Diabetes Mellitus
For high school and college students
By
Emily Freedman
A disease that disrupts normal metabolism,
interfering with cells’ ability to take in glucose
for energy production
Statistics
7th leading cause of death in the United States
In the next 24 hours, diabetes will claim the
lives of 200 people.
That's 1,400 friends, neighbors, co-workers or
family members a week
Statistics Continued
Managed by keeping blood sugar at safe levels
through diet, exercise, and medication if needed
National cost of diagnosed diabetes is an estimated
246 billion
26 million Americans have one of the two major
types of diabetes
Statistics Continued
1 in 3 people will have diabetes by 2050
79 million Americans have pre-diabetes
What is diabetes?
Involves the production of the hormone insulin by
the pancreas
Normal metabolism: pancreas secretes insulin which
stimulates cells to take up blood sugar
In Diabetes: process is disrupted causing a build up
of glucose in the bloodstream
Type 1 (previously known
as juvenile diabetes)
5-10% of Americans have this; begins in childhood or
adolescence- not related to obesity
Body’s immune system destroys insulin producing
cells in the pancreas
Body is unable to produce it’s own insulin
Type 2 Diabetes
Pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin or the cells
are resistant to insulin
Develops slowly
25% of Americans are unaware of their condition
Type 2 Continued
90% of people are overweight when diagnosed
90% of cases could have been prevented if regular
physical activity, moderate dieting and weight lost
were adopted into the lifestyles of the individuals
Gestational
Occurs in 7% of women
during pregnancy
Usually disappears after
pregnancy, but half of
women will develop
type 2 diabetes
Pre-diabetes
Blood sugar levels are higher than normal but
not high enough for a diagnosis of full blown
diabetes
57 million Americans have pre-diabetes
Signs and Symptoms
frequent urination
extreme hunger/thirst
unexplained weight loss
extreme fatigue
Signs and Symptoms
blurred vision
frequent infections
tingling/numbness in hands/feet
generalized itching with no rash
Complications
kidney failure
nerve damage
circulation
problems/amputations
Complications Continued
blindness
increased rates of heart
attack
stroke
hypertension
The Goal of Healthy
People 20/20
To Reduce the disease of Diabetes Mellitus
Reduce economic burden
Improve the quality of life for all persons that
have, or are at risk of having diabetes.
The Nation’s Objective
Reduce the annual number of new cases in the
population
Reduce the death rate among persons with diabetes
Reduce the rate of amputations
Objective Continued
Improve glycemic and lipid control
Reduce the death rate among people with
diabetes
Increase the proportion of persons with
diagnosed diabetes who receive formal
diabetes education
Meeting the Objective
Amount of people diagnosed has decreased
The death rate has decreased
Amputation rate is half of what it was in 1997
The amount of diagnosed people who receive
education on diabetes has increased
To Address the Problem...
You can prevent or delay the onset of type 2
diabetes through a healthy lifestyle.
Prevention
Change your diet
increase your level of physical activity, eat healthy, and
maintain a healthy weight
Helps minimize high blood pressure and blood
cholesterol
Works Cited
http://healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/o
bjectiveslist.aspx?topicId=8
http://www.diabetesadvocacyalliance.org/html/activit
ies_support_for_healthy_people.html
http://www.stopdiabetes.com/