Table of Contents
Conflicting Discourses
• Rosenblatt: No screen
student interaction with
literature. In order to stimulate
student curiosity and to allow
the book to have direct
meaning to the individual,
Rosenblatt says that we
should place no "screen"
between student and book by
imposing the teacher's point of
view and critical attitude
toward literature.
(Clift, Meng, & Eggerding,
1992)
• Current Views
... I inadvertently pointed out a
dichotomy between Vacca's
Content Area Reading ... and
Rosenblatt.
between soap operas and
Master's view of small town
life. I responded, at the time,
that I wanted students to
discover Master's vision on
their own and that I didn't think
the text was so difficult that
they couldn't easily discover
his "themes."
• Professor’s Response
my remarks in class as
contrary to the ideas
presented in Vacca. As a
class we could not really
reconcile this seeming
dichotomy.
should discuss the seeming
contradictions between
Rosenblatt and current
notions (my emphasis) about
preparing kids to read by
supplying a "set" or "frame."
Theoretical! Practical! Just
when I think I'm getting a
handle on a workable
philosophy, someone else tells
me the ideas aren't "current."
Zero-G Messages
• Magnet Shoes
From: UIUCED2![student
account]
Dear NASA,
if you put them in shoes. We
are working on ways to move
around in the halls of a zero
gravity space station. Please
let me know if you have done
any work with magnets in
space.
Thank you.
[student's name]
P.S. I am a Sophomore at
[school name] in Champaign
Illinois.
• Scientist Response
Date:
Thu, 3 Oct 1991
9:17:30 CDT
From: [scientist's
account]@vf.jsc.nasa.gov
Subject: magnetic shoes
To: zerog@cogsci.uiuc.edu
In theory magnetic shoes will
work, however, there are a
few problems that need to be
considered.
constructed mostly out of
aluminum alloys. In order for
magnets to work thin metal
plates would have to be
installed whereever people will
be putting their feet.
fun place to work. While
floating crewmembers would
have to be very careful to
keep their magnetic shoes
away from things like
magnetic disks and sensitive
equipment.
equipment just about
everywhere, even in the
nodes. This is because the
modules are so expensive that
all space must be utilized.
Thus halls and corridors will
double as work places.
[scientist's name]
ENFI Examples
• Academic Essay
broken bones, burns, or
internal injuries by their
parents or caretakers. Child
abuse has become one of our
major social problems in the
United States, It often occurs
in the presence of three
factors ...
There are five needs parents
must be able to meet ...
• Personal Writing
today. First, I would like to get
my opinion of the Daily out of
the way. This is because of
the Daily’s premature printing
• Adopting ENFI
of Michael Olineck’s articel
without a response to it. The
paper and it’s one sided view
on alot of articles it writes is
extremely bad, and the
University should do
something about it.
the class are becoming more
apparent . . . I'm getting
nervous and I feel responsible
to give them . . . more
coaching. I don't want to use
ENFI as a way to coach them
about how to write their
essays. (Doug, 11-1-88)
course objectives]. I always
feel guilty about wasting or
using class time that isn't
immediately somehow helping
them to write essays, to
perform for the standards of
the test. (Doug, 12-12-88)
thing that is sort of shaping it.
It's the big monster that's
lurking in the shadows, that
terrifies everyone, including
me. (Doug, 11-1-88)
• Phony Writing
without accompanying talk
and found the results
constrained and rather
disappointing. (Diane, quoted
in Horowitz & Peyton, 1988)
It seems phony. Why should I
write to them if I can talk to
them? (Diane, 4-20-88)
all messages be in writing.
Artificial constraints on the
practical use of spoken
language do not inspire
students to put much effort
into message writing when it
seems more reasonable to
speak aloud. (Thompson,
1988a).
• Real Communication with ENFI
rehearsing for something else
which is not real. . . . ENFI
communication . . . is
absolutely
• The
Exit Exam urgent and they
feel the urgency. Their ego is
at stake. They want to assert
themselves. They want to
function within this little social
context. (Doug, 9-1-88)
powerful communication tool,
that lets students talk to each
other, swear at each other,
insult each other, . . . and say,
"you're going to write an essay
. . . you're going to write an
introduction . . . that's not the
way people communicate . . .
the essay is too controlled and
structured. (Doug, 9-1-88)
Room Texts
• My Room Looks Like..., by Tanika
big rocking chair that I sit in
and rock in. It's made of
wood. I like my bed. It's not
too small and not too big. And
• Half Room, by Cornelius
I have a nice spread to go on
it. My room is also like a
square. I like it very much. I
put my toys in a toy box near
a window. I have a stereo.
