Development and Testing of a
Conceptual Framework for
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice
Brenda J. Stutsky RN, MScN, EdS, PhD
University of Manitoba brenda.stutsky@med.umanitoba.ca
Heather K Spence Laschinger RN, PhD, FAAN, FCAHS
University of Western Ontario hkl@uwo.ca
Objectives
1
Describe a conceptual framework for
interprofessional collaborative practice.
2
Describe the preliminary empirical
testing of the framework.
3
Determine potential application
for the framework.
Literature Review
• Problem
– Interprofessional literature: Atheoretical
– Terms are poorly conceptualized
– Consistent framework for research is missing
(Reeves et al., 2011)
Conceptual Framework
ANTECEDENTS
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Personal Factors
Beliefs in IPC
Flexibility
Trust
Antecedents
Cooperation
Communication Skills
Situational Factors
• Leadership
• Empowerment
• Support Structures
Interprofessional
Collaborative
Practice
Interprofessional
• Collective Ownership
Collaborative
of Goals
Practice
• Understanding of
Roles
• Interdependence
• Knowledge Exchange
CONSEQUENCES
Work Behaviours &
Attitudes
Personal
• Work Satisfaction
• Intent to Stay
Team Consequences
• Perceived Team
Effectiveness
• Conflict
Organizational Outcomes
• Patient Safety
• Quality of Patient Care
Patient Outcomes
• Patient Biopsychosocial
Outcomes
• Patient Satisfaction
• Patient Empowerment
• Length of Stay
Method
• Descriptive correlational design
• Regulated healthcare providers in Northern Health
Authority in Manitoba, Canada
• 3 hospitals, 3 long-term care facilities, 4 primary
healthcare centres
• Interprofessional Collaborative Practice Survey
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Constructed from existing standardized measures
55 items with 9 demographic items
Reliability was adequate (.67 to .88) and .78 for overall ICP scale
Construct validity confirmed via exploratory factor analysis
(Stutsky & Laschinger, 2012)
Results
Demographics
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Response rate 32% (N=117)
95 females, 21 males, 1 not indicated
23-68 yrs. of age (M=43.30, SD=11.77)
0.5-40 yrs. of experience (M=15.51, SD=12.45)
75% nurses, 17% allied health, 8% physicians
59% acute care, 34% community care, 7% long-term care
72% full-time, 24% part-time, 4% casual
78% direct patient care
Results
Means
Overall mean for ICP was moderate (M=3.76, SD=.43)
ICP dimensions were moderate to moderately high:
• Understanding of Roles (M=3.15, SD=.75)
• Interdependence (M=4.24, SD=.47)
• Knowledge Exchange (M=3.98, SD=.50)
• Collective Ownership of Goals (M=3.43, SD=.69)
Results
Correlations
• Correlations between ICP and its antecedents and consequences
• All factors were significantly correlated with overall ICP (r=.33-.65,
p<.01) except for flexibility
Path Analysis
Reasonably adequate fit for a newly developed framework:
• Comparative Fit Index (CFI) .81
• Normed Fit Index (NFI) .77
• Root Mean Square Error of Approximation Index (RMSEA) .14
Results
Discussion
• Encouraging preliminary empirical support for the
conceptual framework
• Results were consistent with findings in the literature
including the importance of relationship-centered
collaborative care
• Limitations include small sample size and response rate
• Psychometric properties of the ICPS are promising but
continual refinement and validation is needed
• Patient outcomes need to be captured in future studies
Discussion
• Use of the framework
– Healthcare leaders: Guide for facilitating ICP to enhance patient
safety and quality of care
– Educators: Strengthen IPE curricula
– Healthcare professionals: Share the framework with their
colleagues to promote ICP and remind all those involved in caring
for patients of the importance of individual attitudes and
behaviours and interprofessional interactions to improving patient
safety and quality
– Further research to validate the framework
References
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