CRUSADES – Thursday, 1/24/13
• Evaluate the effects of the Crusades &
hold a brief discussion/debate on
whether or not the Crusades were
worth fighting!
• Introduce the Power of Kings
• Role play the conflict between the Pope
& King
• Read p. 416 & complete the notes on p.
7 of the packet
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades
CRUSADE
FIRST CRUSADE
WHO?
Christian Pilgrims &
Crusaders
WHAT?
WHEN?
Crusaders captured
Jerusalem.
1096- 1099
To unite Christians,
win back the Holy
Land, help pilgrims,
and for adventure
Several victories for
Muslims
1147-1149
Muslims continued to
attack the Crusader
states
Muslims controlled
the Holy Land, but let
pilgrims travel there
1187
Richard wanted to
take the Holy Land
back from Saladin
Crusaders attacked
and burned buildings
in Constantinople and
stole precious
treasures
1201-1204
Christian leaders
were not satisfied ;
they forgot who their
enemy was
Seljuk Turks,
Pope Urban II
Pope Eugene,
SECOND CRUSADE
European Kings,
Crusaders, Muslims
Saladin,
THIRD CRUSADE
King Richard the
Lionhearted
Crusaders,
FOURTH CRUSADE
Byzantine Christians
Crusaders, Muslims
OTHER CRUSADES
WHY?
Horrible acts were
Next 200 years
committed, Muslims
held the Holy land in
the end, hatred
remained, but new
knowledge was gained
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades
The lands were going
back and forth
between Christians
and Muslims
Read over the list of (some of the) effects of the Crusades. For each one, decide if it
is a – (negative) or + (positive) effect (or neither) Then, evaluate the list and
decide whether or not the Crusades should have taken place. Use this
information in your chart!
•1) Trade expanded
9)
Europeans learned more about
medicine, math, and technology
from the Muslims
10)
Christianity spread to regions
where other religions were
previously practiced
11)
Thousands of feudal lords were
killed while monarchs (kings and
queens) gained power
•2) Many Peasants and knights left their
manors for good
•3) Cities & towns grew
•4) Luxury goods (rugs, silk, spices,
and pearls) were brought to Europe
•5) Constantinople was destroyed
•6) New weaponry (hand grenades,
flame throwers, longbows, and
eventually gunpowder for cannons and
handguns) was learned
12) The use of money increased
•7) Europeans learned how to make
better ships and maps for exploration
13) The Jewish population in the East
and West decreased when
Crusaders attacked them & their
towns
•8) Poetry and music grew which
helped chivalry to develop
14) The Christians failed to capture the
Holy Land.
Ch. 14 Section 4
The Power of Kings
Mrs. Becknell
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
In modern-day GERMANY…
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Do Now! 
• In the space at the bottom of p. 7,
draw a cartoon showing the conflict
between King Henry IV and Pope
Gregory VII!
• -Refer to p. 416 if you don’t remember!
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Monday, 1/28/13
• Finish presenting projects
• Review how the Power of Kings grew in
Germany (pictures on p. 7)
• Read p. 416 & complete the notes on p.
7 of the packet
• Introduce King John of England
• Hw: Read p. 418 in text & complete
notes on p. 8 of packet
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades
1. King Henry IV of Germany appointed friends of his as
bishops to be his advisors
2. Pope Gregory VII issued a document stating that the pope
was above kings and only the pope could appoint cardinals
and bishops.
3. King Henry IV of Germany was offended by the Pope’s
letter and the king asked the pope to step down from his
office
4. Pope Gregory refused to step down
and instead he announced the
excommunication of Henry.
5. King Henry looked for support from his people, but he
found little. He had to give in to the pope.
6. Henry traveled to Italy barefoot during the winter to
present himself to the pope as a beggar. He waited
outside in the snow for three days before the
excommunication was cancelled.
7. King Henry was not satisfied. He raised an army and
ordered them to invade Italy. In 1084, they sent Gregory
into exile and replaced him with a new pope.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
1. Henry IV of Germany
1. Henry fought with
Pope Gregory VII
over the power to
choose bishops. In
the end, Henry
invaded Italy and
replaced the Pope.
Henry was crowned
emperor of the Holy
Roman Empire.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
2. Pope Gregory VII
2. Gregory
excommunicated
Henry IV, but then
forgave him, only to
be sent into exile
when Henry invaded
Italy. Gregory died
one year later.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
4.
4. Reasons Feudalism
Declined:
• As towns and trade
grew, towns made
money.
•Kings supported and
protected towns with
laws in exchange for
money.
•Kings then used the
money to raise armies
which attacked the
weakened nobles.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Nation
A community of
people that shares
territory, government,
language, and
culture.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
What is nation
building?
process of combining
smaller communities
into a single nation
with a national
identity and a
national government.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Homework
• Read p. 418 in the text to find out more
about “Bad King John”
• Complete the notes on p. 8 of the packet!
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Tuesday, 1/29/13
• If needed, finish presenting projects
• Take/ Review notes on the decline of
Feudalism & start of NATIONS (p.7)
• Role play the back story of King John
of England
• Review notes on p. 8
• Hw: “A Nation is Born” worksheet
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades
In modern-day ENGLAND…
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Norman Conquest
•In 1066, William of
Normandy, (Duke
from France)
conquered England
and made it into a
NATION
•This continued to
increase the power of
kings
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
King John led England into losing wars and higher
taxes. He lost all of his land in the north of France. He
also had a disagreement with the Pope. As a result, the
Church turned their back to the people of England and
John was VERY UNPOPULAR!
