Flood Risk Management
Vision, Programs, and Actions
Alex C. Dornstauder
Office of Homeland Security
HQ, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
US Army Corps of Engineers
BUILDING STRONG®
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
1
BUILDING STRONG®
Overarching Shared Challenges
Governance
Climate
Change

Federal Budget
Demographic
Shifts

Legislative Changes
Persistent
Conflict
Energy
Increasing
Demand
for Water
Aging
Infrastructure
Environmental
Values
Globalization
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
Declining
Biodiversity
Disaster
Preparedness
and Response
®
2
BUILDING STRONG®
Life-Cycle Risk Management
“Getting Ready”
Actions taken BEFORE
the event, including planning,
training, and preparations
Flood Risk Management
system assessment /
inspections
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Monitoring / forecasting threats
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
State and Local Coordination
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Reservoir operations
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Flood Fight Preparation
“The Flood Fight”
Actions taken DURING the initial impact
of a disaster, including those to save lives
and prevent further property damage
USACE
Disaster Preparedness,
Levee Safety, and
Silver Jackets Programs
FEMA
Preparedness
Programs
USACE
FPMS, PAS, and
Silver Jackets
“Driving Down the Risks”
Activities that PREVENT a disaster,
reduce its chance of happening,
or reduce its damaging effects.
USACE Emergency
Response Program
and Reservoir Operations
State and Local
Partnerships
Hazard Mitigation Plans
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Floodplain Management Plans
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USACE
Pre – and Post –
Rehabilitation
Response and Recovery
Assistance Program
Activities
FEMA Mitigation,
PA, and IA Programs
FEMA Mitigation Programs
NRCS Conservation
Easements
Federal Recovery
Programs
Modify mitigation plans
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Identify future
mitigation opportunities
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Develop system improvements
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
FEMA
NRF
Response
Activities
Emergency system strengthening
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Monitor and report flood impact
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Monitor system performance
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Support State / Local FF
“Getting back on our feet”
Actions taken AFTER the
initial impact, including those
directed toward a return to normalcy.
Repair damaged systems
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Assess and document
system performance
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Implement mitigation measures /
system improvements
®
3
BUILDING STRONG®
Shared Disaster Risk Management
“ Driving Down the Risks with an Informed and Engaged Public “
Initial Risk
Outreach
Hurricane KATRINA
Natural Storage
Lessons Learned
Federal / State / Local
Structural
Risk
Resulted from
Federal / State / Local
Federal / State / Local
Non – Structural
Federal / State / Local
Contingency Plans
Federal / State / Local / Individual
Building Codes
State / Local
Zoning
Local
Insurance
Individual / NFIP
Residual Risk
All Stakeholders contribute to reducing risk !
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
4
BUILDING STRONG®
Relative Risk
The expected value of an unwanted event which may or may not occur
Threat x Vulnerability x Consequences
( External )
( Internal )
Condition Classification
A
Probably
Inadequate
D
F
Adequate
Probably
Adequate
Inadequate
Failed
I
11
16
20
23
25
II
7
12
17
21
24
III
4
8
13
18
22
IV
2
5
9
14
19
V
1
3
6
10
15
Employ a rigorous process of
Risk-Informed Decisionmaking for:
Probabilistic basis for decisions
Systems Understanding
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Multiple Hazards and Consequences
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Quantification of Unknowns
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Sources of Vulnerability
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Consistent Analysis of Alternatives
Consequence Category
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∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
B
C
Common Operating Picture
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
5
BUILDING STRONG®
Overarching Strategy
Adaptive
Management
Measure responses to interventions within systems
to adjust planning, construction and operations
in response to changing conditions.
Risk-Informed
Decision Making
and Communication
State-of-the-Art
Technology
Improve resiliency of structures
Consequence analysis ( especially populations )

Forestall possible failure mechanisms

Quantify / communicate residual risk

Ask which projects will fail to perform as designed,
the likelihood of failure, and the consequences

Integrated
Water Resources
Management

Update design criteria

Improve approaches to planning / design

Leverage remote sensing / GIS / nanotechnology / . . . .

Coastal / River Information System
Recognize limits in disaster prediction

Recognize limits in structural protection
Systems
Approach
Collaboration
and Partnering
River basins / Watersheds / Coastal zones
Multiple organizations contribute to problem-solving


From INDIVIDUAL projects to INTERDEPENDENT systems
Leverage funding, data, and talent


Efficiencies, given scarce resources
Sophisticated state / interstate organizations
Tribes, local governments, non-profit organizations
Partnering with profit-making organizations a next step
From IMMEDIATE to LONG-TERM solutions

