BTEC Level 1 & 2
First Award in
MUSIC
Unit 1:
The Music
Industry
What is Unit 1?
 The two Learning Aims of the Unit are:
A: Understand different types of organisations that
make up the music industry
B: Understand job roles in the music industry
 How is this tested?
There will be a 60 minute written exam to be
taken in May 2016. This is a ‘proper’ exam taken in
full exam conditions.
To achieve a Level 2 Pass for BTEC Music you MUST pass the
exam. You cannot pass the course if you fail the exam.
What is an organisation in the Music
Industry? (Aim A)
There are five categories of organisation we will
cover. We will also look into how these
organisation work with each other, and why.
 Venues and live performance
 Health and safety and security at venues
 Production and Promotion
 Service Companies and Agencies
 Unions
Venues
 What is a music venue?
-A setting that is able to play live or prerecorded music.
 Here is a list of possible types of venues for
performing music.
-Pubs
-Clubs
-Civic Centres
-Restaurants
-Arenas
-Town Centres
-Parks
-Sports Grounds
-Schools
Venues
 Can anywhere be a venue?
-Yes, within reason.
 What laws are there surrounding venues
and music?
-Entertainment licence for larger
venues/groups (Live Music Act 2012).
-Risk assessments.
-Health and Safety Laws.
-Noise pollution laws.
-PRS licence for copyrighted music .
Some important government
Acts
 Live Music Act 2012
https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-licensing-changesunder-the-live-music-act
 Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
‘You need to get permission from the copyright holder to
‘perform’ music in public’. A music licence grants you this
permission.
 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
Governs the responsibilities of employers to ensure the
workplace is safe for numerous circumstances.
TASK
 Write a list of the advantages and disadvantages
of:
-local venues
-arenas.
 If you run out of ideas, consider what your
answers would be if you lived in a different
location, e.g. a small village without easy access
to public transport.
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES of VENUES
ADVANTAGES of small venue
DISADVANTAGES of small venue
ADVANTAGES of large venue
DISADVANTAGES of large venue
Health and safety
TASK
 Three important areas:
 Audience safety
 Employee safety
 Fire regulations
 How do venues ensure
these three areas are
correctly addressed? Write
a report of your findings.
HEALTH & SAFETY REPORT
A famous example of a
performance incident…
Another famous example…
A recent example of a
performance incident
Another example….
 Two fans died in a
stampede.
 The festival cancelled
for two years as of a
result.
And another….
 Wolverhampton Civic
Another fairly recent example…
INDIANAPOLIS -- A stage collapsed during a powerful storm at the Indiana State Fair on Saturday, sending steel scaffolding into the terrified crowd below and killing at least five people among
fans awaiting a performance by the country band Sugarland. The collapse came moments after an announcer warned of the advancing storm and gave instructions on what to do in event of an
evacuation. Witnesses said a wall of dirt, dust and rain blew up quickly like a dust bowl and a burst of high wind toppled the rigging. People ran amid screams and shouts, desperate to get out of
the way. Hundreds of concert-goers rushed afterward amid the chaos to tend to the injured, many with upraised arms seeking to lift heavy beams, lights and other equipment that blew down
onto the crowd. Many of the injured were in the VIP section closest to the stage. Emergency crews set up a triage centre in a tunnel below the grandstand at the Indianapolis fairgrounds.
About 40 people were injured, including at least one child, WTHR reported. Witnesses reported seeing many people with head and neck injuries and broken bones. Indiana State Police 1st Sgt.
Dave Bursten said the number of injured could rise because some people may have taken themselves to hospitals. Bursten said the injuries ranged from cuts and scrapes to "very serious injuries"
and that it was a "very likely possibility" that the death toll could also mount. One of the injured was a 7-year-old child, according to television station WTHR. Emergency crews continued to search
the fairgrounds early Sunday to ensure there were no other injured concert-goers who might have wandered off after the collapse, Bursten said. Fair officials canceled all activities Sunday. The
fair, which runs through Aug. 21, was expected to resume Monday with a service honoring the victims, he said. Bursten said emergency personnel and fair officials were monitoring the weather
because a severe storm had been expected to hit the area around 9:15 p.m. But the storm hit shortly before 9 p.m. He said preparations were being made to evacuate the facility but that the
"significant gust of wind" struck the stage rigging that holds lights and other equipment before the evacuation plan was activated. "As we all know, weather can change in a very rapid period of
time," he said.
Concert-goers said the opening act by Sara Bareilles had finished and the crowd was waiting for Sugarland to take the stage. They said an announcer had alerted them that severe weather was
possible and gave instructions on what to do if an evacuation was necessary. But the same announcer said concert organizers hoped the show would go on, and many fans stayed put. The wind
that toppled the rigging came just minutes after that announcement, fans said. "It was like it was in slow motion," concert-goer Amy Weathers told the Indianapolis Star. "You couldn't believe it
was actually happening." Associated Press photographer Darron Cummings was in the audience attending the concert as a fan shortly before the collapse. He said he and his companions sought
shelter in a nearby barn after seeing the weather radar. "Then we heard screams. We heard people just come running," Cummings told the AP.
Witnesses told WTHR that some of the injured were in a VIP section in front of the stage known as the "Sugar Pit." The witnesses said the dirt, dust, rain and wind came up the main thoroughfare
of the fairgrounds just before the collapse.
Sugarland tweeted about the incident about an hour after it happened.
"We are all right. We are praying for our fans, and the people of Indianapolis. We hope you'll join us. They need your strength," the band said.
REF:http://www.cbsnews.com/news/stage-collapse-kills-5-before-sugarland-concert/

