The Nervous System: An Intro
Biology 12

Joke of the day:

Brain Review

Use pages 428-430 as well!

FRONTAL LOBE
• Emotions, reasoning, planning, movement, and parts of speech.
• Purposeful acts such as creativity, judgment, problem solving, and planning.

PARIETAL LOBE
• Connect with the processing of nerve impulses related to the senses, such as touch, pain, taste, pressure, and temperature.
• Language functions

TEMPORAL LOBE
• Responsible for hearing, memory, meaning, and language
• Role in emotion and learning.
• Interpreting and processing auditory stimuli

OCCIPITAL LOBE
• Involved with the brain's ability to recognize objects
• Responsible for vision

What is the nervous system?
• The system of cells, tissues, and organs that regulates the body's responses to internal and external stimuli.
• In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, and parts of the receptor and effector organs.
• Consists of two main parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system
(PNS)

Central Nervous System
• CNS
• Coordinating centre for information coming in and going out
• Includes brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System
• PNS
• Consists mainly of nerves, which are long fibres that connect the CNS to every other part of the body.
• It is further subdivided into two systems:
▫ Somatic
▫ Autonomic

Somatic vs. Autonomic
• Somatic nerves (voluntary) control skeletal muscle, bones, skin and senses.
• Autonomic nerves (involuntary) control internal organs of the body.

One last subdivision……
Autonomic nerves can be divided into:
▫ Sympathetic
 “on” switch to prepare for stress
▫ Parasympathetic
 “off” switch to return to normal resting levels

Review: Divisions

Cells of the nervous system:
• The nervous system is composed of trillions of nerve cells and other cells that maintain and support the nerve cells.
1. Glial cells: maintain and support neurons, they do not carry impulses.
2. Neurons: cells that conduct nerve impulses.
They function electrically to create thought and action in our bodies (there are three types of neurons)

Neuron
Glial Cell

Types of Neurons:
1.
Sensory neurons: sense and relay information from the environment to the CNS for processing, collecting information from sensory organs (ears, eyes, etc.)
2.
Interneurons: link other neurons together, they relay information
3.
Motor neurons :relay information from CNS to effectors (effectors include: mucsles, organs, etc.)

Nerves:
• Many neurons connected together form a nerve
• Length is quite variable

To do:
• Nervous System WS
• Page 417
▫ Questions 1, 2
• Page 437
▫ Questions 1-5