Single actions trigger > 1 system responses / reactions
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
6
BUILDING STRONG®
National Flood Risk Management
Planning • FMPS / PAS • OPS / Regulatory
FRM Business Line • FRM PCX • R&D
Environmental • International • Coastal
Dam and Levee Safety • Levee Vegetation
FEMA • DOI • EPA • NOAA / NWS
NOAA CSC • USBR • HUD • USDS • DHS
NRCS • Tribes • States • Locals
Silver Jackets • IFRMC • FIFM-TF • ILTF / RFRMT
Roundtables • Regional FRM Teams • CERB
EO 11988 • PL 84-99 • Section 404
Unified National Plan • RiskMAP
Disaster Response • Mitigation
Land Use Planning / Zoning • Emergency Services
Contingency Response • Evacuation • Flood Fighting
Water Resources Management • Building Codes
Floodproofing • Environmental Protection
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
7
BUILDING STRONG®
USACE Homeland Security Programs
FY12 President’s Budget
Accounts
Business
Lines
Investigations
Flood and Coastal Storm
Damage Reduction
48
721
523
Coastal
7
23
8
Inland
41
698
515
Remaining Items
Operations
& Maintenance
Construction
NFRMP
CIPR
3
6.5
6.75
Emergency Management
Mississippi River and Tributaries
Investigations
Construction
Operations
& Maintenance
1
63
91
Flood Control
and Coastal
Emergency
27
NEPP
Remaining Items
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
6.75
®
8
BUILDING STRONG®
FCSDR O&M Funding
FY11 and FY12 President’s Budgets
( $ MIL )
By State
FY11
FY12
Notes
26
27
Expect to remain the same
for foreseeable the future
Inspection of Completed Projects
1.7
26.7
National Levee Database
10
20
Inspection of Completed Works
Remaining Items
Silver Jackets
4
NCLS Recommendations
1
During budget pass back,
OMB increased USACE O&M ceiling
by $40 MIL and directs USACE
investment in these four (4) programs
No impact on By-State O&M Project Funding
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
9
BUILDING STRONG®
Universe of Levees
FEMA NFIP
Objective: Communicate the most current information for flood insurance purposes.
> 100-year
( Not to Scale )
FEMA
FEMA
NFIP and USACE
NFIP ONLY
®
100-year
Federal
O&M
Level
of
Protection
No Nexus with
NFIP or USACE
®
USACE ONLY
< 100-year
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
USACE built /
Local O&M
Local
Local
built /
Enrolled
In RIP
2,000
10,800
2,030
100,000+?
miles
miles
miles
miles
1
2
3
4
Levee
Categories
USACE Inventory and Assessment
WRDA Authorities
Objective: Assess all levees in USACE programs,
regardless of level of protection.
Objective: Inventory all levees in the Nation; lead strategic
planning for a National Levee Safety Program.
®
10
BUILDING STRONG®
Silver Jackets
“Operationalizing” Inter-Agency Flood Risk Management
Partner
 State-Led ( Voice of the Customer )

State sets priorities for Interagency Federal support
 Collaborative


Leverage resources: talent, data, funding
Facilitate integrated Post-Disaster solutions
Active Inter-Governmental Flood Risk Management Team
 Continuous, not project-specific
Fully Signed Charter
Ongoing Effort to Develop Team
 Life-Cycle Risk Reduction
 Watershed Perspective

State teams facilitate
regional, state-to-state
flood risk management
As of: 6 DEC 2010
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
11
BUILDING STRONG®
Silver Jackets
National Watershed Vertical / Horizontal Integration
Watershed is
forcing function for
Local, State, and
Federal effort
Federal
( HQ USACE )

Provide focus on effects
for each watershed
State

( USACE Regions )
Identify feasible,
acceptable, and suitable
alternatives

Local
Align political, technical,
and fiscal strategies
( USACE Districts )

10¢ prevention
upstream
vs.
$1000 in recovery
downstream
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
12
BUILDING STRONG®
Silver Jackets
National Watershed Time / Space / Purpose Synchronization
2111
2061
2031
$ ?+?+? BIL
50 years
$ ?+? BIL
20 years
$ ? BIL
Now
( Non-Decisional. For Illustration ONLY. )
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
13
BUILDING STRONG®
Challenges / Opportunities / Actions
Synchronize Life-Cycle Flood Risk Management
Budget and Business Line / Emergency Management / Dam and Levee Safety / Interagency Programs
CIPR (OBJ 3b and Dams Sector) / DCIP / CIRM / AT-FP (CBRNE +) / G2 / Asset Management (OBJ 3c)
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Levee compliance to standards
Levee Vegetation / Variance Process ( PGL ) / Standards ( ETL ) / CA 2012 Plan / STRATCOMMS
Levee Safety EC / ER 500-1-1 ( Emergency Management ) / Certification / Accreditation
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Consistent Silver Jackets Implementation
Interagency / State / Local / Division / District / CoP / Doctrine / TTP and Business Processes
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
Annual Emergency Management Funding
Budget and Business Line vs. Emergency Supplemental Appropriations / Performance-Based Budget
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
14
BUILDING STRONG®
The “ Burning Platform “
“Let us raise a standard . . . .
. . . . to which the wise and the honest can repair.”
George Washington
Constitutional Convention ( May 1787 )
110518
ASFPM Conference
(Louisville,
KY)Watershed Investment Model )
ESRI
AFRICOM
/ EUCOM UC
( National
< 110518
ASFPM10:00
final> a.m.
May
20, 2009
®
15 Strong “
“ Building
BUILDING STRONG
15®
Questions ?
110518 ASFPM Conference (Louisville, KY)
< 110518 ASFPM final>
®
16
BUILDING STRONG®