo pan.
John is eating bread.
María y Carmen están hablando con nosotros.
Mary and Carmen are speaking with us.
Remember, only use the present progressive for actions that are
"in progress." Compare the uses of the present indicative with
the uses of the present progressive.
Estudio español. (Present Indicative)
I study Spanish.
I am studying Spanish (these days).
I do study Spanish.
Estoy estudiando español. (Present Progressive)
I am studying (right now, at this moment) Spanish.
It is important to remember that you would never use the
present progressive to say something like "We are going to
Spain this summer." Use present progressive only for actions
that are "in progress."
Spanish Present Progressive ~ Present
Continuous
The Spanish present progressive, or present continuous,
is very similar to its English counterpart (to be + -ing). In
both languages, the present progressive expresses an inprogress action, with an emphasis on its current,
temporary aspect.
No estamos mirando la
televisión.
We're not watching
television.
Estoy trabajando; no puedo I'm working; I can't go out.
salir.
¿Por qué no estás haciendo Why aren't you paying
caso del profesor?
attention to the teacher?
In English, the present progressive can also be used for
something that will happen in the future. Not so in
Spanish. This use of the English present progressive is
expressed in Spanish with the simple present, future, or
near future.
I'm going to the
bank later.
Voy
Iré
} al banco más tarde.
Voy a ir
He's leaving
tomorrow.
Sale
Saldrá
} mañana.
Va a salir
MORE REVIEW OF THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
The Spanish
present progressive is usually
formed with the present tense of estar + gerund of the
action verb.
Estoy leyendo
I am reading
Estás hablando
You are speaking
Está llorando
He is crying
There are five other verbs which can replace estar and
add a different nuance to the present progressive:
andar to be (in the process of) doing something
Anda buscando sus llaves. He's looking for his
keys.
ir
to start/be gradually doing something
Voy comprendiendo la
verdad.
I'm starting to
understand the truth.
llevar to have been doing something (English present
perfect progressive)
Llevo dos años trabajando I've been working here
aquí.
for two years.
seguir to go on/keep/continue doing something
Sigue lloviendo.
It's still raining.
venir to have been doing something (English present
perfect progressive)
Es lo que vengo diciendo. That's what I've been
saying.
1. En busca de la verdad
Review the historia breve de México
Capítulo 3A y
En Busca de la verdad
Capítulo 3A ¿Qué hiciste ayer?
Parte II de esta intensa lección consta de
examinar los detalles de EN BUSCA DE LA
VERDAD...
consta de la cultura y la historia de México en
breve para comprender esta grande novela.
Un Conocimiento de la historia de México es
importante para comprender lo que pasa con
los carácteres de la novela.
Así es que se presenta la historia de México en
breve
La Historia de México
en breve
El Periodo de Los Indiginas
1519
Before the Spanish arrival in
, Mexico was
occupied by a large number of Indian groups with very
different social and economic systems. In general the
tribes in the arid north were relatively small groups of
hunters and gatherers who roamed extensive areas of
sparsely vegetated deserts and steppes. These people
are often referred to as Chichimecs, though they were a
mixture of several linguistically distinctive cultural groups.
In the rest of the country the natives were agriculturalists,
which allowed the support of dense populations. Among
these were the Maya of the Yucatan, Totonac, Huastec,
Otomi, Mixtecs, Zapotecs, Tlaxcalans, Tarascans, and
Aztecs. A number of these groups developed high
civilizations with elaborate urban centers used for
religious, political, and commercial purposes. The Mayan
cities of Chichen Itza, Uxmal, and Palenque, the Aztec
capital of Tenochtitlan, Tzintzuntzan of the Tarastec, and
Monte Alban of the Zapotecs are examples.
By AD 1100 the Toltecs had conquered much of central
and southern Mexico and had established their capital at
Tula in the Mesa Central. They also built the city of
Teotihuacan near present-day Mexico City. At about the
same time, the Zapotecs controlled the Oaxaca Valley and
parts of the Southern Highlands. The cities they built at
Mitla and Monte Alban remain, though they were taken
over by the Mixtecs prior to the arrival of the Spanish.
