Looking Inside
Eukaryotic Cells
PARTS OF
A CELL
“PARTS OF A CITY”
TWO TYPES OF
CELLS
1) PROKARYOTE
Without a nucleus =
Bacteria
TWO TYPES OF
CELLS
2) EUKARYOTE
With a nucleus =
Animal & Plant
STRUCTURE OF A
TYPICAL PLANT CELL
PLANT CELL
CELL WALL
“SHORELINE &
BOUNDARY”
A RIGID LAYER THAT
PROVIDES SHAPE AND
SUPPORT TO A PLANT
CELL
STRUCTURE OF A
TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL
ANIMAL CELL
CELL MEMBRANE
“OUTER GATE”
CONTROLS WHICH
SUBSTANCES CAN ENTER
OR LEAVE THE CELL
OUTER GATE
NUCLEUS
“BRAIN OR COMPUTER”
THE CONTROL CENTER OF A
CELL THAT DIRECTS THE
CELL’S ACTIVITIES;
CONTAINS GENETIC MATERIAL
CALLED CHROMOSOMES MADE
OF DNA
BRAIN = COMPUTER
CYTOPLASM
“ATMOSPHERE”
THE VISCOUS GEL-LIKE
MATERIAL INSIDE A CELL;
CONTAINS ORGANELLES
“ENVIRONMENT”
ENVIRONMENT
ATMOSPHERE
MITOCHONDRIA
“POWERHOUSE”
ROD-SHAPED ORGANELLE
WHERE ENERGY FOR
CELLULAR FUNCTIONS IS
PRODUCED
MITOCHONDRIA
= POWER PLANT
POWERHOUSE
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM ( E R )
“HIGHWAY”
MAZE OF PASSAGEWAYS
IN WHICH MATERIALS
ARE CARRIED FROM ONE
PART OF THE CELL TO
ANOTHER
HIGHWAY =
TRANSPORTATION
RIBOSOME
“FACTORY &
PRODUCERS”
A TINY STRUCTURE IN
THE CYTOPLASM OF A
CELL WHERE PROTEINS
ARE MADE
RIBOSOME = FACTORY
GOLGI BODY
“POST OFFICE”
PACKAGES & DISTRIBUTES
PROTEINS IN LITTLE
BUBBLES TO OTHER
PARTS OF THE CELL
GOLGI BODY
= POST OFFICE
CHLOROPLASTS
“FARM & SITE OF
PHOTOSYNTHESIS”
CAPTURE ENERGY FROM
SUNLIGHT AND USES IT
TO PRODUCE FOOD FOR
PLANT CELLS ;
CONTAIN CHLOROPHYLL
VACUOLE
“GROCERY STORE”
BUBBLE-LIKE ORGANELLE
THAT STORES FOOD,
WATER, OR WASTE
LYSOSOME
“RECYCLERS &
DIGESTION CENTER”
A SACLIKE ORGANELLE IN
ANIMAL CELLS THAT
CONTAINS CHEMICALS THAT
BREAKDOWN FOOD OR
WASTE MATERIALS
DIGESTION CENTER
Lysosomes are relatively large vesicles formed by the Golgi.
They contain hydrolytic enzymes that could destroy the cell.
Lysosome contents function in the
extracellular breakdown of materials.