It's gray and white. I like that
too. I have one closet with a
me. So when he is asleep I
do it back. And one day he
broke my cartridge for my
Nintendo. It was Cold Trojan.
• My Room, by Anna
I was mad. Then I gave away
his Defender to my friend
Bobby. He was crying. I was
laughing at him. He said he
wanted to box me and if he
won he would get his
Defender back and if I win his
you will probably see my desk.
It is all full of junk. Then'll see
my sister's typewriter. And if
you fall on the floor, blame my
• My Room, by Scott
sister. If you see my
computer, it is kind of neat.
My sister thinks she owns the
room. And one more thing. I
always end up cleaning it and
that's not fair.
bed, a shelf, and a toy box.
My windows are large. My
bed is small. My shelf is
regular and my toy box has
toys to play with.
with play. I sleep in a sleeping
bag cosey and tight. My
shelves have books to read at
night. My feet get cold when I
have no socks because I don't
have a rug to keep me nice
and snug. My floor is cold
because it's linoleum but it is
fun to sleep on.
we all sleep on the floor but it
stays nice and hot because
we live on the second floor.
One night my bed broke and I
woke right up. I have fun in
my room. Tha'ts why I like it!!!
THE END
• My Room, by Johnny
(because I share my room). I
also have two bunk beds and
a Royal Blue carpet over a
wooden floor. I have a brown
drawer. I have two sleeping
bags above my bed. I sleep
on the top bunk bed. I have a
big brown desk with a brown
layer. I have a nintendo with a
T.V. cable.
THE END
• The Clean Room, by Kathyr
desk from when he was little.
I have a long dresser and a
short one. There is a big
mirror. I have a closet full of
clothes. My room is a mess a
lot. And on my walls are
pictures of cats.
of books. And my chest is full
of dress-ups. My walls are
pink and purple. My floor is
wood. I have two doors in my
room. I have a computer in
my room.
Now you heard about what's
in it. Now look up at the
picture.
• My Room, by Jason
humidifier. I have a huge
light. I have a yellow carpet
that's very soft. I have sports
posters hanging on my walls.
• My Room, by Filipa
I have a radiator that's real
hot. My walls are white and
there's just one wall that's
wood. The glass is up high.
It's thick. There's four squares
in three rows. I think it's for
decoration.
set of drawers. There is a pile
of stuffed animals between the
bureau and the desk. I also
have a bookcase filled with
books. I have a furnace and
closet. There is a long drawer
under my bed. My room has a
rug. My sister hangs posters
over her bed. Sometimes my
room is messy. My room is
painted light pink. My window
THE END
• What My Room Looks Like, By
Amber
it is bright and pretty. It has
toys, games, puzzles, and
shelves. My bed has a futton
mattress. My ceilings are
medium to high. My room is
cold most of the time because
something's the matter with
the heat.
I have a wooden desk but I
don't do homework on it. On
my shelves I keep games,
puzzles, and books. I keep
things like barbie dolls in my
crates. I have a brown carpet
in my room.
And if you haven't noticed
already, I hate to clean my
room!
THE END
• Dirty Room, by Nicholas
Under my bed there are
games like Rebound, Power
Play Hockey. I have a big
wooden desk. There is a
lamp to see with. I have a
bureau with clothes and
games on it.
I have some sports equipment
in my room. My room is small.
There is a colorful rug in my
room. I have posters in my
• My Room, by Aaron
room.
My room has platformbunkbeds. It's really hot with
a basement under it. There's
toys all around plus there's an
Atari 52 hundred in it.
sitting there watching
television. There's a stupid
looking ceiling with bumps on
it. I also have 3 windows,
lizards for pets, a closet and
there's only paint on the
ceiling.
and looking at my baseball
cards on my bed -- and I
guess the lizards. My mother
always cleans it when I'm in
school, so when I get there it's
really clearn.
any time my bother follows
me. I hate that! When or
wherever I look, he's always
there. I never play Atari with
• What I Have in My Room, by Todd
or with toys, so I always go up
stairs and play nintendo.