When the Spanish arrived in central Mexico, the Aztecs
controlled most of the Mesa Central through a state tribute
system that extracted taxes and political servility from
conquered tribal groups. The Aztecs migrated into the
Mesa Central from the north and fulfilled a tribal prophesy
by establishing a city where an eagle with a snake in its
beak rested on a cactus. This became the national symbol
of Mexico and adorns the country's flag and official seal.
The Aztecs founded the city of Tenochtitlan in the early
1300s, and it became the capital of their empire. The
Tlaxcalans to the east, the Tarascans on the west, and the
Chichimecs in the north were outside the Aztec domain
and frequently warred with them. The nation's name
derives from the Aztecs' war god, Mexitli.
Spanish Conquest LLegan los Españoles
From the time of Hernando Cortez's conquest until
1821, Mexico was a colony of Spain. Cortez first
entered the Valley of Mexico on the Mesa Central in 1519
after marching overland from Veracruz, the town he had
founded on the Gulf Coastal Plain.
With fewer than 200 soldiers and a few horses, the initial
conquest of the Aztecs was possible only with the
assistance of the large Indian armies Cortez assembled
from among the Aztecs' enemies. After a brief initial
success at Tenochtitlan, the Spanish were driven from
the city on the Noche Triste but returned in
1521
to destroy the city and to
overwhelm the Aztecs. Within a short time the rest of
central and southern Mexico and much of Central America
were conquered from Mexico City.
The Spanish usurped the Indian lands and redistributed
them among themselves, first as encomiendas, a system
of tribute grants, and later as haciendas, or land grants.
During the early contact with Indians, millions died from
such European diseases as measles and smallpox, for
which the natives had no immunity. Central Mexico did not
regain its pre-Columbian population numbers until perhaps
1900.
Leyenda Negra
Independence
Along with other Spanish colonies in the New World,
Mexico fought for and gained its independence in the early
1800s. On Sept. 16, 1810, in the town of
Dolores Hidalgo, the priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
rang his church's bells and exorted the local Indians
to "recover from the hated Spaniards the land stolen
from your forefathers. . ." This is celebrated as
Mexican Independence Day. Padre Hidalgo was
hanged in July 1811.
Battles for Independence
from Spain
Hidalgo was succeeded by Jose Maria Morelos y Pavon,
another parish priest but a more able leader than his
predecessor. Morelos called a national congress, which on
Nov. 6, 1812, officially declared Mexico to be independent
from Spain. Morelos was executed by a Spanish firing
squad in 1815, but his army, led by Vicente Guerrero,
continued fighting until 1821. Because of weaknesses
and political divisions in Spain, the revolutionary
movement gained strength. Agustin de Iturbide, a
royalist officer, joined forces with Guerrero and
drafted the Plan of Iguala, which provided for national
independence under a constitutional monarchy--the
Mexican Empire.
Not surprisingly, Iturbide was crowned emperor of Mexico
in July 1822, and the newly formed empire lasted less
than a year. Iturbide was exiled from the country but
returned and was executed.
General Antonio
Lopez de Santa
ANA
then emerged as the dominant political
force for some 30 years.
Santa Anna was president of Mexico when Texas
MexicanAmerican War of 1846
revolted and during the
Benito Juarez Years
After nearly a half century of independence, Mexico had
made relatively little economic or political progress, and
the peasantry continued to suffer. In 1858 Benito
Juarez, a Zapotec from Oaxaca, became president. He
attempted to eliminate the role of the Roman Catholic
church in the nation by appropriating its land and
prerogatives. In 1859 the Ley Lerdo was issued-separating church and state, abolishing monastic orders,
and nationalizing church property.
Juarez had
anticipated that Indians and peasants
would reacquire the 50 percent of the
nation's land formerly held by the
church, but the properties were
quickly purchased by the elite.
Because of the many years of economic and political
Mexico was
financially insolvent.
chaos that had elapsed,
Juarez and Suspension of payment on foreign loans
In 1861 Juarez announced a suspension of
payment on foreign loans, and the British,
Spanish, and French occupied Veracruz in
order to collect the Mexican debts.
The British and Spanish quickly withdrew, but France
overthrew the Mexican government
and in 1864 declared Mexico an empire with
Maximilian I of Austria as emperor.