This video from the Indianapolis State Fair grandstand stage collapse Aug 13, 2011 is
paired with the audio from Indianapolis State Fire emergency radio.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fe5HNtfTdGE
And finally, a horrific performance tragedy
On February 20, 2003, one-hundred people lost their lives and 230 were
injured in one of the deadliest nightclub fires in U.S. history.
The fire was caused by pyrotechnics that were set off as the band 'Great
White' began playing its opening song. The illegal indoor use of outside
fireworks, led to the igniting of highly flammable soundproofing foam in
the walls of the stage. Within 30 seconds of the fire starting, the entire
stage was engulfed.
Please be aware that the link below to a you tube video show real
footage of this incident and is very distressing to watch.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9NXCwSFKpE
TASK
Complete the table below to describe how each of these incidents may have been prevented:
EVENT
Riot at Funs n Roses concert
Death of fan at Lamb of God gig
Ceiling collapse at The Apollo Theatre
Death of two fans in stampede at Donnington Music Festival
Slipknot’s Sid Wilson breaks fan’s leg in crowd surfing stunt
Fire at The Station nightclub during a Great White gig in the U.S.A
PREVENTATIVE MEASURES
TASK
 Create risk assessments of our performance
venues within Swindon Academy:
-The School Hall
-The Live Lounge
 There are two stages to this task
-Research Task
-Site Visits
RISK ASSESSMENT-School Hall
RISK ASSESSMENT-The Live Lounge
Organisations in the Music Industry
(List one)
Venues and live performance
- small and medium local venues (spaces that range from pubs to clubs
and small theatres that host music regularly or as part of mixed arts
performances)
- large multi-use spaces (arenas, sports venues, outdoor spaces that host
touring productions linked to TV programmes, rock and pop acts, standup comedy, site-specific theatre, circuses, festivals)

Production and promotion
- recording companies (major and independent)
- music publishing (major companies, self-publishing)
- promoters (concert, club, festival)
- broadcasting (TV, radio, internet)
- marketing and distribution (online, high street stores, social media)

Organisations in the Music Industry
(List two)
Service companies and agencies
- royalty collection agencies (PRS for Music, MCPS, PPL licensing)
- artists’ representation (management, public relations, agents, stylists)
- hire companies (hire of sound and lighting equipment, rehearsal and
studio space)
- transport companies (to transport equipment and materials for
touring)

Unions
- the Musicians’ Union (MU) (union for musicians, composers,
instrumental teachers)
- Equity (union for actors, dancers and other performers)
- Broadcast Entertainment Cinematograph Theatre Union (BECTU)
(union for those working in production and/or technical roles.)