Nintendo. That is a video.
You can play video games on
it. What I have for Nintendo is
Mike Tyson Punch Out, The
• My Clean Room, by Jasmin
Legend of Zelda, Super Mireo
Brothers, Kung Fu, Excick
Bike. Those are the games I
have. I have a computer. I
have a TV in my room.
room. My room is clean but
sometimes my mother has to
come in my room and has to
up. My
room is not so
• clean
Fresh Room,
by Javon
messy. My mother hates a
messy room. I hate when my
mother tells me and my sister
to clean up our room but when
she doesn't clean up her
room.
lots of Bon Jovi posters on my
wall. I like my room because I
keep it very clean. I like my
room so much I had to buy a
vcp for it. My room is not so
fresh, because I have to keep
my Nintendo downstairs. The
only thing I like about my room
is that it's quiet in it. My room
is fresh because it has a
THE END
• My Clean Room, by Felicia
don't clean my room, my sister
will. I hate that I have to share
a room with my sister. My
sister thinks she owns the
room. But she does not own
the room. I even have to share
a TV. I hate that. The color of
my room is baby blue and
pink. I have games like
Monster Mash, Chest, and
Barbie dolls. I have talking
Alternate Purposes
• Mailbag Assignments
in complete control. I never
made any mailbag
assignments. Students could
it or not,
•use
Volleyball
Mail decide what they
would say, to whom, when,
how often, and why. [Bonnie,
Shungnak]
Dear Alice,
volleyball after school we can
but first I have to clean up at
our house first ok. We will
play almost all day. You oue
me a can of pop because you
promised if you were late.
With love
Wanda
• Mailbag Form
when the students were
sending messages back and
forth between themselves...I
saw this program as a fluency
• Mailbag Disuse
activity. If the receiver of the
message understood it, it
served its purpose in my eyes.
•
I was disappointed, then
pleased. The students had
learned that there were
Notesappropriate forms of
communication for specific
needs.
someone in the class and
have their name as the return
address. They know that I do
read
their notes and that
• not
Mailbag
Flags
anything goes (and it probably
does). This activity is done in
silence with myself as the
mailperson and usually lasts
anywhere from five to fifteen
minutes. [Alexander,
well. We each wrote our
computer code name on a
library book card pocket, and
glued the pockets to a piece of
• Solving Problems: Student-> Teacher
poster board. The poster
board was then hung on the
wall behind the computers.
Another pocket was added to
hold slips of red paper. When
a student left a message on
MAILBAG for White Knight, he
Bathroom
Marlowe B.
off the radiator. If people keep
messing up the bathroom,
Ducky [the janitor] said that
she was
goingTeacher
to close
• Solving
Problems:
-> the
Student
bathroom
until we learn not to
write in it. And there's been
plenty of noise in there. If we
don't have to go to the
bathroom, don't go in.
Dear Pee Wee,
bathroom. I feel sorry for the
girls who are messing it up.
They must be a little "messed
themselves.
• up"
Confidential
Chat 1 When I see
Ducky, I'll try to remember to
tell her what you said. -Dr. A.
Dear Classy Computer Kids,
last one in line to take a
shower. By then, there's
usually no more hot water and
not too much time for me to
wash behind my ears! It's a
horrible way to start a day.
What can I do to solve this
problem?
Cold, late, and dirty,
I. Needabath
• Confidential Chat 2
Dear I. Needabath,
you have to go to the
bathroom. Then they should
let you go before they take a
shower. Quickly lock the door
and take your shower. You
will have enough of time to
wash behind your ears.
Sneaky and Desparate,
Kerry N. and Jenny B.
• Loneliness
began writing him [MAILBAG]
letters telling how much they
liked him and that they wanted
be his
friends.
There is no
• to
Finding
Friends
1
way to describe the face of
this handsome, brown-eyed
boy as he read these notes,
frequently slipped into his
desk anonymously. He sat
near me for obvious reasons
Calling All Men
Sheila Forsythe
Jones
Althea
Hi,
and Althea Jones. We're both
14 and stuck in a small town
in Alaska called McGrath. We
have a pretty big problem and
we hope that you guys will
help us out. We have a very
short supply of foxy dudes
here. So if you are a total fine
babe PLEASE I repeat
PLEASE write us!!!
