Human Systems Project
Name: _______________________
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Describe the following terms:
Cells: ___________________________________________________
Stem Cells: ______________________________________________
Tissue Types
Epithelial: _________________________________________________
Nervous: _________________________________________________
Connective:________________________________________________
Muscle:___________________________________________________
Major Organ Systems of the Body
System
Major structures
Cardiovascular
Functions
Digestive
Endocrine
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Urinary
Immune
Integumentary
Muscular
Nervous
Reproductive
Respiratory
Skeletal
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THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
Five important functions of the skeletal system:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Parts of the axial skeleton:
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
3.___________________
4.___________________
Parts of the appendicular skeleton:
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
3.___________________
4.___________________
The shoulder blades called the ___________________ and the collar bone called
_________________________ make up the _________________ girdle.
The parts of the pelvic girdle include the bones of the pelvis, the
_________________________, the _______________________ and the
_________________________.
Bones are made up of four basic bone shapes:
Shapes
Structure(s)
Type of bone structure
Function
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Define the following terms:
SKELETAL SYSTEM
Osteocyte
Bone marrow
Leukemia
Joint
Ligament
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Tendon
Flexor
Extensor
Muscle fiber
Myofibril
Sarcomere
Myosin
Actin
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous tissue
Melanin
Keratin
Sebum
What are 5 things that the skin does for the body?
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CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS
Define the function, then draw and label the following parts of the respiratory system:
1. Pharynx: _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. Larynx: _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. Trachea: ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
4. Bronchus: _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
5. Diaphragm: ______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
6. Bronchioles: _____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
7. Right and Left Lung: _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
8. Alveoli: _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Describe breathing in terms of expansion and relaxation: _______________________
_____________________________________________________________________
What controls how fast or slow you breathe? _________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
During gas exchange and transport, the ___________________ gas binds to a
_________________________________ inside the red blood cell and most of the
_______________________________ gas is carried as ______________________
ions in the plasma.
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DIGESTIVE AND EXCRETORY SYSTEMS
Define the function, then draw and (when appropriate) label the following parts of the
digestive system:
Digestive
Function
Mechanisms
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Liver
Pancreas
Small intestine
Large intestine
Gall Bladder
Kidney
Ureter
Urethra
Urinary bladder
Peristalsis
Pepsin
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Vitamins
What is chemical digestion? ______________________________________________
What is mechanical digestion? ____________________________________________
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THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
Describe how each of the following mechanisms work for the immune system:
Protecting Against Disease
Pathogen
Mucous membrane
Inflammation
Histamine
Macrophage
antigen
Eliminating Invaders
Helper T-cell
Cytotoxic T-cell
B cell
Plasma cell
Antibodies
Memory cell
Immunity
Vaccine
Immune system dysfunctions
Allergy
Allergen
Autoimmune disease
AIDS
HIV
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THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
The Central Nervous System is___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________.
The Peripheral Nervous System is ________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Using two different colors, draw and label the CNS and PNS on the following diagram:
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Label the following parts of the brain: thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebrum, corpus
callosum, cerebellum, spinal cord, brainstem (midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata)
Part
Thalamus
Function
Hypothalamus
Cerebrum
Corpus callosum
Cerebellum
Spinal cord
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
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Label the cross section of the spinal cord with the terms: spinal nerve, ventral root,
nerve fibers, gray matter, motor output, sensory input, white matter, dorsal root
ganglion.
Part
Function
Spinal nerve
Ventral root
Nerve fibers
Gray matter
Motor output
Sensory input
White matter
Dorsal root
Ganglion
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NERVE AND NERVE IMPULSES
Label the neuron structure with the following terms: dendrites, nucleus, synapses, cell
body, axon, myelin sheaths and Nodes of Ranvier Add labeling lines if necessary.
Part
Function
Dendrites
Nucleus
Synapses
Cell Body
Axon
Myelin sheaths
Nodes of Ranvier
Membrane potential
Action potential
Threshold
A neuron’s __________________ gather information from other cells, the
_________________ integrates this information, and the _____________ sends the
information to other cells.