Many lords renounced their loyalty to King John
and forced him to sign the Magna Carta.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
How did the Magna
Carta help unite
England?
It gave more power to
the Great Council- This
later became known as
the Model Parliament,
which was made up of
all types of people.
Now that the people
had a say, they were
more likely to support
their country (and
King!)
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Wednesday, 1/30/13
• Review homework (ws)/ p. 8 notes
• With 3:00 partners, Read the short
story, “Bad King John,” in the Nextext
books, p. 102-111
• When you’ve finished, answer the
questions on p. 9 of your packet
• Introduce the story of France in the
Hundred Years War
• Hw: Finish p. 10 of the packet (need
Text!)
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades
p. 9- “Bad King John”
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1. Henry II
2. He wasn’t supposed to get land
3. Richard the Lionhearted
4. He wanted to rule on his own
5. The Magna Carta
6. King John
7. What would YOU have done if you
were Richard?
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades
In modern-day FRANCE…
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
France & England:
Use the map to answer the q’s
1. Was Paris held by France
or England?
2. Name two regions that were
held by England.
3. What bordered France to
the East?
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
In modern-day FRANCE…
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Hundred Years’ War:
One long series of
clashes between
England and France
from 1337 to 1453.
(116 years)
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Three causes of the
war:
1) England and France argued
over who would be the next ruler
of France (England wanted King
Edward III, the great-great
grandson of Eleanor of Aquitaine,
while France wanted Philip VI,
who was a cousin of the
deceased French king, Charles
IV). Edward III was the current
King of England; if he won,
England & France would unite.
2) Both wanted control of the
English Channel
3)Both wanted to control trade in
France and reap its wealth
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Homework
• Read p. 419 & 420 to find out more about
what happened in the Hundred Years War
and what the effects of it were!
• Finish the note sheet, p. 10 of your packet
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Thursday, 1/31/13
• Review homework, p. 10, on the Hundred
Years War
• View an animated video on Joan’s role in
the Hundred Years War.
• Read about Joan of Arc
• Based on the video & reading, fill in the
crossword puzzle on Joan of Arc.
• Hw: Complete the open-note QUIZ on p. 11
of your packet. Worth 10 pts!
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades
Hundred Years’ War:
One long series of
clashes between
England and France
from 1337 to 1453.
(116 years)
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Three causes of the
war:
1) England and France argued
over who would be the next ruler
of France (England wanted King
Edward III, the great-great
grandson of Eleanor of Aquitaine,
while France wanted Philip VI,
who was a cousin of the
deceased French king, Charles
IV). Edward III was the current
King of England; if he won,
England & France would unite.
2) Both wanted control of the
English Channel
3)Both wanted to control trade in
France and reap its wealth
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Battle of Orleans
• In 1429, Joan of Arc took
control of French forces and
helped the French to defeat
England at the Battle of
Orleans.
•This was a key turning point in
the Hundred Years War
because the French were now
inspired and continued to have
victories in other battles
• Joan, however, was taken
prisoner by the English,
accused of witchcraft, found
guilty, and burned at the stake.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
New Weapons were
used in the
Hundred Years War
• Long Bows
• Cannons
• Armored knights and
medieval castles were
no match for the new
firepower. Foot soldiers
became more important,
leading to the growth of
modern armies.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Explain four effects
of the Hundred
Years’ War:
1)New weapons were
developed, which increased
the importance of soldiers
2) Helped set the modern
boundaries for England &
France
3) Gave Kings & Parliament
more power
4) Inspired feelings of
Nationalism, leading to
exploration of distant lands
for further conquest
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Growing Power of
Kings
Europe was now
becoming a continent
of NATIONS;
Kings of nations
looked to distant
lands for trade &
conquest!
These nations,( like
England and France),
would soon rule much
of the world!
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Joan of Arc
• Because she helped France
officially become an
independent NATION, Joan of
Arc is honored by the French.
In fact, she was even named a
saint!
• Watch the video on Joan!
• Complete the crossword puzzle
as you watch. Use the reading
on the back side too.
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Homework
• Complete the open note quiz on p. 11 of
your packet (based on 14.3 & 14.4)
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Friday, 2/1/13
• Make sure your name is on p. 11! Turn this
page in!
• Go over the open note quizzes.
• Finish “Joan of Arc” and review the
crossword.
• Make predictions about the Renaissance on
p. 12 of the packet.
• Introduce THE RENAISSANCE by watching
a music video!
• Read the handout on the Renaissance &
respond to the questions.
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades
Quiz - p. 11
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1) A. Christians & Muslims
2) B. Saladin
3) D. Muslims
4) Bishops
5) Armies
6) Nations
7) Norman Conquest
8) Taxed
9) Magna Carta
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
10) Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc
Across
4) Joan of Arc
7) Heavenly
8) Heir
9) England
10) Saint
Down
1)Army
2)Hope
3)Siege
5) Orleans
6) Charles VII
Chapter 14.4 The Power of Kings
Friday, 2/1/13
• Make about the Renaissance on p. 12 of the
packet.
• Introduce THE RENAISSANCE by watching
a music video!
• Read the handout on the Renaissance
Chapter 14 Lesson 3
The Crusades