During the war with the French, the Mexican armies won a
major battle on May 5, 1862, despite being severely
outnumbered and underarmed. That victory is celebrated
as Cinco de Mayo, a national holiday. Because of its own
Civil War, the United States was unable to enforce its
Monroe Doctrine, which prohibited European involvement
in the Americas. At the close of the Civil War, however,
the United States threatened to send troops into Mexico,
and the French army withdrew from the country.
Maximilian was executed by the Mexicans in 1867.
After the fall of the French and several years of turmoil,
Porfirio Diaz emerged to become president in 1877 and,
except for four years, ruled as an absolute dictator until
1910. During his reign Diaz encouraged foreign
investment and attempted to modernize the nation. He
helped to increase the GDP fivefold, expanded both
exports and imports, saw gold and silver production
increase from 25 million to 160 million dollars a year, and
built more than 15,000 miles (24,000 kilometers) of
railway. During this same period Diaz lined his pockets
and gave away huge concessions of land to friends and
foreign speculators.
By 1910 more than 95
percent of rural families had become
landless--debt peons because of
government expropriation of
communally held farm villages.
Mexican Revolution
Porfirio Díaz
Benito Juarez
Maximiliano I
México
Because Diaz had surrounded himself with friends and
cronies who gained economic and political power, there
was little opportunity for outsiders in the process even if
they were upper-class Mexicans. Francisco Madero, born
into a wealthy mining and ranching family of northern
Mexico, is credited with instigating the Mexican
Revolution. After
the fraudulent election
of 1910, Madero led a revolutionary
movement that in 1911 captured the
isolated border city of Ciudad Juarez.
An old man in ill health, Diaz was
forced to resign, and Madero was
elected president on a platform
promising social reform.
Madero was idealistic but politically inept. As a result his
presidency was short-lived and chaotic. Felix Diaz,
Porfirio's nephew, and Gen. Victoriano Huerta joined
together in a rebellion that ousted Madero. He and his
vice-president, Pino Suarez, were executed by the military
in February 1913.
Huerta became president, but counterrevolutions broke
out in the north. They were led by Gen. Venustiano
Carranza, a follower of Madero and governor of Coahuila,
with Pancho Villa and Gen. Alvaro Obregon. Peasants in
the south, disillusioned with Madero's ineffectiveness,
rallied behind the charismatic Indian revolutionary
Emiliano Zapata. While the northern revolutionaries were
largely interested in access to power, Zapata and his
followers, the zapatistas, demanded land and liberty for
the peasantry.
During the next few years disorder and chaos reigned. In
1915 Carranza overthrew Huerta to became president, but
in the process he alienated Villa, among others. Zapata
was killed shortly after Carranza came to power, but his
ideal of agrarian reform became a cornerstone of the
revolution. Villa returned to Chihuahua and raided border
towns in the southwest- ern United States, including
Columbus, N.M., where a number of Americans were
killed. American Gen. John J. Pershing was sent into
Mexico to capture Villa but was unsuccessful. (See also
Villa, Pancho; Zapata, Emiliano.)
The major accomplishment of the Carranza period was the
Constitution of 1917, which sought to
destroy the feudalism that had
existed in Mexico for 400 years.
After Carranza's assassination in 1920, General Obregon
ascended to the presidency. A strong individual, he
was both willing and able to push through social
reforms. His successor in 1924 was Gen. Plutarco
Elias Calles, a longtime political ally.
Calles was vigorously antichurch and was also unfriendly
to foreign capital investment. Only through diplomatic
intervention was Calles persuaded to reopen churches
that had closed and to become less hostile to the foreign
governments he had alienated.
Obregon was elected to a second term in 1928 but
was assassinated that same year.
PRI
National Revolutionary Party
Calles, who had founded the National Revolutionary
party, the predecessor of the Institutional
that still
controls the nation
Revolutionary party (PRI)
,
filled the office of interim president with three successive
puppet presidents.
Some interesting modern history
Peaceful Reforms
The election of Gen. Lazaro Cardenas in 1934 changed
the politics of the nation. Cardenas expelled Calles and
developed a vigorous six-year plan to modernize the
country. He redistributed more land than did all of his
predecessors combined, built rural schools, nationalized
the petroleum industry and strengthened the unions.
