The Emergence of the
European State System
Chapter 17
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I. Absolutism in France

A. The Rule of Louis XIV
 Bishop Bossuet
 Absolutism
1. Versailles
 “Sun King”
Domestication of the aristocracy
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I. Absolutism in France
A. The Rule of Louis XIV - Paris and Versailles
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I. Absolutism in France
B. Government
Control over:
 Military
 Law
 Revenue
1. The King’s Dual Functions



King in council
King in court
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I. Absolutism in France
B. Government
2. Competing Ministers


Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Marquis de Louvois
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I. Absolutism in France
C. Foreign Policy


Goals:
 Expand France’s frontiers
 Assert French superiority
 Glory
Balance of power

War with Dutch
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I. Absolutism in France
C. Foreign Policy
1. Louis versus Europe


William III
Leopold
2. The War of Spanish Succession



Philip
Grand Alliance
Peace of Utrecht
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Map 17.1A The Wars of Louis XIV
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Map 17.1B
The Wars of Louis XIV
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I. Absolutism in France
D. Domestic Policy
1. Control and Reform
 Revocation of Edict of Nantes
 Jansenism
 Parlement of Paris
 Colbert
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I. Absolutism in France
E. The End of an Era
F. France after Louis XIV
Duke of Orléans
 John Law
1. Louis XV and Fleury
2. Political Problems

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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
A. The Habsburgs at Vienna
Leopold I
Schönbrunn
1. Government Policy


Privy Council
Charles, Duke of Lorraine, and siege of
Vienna
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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
A. The Habsburgs at Vienna
2. Eugène and Austria’s Military Success
3. The Power of the Nobility
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Map 17.2 The Austrian Empire,
1657-1718
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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
B. The Hohenzollerns at Berlin
Brandenburg-Prussia
 Frederick William the Great Elector
1. Foreign Policy
2. Domestic Policy
 War Chest
 War commissars

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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
B. The Hohenzollerns at Berlin
3. The Junkers
4. Frederick III
 Berlin
 War of the Spanish Succession
 “King in Prussia”
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Map 17.3 Conflict In The Baltic Area,
1660-1721
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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
C. Rivalry and State Building

International rivalry vs. internal
development
D. The Prussia of Frederick William I
1. Emphasis on the Military

General Directory of Finance, War, and
Domains
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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
E. Frederick the Great
1. Frederick’s Absolutism
 “Enlightened” absolutist
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Map 17.5 Prussia And The Austrian
Empire, 1721-1772
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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
F. The Hapsburg Empire
1. International Rivalry


Charles VI
Pragmatic Sanction
2. The War of Austrian Succession

Silesia
3. Maria Theresa
4. Reform in Church and State
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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
G. Habsburgs and Bourbons at Madrid
Charles II
 War of the Spanish Succession
1. Bourbon Spain



Count Pedro de Campomanes
Jesuits
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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
H. Peter the Great at St. Petersburg
1. Peter’s Fierce Absolutism
2. Western Models
3. Bureaucratization
4. The Imposition of Social Order
5. The Subjugation of the Nobility
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II. Other Patterns of Absolutism
E. Peter the Great at St. Petersburg
6. Control of the Church
7. Military Expansion

Poltava
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Map 17.4 The Expansion of Russia and
the Partition of Poland
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III. Alternatives to Absolutism
A. Aristocracy in the United Provinces,
Sweden, and Poland
Antonius Heinsius
1. Dutch Society
2. Sweden
 Charles XII
 Queen Ulrika
3. Poland


John III
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III. Alternatives to Absolutism
B. The Triumph of the Gentry in England

Charles II
1. The Gentry and Parliament
2. The Succession
 James II
3. William and Mary
 Bill of Rights
 Act of Toleration
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III. Alternatives to Absolutism
C. Politics and Prosperity
1. Party Conflict
 Whigs
 Tories
 Queen Anne
 George I of Hanover
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III. Alternatives to Absolutism
C. Politics and Prosperity
2. The Sea and the Economy
 Great Britain
 Bank of England
3. English Society
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III. Alternatives to Absolutism
D. The Growth of Stability
“Political nation”
1. War and Taxes
2. The Age of Walpole
 George I
 George II
 South Sea Bubble
 “Cabinet”
3. Commercial Interests

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III. Alternatives to Absolutism
E. Contrasts in Political Thought
1. Hobbes
2. Leviathan


“State of nature”
Social contract
3. Locke

Tabula rasa
4. Of Civil Government


Inalienable rights: life, liberty, property
Defend individual against the state
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IV. The International System
A. Diplomacy and Warfare
Dynastic politics
1. “Balance of Power” and the Diplomatic
System

B. Armies and Navies
1. Tactics and Discipline
2. Officers
3. Weak Alliances
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IV. The International System
C. The Seven Years’ War
Diplomatic revolution
 Convention of Westminster
1. The Course of War


Peter III
2. Peace

Peace of Hubertusburg
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