Pride and Hubris
Authentic
Pride
•Self-confidence experienced
after an achievement or success
•Adaptive
Hubristic
Pride
•Exaggerated pride or selfconfidence
•Maladaptive
How are the types of pride different?
Using the 4 components…
■ Eliciting Events
■ Subjective Feelings: Valence, Arousal
■ Cognitive Appraisals
■ Behavior Changes
■ Physiological Changes
Prototype Approach: Pride
Authentic
•accomplished
•confident
•triumph
•winner
Hubristic
•arrogant
•conceited
•cocky
•stuck-up
(Tracy & Robins, 2007)
Prototype Approach: Pride
“Think about a time when you felt very
proud of yourself…describe the events
that led up to your feeling this way in as
much detail as you can remember.”
(Tracy & Robins, 2007, p.514)
Prototype Approach: Eliciting
Events
Type of Event
Achievement
Athletic
% of total events
69%
18%
Personal
Familial
Relational
12%
1%
0%
(Tracy & Robins, 2007)
Cognitive Appraisals
■ Both elicited by internal attributions
■ Ability: Internal, stable, global cause
– I Aced the exam because I’m smart and I’m good at
everything I do!
■ Effort: Internal, unstable, specific cause
– I Aced the exam because I worked hard in this math
class!
Cognitive Appraisals
■ Internal attributions held constant
■ IV Manipulation #1: Stability
– Internal, Stable Attribution (due to IQ)
– Internal, Unstable Attribution (due to effort)
■ DV
– Ratings for authentic and hubristic pride
(Tracy & Robins, 2007)
0 = not at all; 6 = extremely
6
5
4
Internal, Unstable
Internal, Stable
3
2
1
0
Authentic Pride Hubristic Pride
(Tracy & Robins, 2007)
Cognitive Appraisals
■ Internal attributions held constant
■ IV Manipulation #1: Globality
– Internal, Specific Attribution
– Internal, Global Attribution
■ DV
– Ratings for authentic and hubristic pride
(Tracy & Robins, 2007)
0 = not at all; 6 = extremely
6
5
4
Internal, Specific
Internal, Global
3
2
1
0
Authentic Pride Hubristic Pride
(Tracy & Robins, 2007)
Authentic
•Internal, unstable,
specific
•Effort! Accurate!
Hubristic
•Internal, stable, global
•Ability! Inaccurate!
Changes in Behavior
■ Approach!
■ 47%: make contact with others
■ 39% seek out others
(Noftle & Robins, 2006)
(Tracy and colleagues, 2004, 2005, 2007)
Other Behavior / Personality
Changes
Measure
Self-esteem
Shame-proneness
Authentic
.35*
-.15*
Hubristic
-.18*
.17*
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
.20*
.19*
.26*
.09
-.17*
-.14*
Openness
.14*
.03
(Tracy & Robins, 2007)
How are the types of pride different?
Using the 4 components…
■ Eliciting Events
■ Subjective Feelings: Valence, Arousal
■ Cognitive Appraisals
■ Behavior Changes
■ Physiological Changes – research needed!
External
Locus
Attribution
Internal
(public)
Internal
Basic Emotions
Process Model of
self-conscious
emotions
Embarrassment
Stable and
Global
Attributions?
Yes!
No!
Shame / Hubris
Guilt /
Authentic Pride
(Tracy & Robins, 2009)
Success
Failure
Stable
&
Global
Hubristic
Pride
Shame
Unstable
&
Specific
Authentic
Pride
Guilt
(Lewis, 1992; Tracy & Robins, 2009)
Aced Stat Exam
Stable
&
Global
Unstable
&
Specific
Failed Stat Exam
I will always be
smart!
I’m good at
everything!
I will never be
smart.
I’m not good at
anything!
I studied hard.
I’m good at stats!
I didn’t study
enough.
I’m not good at
stats.
(Lewis, 1992; Tracy & Robins, 2009)
Unemployment
Meet the Parents
Born on the 4th of
July
Mean Girls
The Express
The Pursuit of
Happiness
A.
Embarrassment
B.
Guilt
C.
Hubris
D.
Pride
E.
Shame
Possible Answers