Miguel Aleman Valdes, president from 1946 to 1952, was
responsible for massive public-works projects, including
irrigation schemes in the northwest and hydroelectric
power in the south. Luis Echeverria Alvarez (1970-76)
devalued the peso after nearly 25 years of parity with the
United States dollar. Jose Lopez Portillo (1976-82)
directed the frantic economic growth of the oil boom.
Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (1982-88) inherited an
economy that had been transformed by a rapid decrease
in international oil prices as well as huge foreign debts. In
July 1988 the PRI candidate Carlos Salinas de Gortari
was elected president in a vote marred by charges of
widespread fraud. In 1991, President Salinas ordered the
immediate closing of Mexico City's largest governmentoperated refinery in a move to combat the city's air-
pollution crisis. The giant refinery would be replaced by
public parks and green spaces. Salinas was succeeded in
1994 by Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon, who was elected
after the leading candidate, Luis Donaldo Colosio, was
assassinated. In July 1996 Zedillo and the country's main
opposition parties signed a landmark agreement toward
political reform. The pact eliminated the PRI's control of
election procedures and ballot counting and placed limits
on campaign spending. The agreement added 17 new
amendments to Mexico's constitution.
Sixty-eight years of uninterrupted legislative rule by PRI
came to an end in July 1997 as Mexican voters handed
control of the country's lower house of parliament to two
opposition parties nominally allied against the PRI. While
the PRI won the largest individual share of the vote,
finishing with approximately 39 percent of the vote, it failed
to win an independent majority in the lower house for the
first time since 1929. The National Action party (PAN)
finished second in the election, capturing 27 percent of the
vote, and the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD)
won nearly 26 percent of the vote. Political analysts were
nearly unanimous in stating that the election results
indicated that the Mexican political system had begun to
move away from thinly veiled one-party rule and toward
genuine multiparty democracy. Nowhere was the changing
political atmosphere more evident than in Mexico City,
where PRD leader Cuahtemoc Cardenas Solorzano won a
landslide victory in the mayoral race.
Some Recent Relations with the United States
Relations between the United States and Mexico
fluctuated in the 20th century. A long-standing border
dispute was settled in 1963, and in 1992 the two countries,
along with Canada, signed the broadest trade agreement
ever reached between them. The continent-wide North
American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect
in 1994. In addition, the United States and Mexico have
worked cooperatively to deal with the flow of illegal
narcotics traffic from Mexico to the United States. The
question of illegal The question of illegal immigration and
the treatment of illegals in the United States is also a
source of irritation between the nations.
Unrest in Chiapas
Tensions between pro-government paramilitary forces and
the anti-government Zapatista National Liberation Army
(EZLN) exploded during the first two weeks of January in
1994, when EZLN guerrillas staged an uprising throughout
Chiapas in protest against the Mexican government's
treatment of Mexico's large but impoverished Indian
community. The 1994 uprising left at least 140 people
dead, and it sparked an ongoing struggle that raged
throughout the southern state of Chiapas and claimed
between 300 and 600 lives in the ensuing years. In
December 1997 the village of Acteal in Chiapas became
the site of one of the bloodiest massacres in recent
Mexican history, as an armed paramilitary group
slaughtered at least 45 people and wounded dozens
more. Although the motive for the attack, as well as the
identities of the perpetrators, remained unclear, villagers
from Acteal suggested that pro-government guerrillas had
staged the attack to retaliate for Acteal's support of the
EZLN, noting that Acteal's villagers had been strong
supporters of the anti-government peasant rebellion that
began in Chiapas in 1994……………..
Poncho villa
1. Cultura, historia y Conocimiento de las ciudades de
En busca de la verdad
2. Guanajuato México
3. San Miguel de Allende, México
4. San Antonio, Texas
5. El museo de Momias de Guanajuato
Capítulo 3A Gramática
El Pretérito
The Preterite tense is used to indicate a completed action in
the past. something that was completed-finished in the past
Verbos regulares
-AR
-é
-aste
-ó
-amos
-asteis
-aron
Verbos -er e -ir regulares
-í
-iste
-ió
-imos
-isteis
-ieron
______________________________________
Verbos irregulares
IRREGULAR CASES IN PRETÉRITO
Case I
irregular
below
DAR
Di
Diste
Dio
dimos
disteis
dieron
VER
Vi
Viste
Vio
Vimos
Visteis
Vieron
Case II irregular
Caer
Caí
Caíste
Cayó
Caímos
Caísteis
Cayeron.