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SENSORY RECEPTORS
Label the eyeball structure with the following terms: lens, cornea, pupil, iris, optic nerve,
retina, external eye muscle, choroid
Part
Function
Lens
Cornea
Pupil
Iris
Optic nerve
Retina
External eye muscle
Choroid
A layer lining most of the sclera containing cells that
produce melanin, supplies nutrients for the retina and
absorbs light to prevent stray light from bouncing around
the inside the eye.
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Label the ear structure with the following terms: outer ear, ear canal, middle ear,
malleus (hammer), incus (anvil) stapes (stirrup), tympanic membrane (eardrum),
semicircular canals, auditory nerve, cochlea, eustachian tube:
Part
Function
Outer ear
Middle ear
Ear canal
Inner ear
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
Tympanic
membrane
Semicircular canals
Auditory nerve
Cochlea
Eustachian tube
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bitter - Bitter tastes (like the taste of tonic water) are mostly sensed towards the back
and rear sides of the tongue.
salty and sweet - Salty tastes and sweet tastes (like sugar) are mostly tasted at the tip
of the tongue.
sour - Sour tastes (like lemon juice) are mostly tasted at the sides of the tongue, at the
middle and towards the front.
Touch and Other Senses
Pain Receptors
Thermoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Psychoactive Drugs
Depressants
Stimulants
Narcotics
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THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The endocrine system is__________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________,
Part
Function
Endocrine gland
Target cell
Second messenger
Feedback mechanism
Antagonistic hormone
Amino-based hormones
Cholesterol-based hormones
Controlling Endocrine Glands
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Androgen
Estrogen
Progesterone
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On the following diagram, draw, label and describe the following parts of the endocrine
system, female on the left and male on the right:
Part
Description
Pituitary gland
Parathyroid gland
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Ovaries
Hypothalamus
Thyroid gland
Thymus gland
Testes
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THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Define the following terms:
Male Reproductive System
Testis
Seminiferous
tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Prostate
gland
Semen
Penis
Female Reproductive System
Ovary
Ovum
Fallopian tube
Uterus
Vagina
Ovulation
Menstral cycle
Menstruation
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Label the following diagrams with the reproductive parts you have defined:
Define the following terms:
Embryo
Implantation
Fetus
COMMON SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
Genital herpes
Genital HPV
Trichomoniasis
AIDS
Hepatitis B
Chlamydia gonorrhea
Syphilis
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
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Grading Rubric for Human Systems Project
Assignment
Cover page: Biology, Title, Name, Hour, Illustration
Page 1: Term Descriptions: 1 pt each
Structures:
*Cardio: at least 4
*Digestive: 9
*Endocrine: 7
Functions: 1 pt each
Page 2: Structures:
Urinary: 4
Immune: 5
Integumentary: 3
Muscular: 4
Nervous: 4
Reproductive: 13
Respiratory: 9
Skeletal: 9 bones + 2 structures
Functions: 2 pts apiece
Page 3: Each blank 1 pt ea.
Page 4: Each blank 1 pt ea. + 5 things the skin does
Page 5: Each blank 1 pt ea.
Page 6: Drawing: 9 structures labeled
Page 7: Each blank 1 pt ea.
Page 8: Drawing: 7 structures labeled
Page 9: Each blank 1 pt ea.
Page 10: Definitions: 2 pts, drawing 4 pts (includes colors)
Page 11: Labels: 11
Page 12: Labels: 8; Functions: 9
Page 13: Labels: 7; Functions: 10, 3 fill in the blanks
Page 14: Labels: 8; Functions: 7
Page 15: Labels: 11; Functions 12
Page 16: Labels: 4; Descriptions: 6
Page 17: Definitions/functions: 13
Page 18: Descriptions: 9; Labels: 9
Page 19: Definitions: 15
Page 20: Labels: 15 Definitions: 11
Total
Points
Possible
5
6
Points
Earned
4
9
7
3
29
4
5
3
4
4
13
9
11
16
69
35
24
14
9
20
7
19
6
10
17
20
15
23
10
13
15
15
26
401
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