TASK
•
Create a list of different organisations from list one.
The list should contain:
-Organisation names
-Website address
Then give a brief description of each organisation (what do they do?)
ORGANISATIONS-Venues & live performance, Production & Promotion
ORGANISATIONS-Service Companies & Agencies, Unions
Task
& Grading Criteria

Create a PowerPoint presentation about Organisations within THE MUSIC INDUSTRY.
To achieve a pass for this assignment you must:
-Provide a brief description of the organisation and what its function is.
-How it can relate (is linked) to other areas of the Music Industry.

To achieve a merit for this assignment you must, in addition to Pass:
-Provide an explanation of the organisations role.
-How it relates (is linked) to other areas of the Music Industry.

To achieve a distinction for this assignment you must, in addition to Merit:
-Provide examples of how the organisation works with other areas of the industry.
-Draw conclusions on these relationships with supporting evidence (why are they important?
Why do they work together?)


Your information, where appropriate, can also include images as well as text. Video and
internet sites can also be used to aid the presentation provided they are short and concise. Any
information used that is not yours must be referenced, all text (unless a quote) must also be in
your own words. Submitting other peoples work as your own is plagiarism.
Venue business directory (1)
Group A – organisations that create, promote and
distribute music:
 Recording companies
 Music publishing companies
 Promoters
 Broadcasting, e.g. local and national networks
 Marketing and distribution
Venue business directory (2)
Group B – service companies and agencies:
 Royalty collection agencies
 Artists’ representation (managers, PR, agents, etc.)
 Hire companies, e.g. lighting, sound
 Transport companies
Venue business directory (3)
Group C – unions:
 Musicians’ union – www.musiciansunion.org.uk
 Equity – www.equity.org.uk
 Broadcasting, Entertainment, Cinematograph and
Theatre Union (BECTU) – www.bectu.org.uk
Job Roles in The
Music Industry
TASK
Research and collate as much useful information as you can about
TWO job roles in The Music Industry.
Useful information can be in the form of images, statistics, job
descriptions, working hours and environment, salary, good/bad things
about the job.
Collate the information and create a pamphlet/leaflet for
each job role.
Imagine these leaflets are to be distributed at a career fair.
The next slide has links to website which may be helpful for this task.
Some websites to help you get started…
 http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100413151441/co




nnexions-direct.com/jobs4u/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/1xtra/events/get_aheadaz.shtml
http://uk.music-jobs.com/jobtypes/job-descriptions.php
http://www.careersinmusic.co.uk/Description-Of-MusicIndustry-Roles.html
http://www.careersinmusic.com/music-jobs.aspx (Shows job
vacancies, may give an insight to a wide range of jobs and what
they entail)
Grading Criteria
To achieve a pass for this task you must for each job role:
-Provide a brief description of each job role.
To achieve a merit for this task you must for each job role, in
addition to Pass:
-Explain the job role with a list of what they are responsible for.
-A brief example of how the job could relate (link) to other job roles in the
Music Industry.
To achieve a distinction for this task you mustfor each job role, in
addition to Merit:
-Explain in detail how the job role relates to other in the Music Industry,
with specific examples.
JOB ROLE 1
JOB ROLE 2
How to get paid – invoices
• Before
•
•
Before you work, you will normally be contracted.
A contract is a legal relationship where one person, group or
organisation enters a formal relationship with another to complete
something.
• After
•
Once you have completed the job, you then produce an invoice to claim
your fee. An invoice is usually a single-page document.
Payment processes (1)
Payment processes (2)
Payment processes (3)
Preparing for the exam
• Don’t panic
•
•
•
Prepare well – YOU MUST BE REVISING
Keep calm
Be organised
• Practise:
•
•
•
multiple-choice questions
short and medium written answer questions
extended writing
• Argue your case
• Prove your point
• Convince the examiner
Multiple Choice Questions
‘Quiz show’ style questions.
 The correct answer will be one of the four on the paper.

e.g.
Q: What one job role is responsible for conducting an orchestra?
A: Performer
B: Record Producer
C: Musical Director
D: Sound Technician

These types of questions are worth one mark each. You should spend less
than a minute answering them
Short and Medium
Written Answer Questions

These will be questions that ask for more than one response in the form of a
sentence or paragraph.
e.g.
Q: Provide two reasons why a composer should copyright their music.
Some questions may have source material you need to read first before
answering the question (this could be information about a company, or provide
you with a brief to answer the questions about).