OIR
Oí
Oíste
Oyó
Oímos
Oísteis
Oyeron
CREER
Creí
Creíste
Creyó
Creímos
Creísteis
Creyeron
LEER
Leí
Leíste
Leyó
Leímos
Leísteis
leyeron
Case II also has-
All –uir verbs
Construir
Influir.....
Construir
Construí
Construíste
Construyó
Construímos
Construísteis
Construyeron
Case III SER AND IR
Fui
Fuiste
Fue
Fuimos
Fuisteis
Fueron
Ser
Fuí
Fuiste
Fué
Fuimos
Fuisteis
Fueron
JOTA group
Case IV
Jota group
All –cir verbs take the “J”
Decir
Dije
Dijste
dijo
dijimos
dijisteis
dijeron
TRAER goes with the case
IV verbs
Traje
Trajiste
Trajo
Trajimos
Trajisteis
Trajeron
Case
V
ESTAR
“V” group
TENER
Estar
ESTUVE
ESTUVISTE
ESTUVO
ESTUVIMOS
ESTUVISTEIS
ESTUVIERON
ANDAR
ANDUVE
ANDUVISTE
ANDUVO
ANDUVIMOS
ANDUVISTEIS
ANDUVIERON
ANDAR
TENER
TUVE
TUVISTE
TUVO
TUVIMOS
TUVISTEIS
TUVIERON
Case VI Los independientes
Poner
Puse
Pusiste
Puso
Pusimos
Pusisteis
Pusieron
Poder
Pude
Pudiste
Pudo
Pudimos
Pudisteis
Pudieron
Venir
Vine
Viniste
Vino
Vinimos
Vinisteis
Hacer
Hice
Hiciste
Hizo
Hicimos
Hicisteis
Hicieron
Saber:
to know a fact
Not used in conversation
In spoken Spanish it is used to mean
“to have found out....!”
Supe
Supiste
Supo
Supimos
Supisteis
supieron
knowing is a process
Saber- In order to say that you
“knew....something” you must use
th eimperfect tense form of the
verb
Sabía
Sabías
Sabía
Sabíamos
Sabíais
sabían
Yo no sabía la respuesta.
Querer - to want
You can not use the preperite form of the verb
QUERER since ¨wanting¨ implies an on going
sense of desire......
In conversational Spanish you must use the
Imperfect form of the conjugation to indicate
“wanting...or wanted”
Preterite form of the verb
Quise
Quisiste
Quiso
Quisimos
Quisisteis
Qusieron
QUERER
In spoken Spanish this means to have refused
when the word NO comes before each conjugate.
Yo no quise ir. I refused to go.
No qusimos ir de compras.We refused to go shopping.
No quise
No quisiste
No quiso
Ni quisimos
No quisisteis
No quisieron
To expres “I wanted, you
wanted, he/she wanted....”
you must use the imperfect
form of the verb querer.
Quería
Querías
Quería
Queríamos
Queríais
Querían
Yo quería estudiar en la biblioteca.
I wanted to study in the library.
Dormir
Dormí
Dormiste
Durmió
Dormimos
Dormisteis
Durmieron
PEDIR
Pedí
Pediste
Pidió
Pedimos
Pedisteis
Pidieron
Other e to i stem-changing verbs.....
Servir reir pedir dormir sonrei.........
________________________________________
Case VIII
-Car
qué
-Gar
GUÉ
-Zar
CÉ
in the yo form
Tocar
Toqué
Tocaste
Tocó
Tocamos
Tocasteis
tocaron
-GAR verbs
LLEGAR
Llegué
Llegaste
Llegó
Llegamos
Llegasteis
llegaron
-ZAR verbs
Empezar
Empecé
Empezaste
empezó
Empezamos
Empezasteis
empezaron
Don´t forget
HOME JOURNALS
5 to 10 minutes - at least 5 minutes per
nightOf current lesson in
HOME JOURNALS!!!
Monday-Friday !!!
REVIEW THE VERBS IN THE VERB PACKET!
TAREA
Realidades 3B
El
15 de diciembre 2014 En Busca de la
TAREA pagina 152 A y B
Para martes que viene
Copy the questions and write out the answers
please
Full heading please
¡¡PARA LUNES!!
verdad