These types of questions will usually be worth multiple marks. You should
spend as many minutes per marks on the question. e.g. You should not spent
more than two minutes on a two mark question.
Extended Writing Questions




Argue your case
Prove your point
Convince the examiner
For arguments (for and against), providing a balanced argument with your reasons why will gain higher
marks.
Tips for creating an extended writing answer
1. PLAN
-What points you will make? Make a spider diagram or bullet point list of them.
-How will you structure the response? Order what points should be made in what
order
-How will you conclude your findings? This will form your conclusion at the end.
 2. BEGIN TO WRITE YOUR RESPONSE
-Check spelling and grammar as you create your response, and tick off your list as
you go through the points.
 3. RE-READ YOUR RESPONSE WHEN COMPLETE
-This is to check if there are any missing points, or any new ones you have thought
of.

REMEMBER
-You must always provide a conclusion
-You must always provide a balanced argument
-You must always provide prove your points…explain why
TASK HELPSHEET
Q: Evaluate whether it would be better to create a composition using live
musicians or a music sequencing package (such as Cubase or Reason).
BENEFITS
Benefits of live musicians
• atmosphere.
• sounds vibrant.
• sounds real.
• You can use their expertise and skills.
Benefits of sequencers:
• sounds modern.
• more control.
DISADVANTAGES
Disadvantages of live musicians:
• complexity, relying on musicians skill.
• players not attending.
• bookings and availability.
Disadvantages of sequencers:
• sounding electronic, un-real.
• overly complex, sequenced composition being
the
responsibility of the composer
• few others involved, may not be as original.
• Technical issues with software.
Extended Writing Question in timed exam conditions
YOU HAVE 15 MINS TO COMPLETE YOUR ANSWER
TASK
Q: Evaluate whether it would be better to create a composition using live
musicians or a music sequencing package (such as Cubase or Reason).
Extended Writing Question in timed exam conditions
YOU HAVE 10 MINUTES TO COMPLETE YOUR ANSWER
TASK
Q: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the following five methods of
breaking into the Music Industry:
Undertake an internship
Join a music agency
Attend networking events
Study for a music degree
Get discovered by uploading you music online
Extended Writing Question in timed exam conditions
YOU HAVE 8 MINS TO COMPLETE YOUR ANSWER
TASK
Q: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a recording manager
using volunteers in their workforce.
Examination Unit 1: The Music Industry
This is a 60 minute paper in full examination conditions
(no talking, conferring, using notes).
Advice:
-Answer every question, move on if you don’t know, guess if you still
don’t at the end.
-Use the two blank pages at the end of the paper to draft or plan any
responses.
For extended responses:
-Argue your case
-Prove your point
-Convince the examiner
Doctor Who on Ice
 Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme
produced by the BBC. The programme depicts the adventures
of the Doctor, a Time Lord—a time-travelling humanoid alien.
 The BBC is commissioning an Ice Skating show, featuring
famous scenes and characters from the Doctor Who Universe.
The show will be performed at arenas nationwide.
 The BBC wants a musical soundtrack to be created and
performed for the shows that uses elements of the Doctor Who
theme, as well as original music that suits the Doctor Who
Universe.
TASK
Questions 1-3
Q1. A composer will be needed to create the soundtrack.
Give two activities the composer will need to carry out.
Q2. A musical director will also be needed.
Give two activities the musical director will need to carry out with the composer.
Q3. Late in the production process, the BBC has decided that they want to change the theme of the show and
also want to add other characters and scenes from other BBC shows into the production. They are considering
adding scenes and characters from Eastenders and Dads Army.
The musical director feels that one solution to the problem is to use only the original theme songs for
Eastenders and Dads Army and arrange them to fit with Doctor Who, rather than create new original
soundtracks.
Explain two implications of this solution for the composer.
TASK
Questions 4-5
Q4. As the production has been very successful nationwide, the BBC also now decided to release a
soundtrack of the production by CD to retail and MP3 on online stores.
A distributer will be required for the soundtrack.
Give two activities the distribution company would carry out.
Q5. During the recording process, it has become apparent that the entire soundtrack will not fit onto one
CD. To save money the BBC has decided to have the soundtrack cut and edited to fit on one CD, rather
than release the soundtrack on two.
Explain two implications of this solution for the Musical Director, Composer and Record Producer.