Keywords: /McGrath/Male
Order Men/
• Finding Friends 2
Good Looking Juneau Boys
Two Holy Cross Girls Josie
and Evelyn
boys would write to us. We
don't have any boyfriends. So
you don't have to worry about
that! We also would like you
to send a picture when you
write. (You are going to write
aren't you?) We will send you
a picture too. Josie is 14, and
Evelyn is 13. Well, please
write soon! We are waiting for
your letters!!!
xxx
xxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxx
x
WE SEND YOU OUR
HEARTS!
SINCERELY, JOSIE AND
EVELYN
Keywords: /Juneau Boys/H.c.r
Girls/
• SuperMail
Telida and the most recent
messages on the disk were
from cousins and playmates
upriver. This connection
made the notion of sending
hellos to strangers Outside
seem less threatening.
Revision => Editing
• Teachers’ Beliefs about Writing
type them myself after school.
When I did this, I took great
pains to type them EXACTLY
as written. (That ain't easy
when you've been an oldfashioned English teacher as
long as I have!) [Wilma]
teaching of writing...If the
children spent time writing
their spelling words ten times
then I felt that I had done
writing for that day....I thought
that the entire writing process
consisted of assigning a task,
having the students write
about it, neatly of course, then
hand it in to be corrected.
[Ernie]
• Parents’ Beliefs about Writing
with the parent and explained
how I planned to teach writing
and the whole concept of
andthe
correctness
•form,
Focus fluency
on Perfecting
Product
and while she said she
understood, from time to time
she would still comment on
how her daughter needs to
work more on grammar and
spelling. [Ernie]
They do so without fear.. Their
typing skills are slow, but they
are seeing and correcting
many errors automatically as
• Free writing => edit later
they see them on the screen,
but are still getting all their
ideas down as they want.
[Syd]
draft," don't worry about
spelling, sentences, capital
letters, etc. means they can
write ideas. No one is going
• Student Control
to get on them for forgetting to
indent a paragraph. They
write willingly and fluently.
[Syd]
details, pronoun and verb
agreement. These are things
I had never gotten to when
teaching out of the grammar
• Equity with limited resources
book the year before, and if I
had, I'm sure it wouldn't have
meant much to the students.
But now we were talking about
THEIR writing. It was
personal. They owned the
problems, and it was up to
week and even ended up with
lots of extra spaces so many
times they could get a second
turn at it...The technicalities of
setting up a space for the
computer to be the least
disturbing but at the same
time most accessible by me
for assistance required trial
and error. [Syd]
•
rewrite and editing on paper
before entering it on the
computer. They then edited
again
a partner and
Writing
forwith
an Audience
printed out the results.
[Wilma]
a moose and a wolf
john paul nikolai
Moose and a Wolf. The Wolf
tried to kill the Moose But It
Was a Bull Moose. But It Was
Three Wolves And By The
Time When It Was April The
Moose Was Dead.
"I can understand this now,
but there are still some
mistakes with capital letters.
Do you want me to help you
fix them before we put it in the
paper?" He said cheerfully,
"No, it's o.k. like that." Joe
had by that time been chosen
as student editor, and he
agreed with John Paul, so it
went into the newspaper just
Changes in the Writing
Process
• [Margaret's final draft]
Black History Show
I liked the Black History show
because I was surprised to
see the little and big children
singing so well, and clearly.
The best acts were Mrs.
Martin's and Miss Simpson's
classes. The songs were nice
and the people on stage
weren't scared.
+ Mr. Anderson's class.
Everyone messed up and
forgot what to say, and they
didn't speak clearly. They
could have at least practiced
more.
he was great on the stage.
When the Glee-club was
singing so nice, Marines got
very jealous and asked Mrs.
Evens to be in the Glee-Club.
But when Mrs. Evens said no
she wrote bad things about
the Glee-Club on the
computer up-stairs.
But I really liked the Black
History show. I gave it 3 stars
because it was very good.
• [Margaret's first draft]
Black History Show
Mr. Agosto's + Mr. Anderson's
class. Everybody messed up
and forgot what to say, and
they didn't
speak clearly.
• [Marines's
first draft]
They could have at least
practiced more. The scenery
was pretty good, and the light
was bright enough, but the
sound was not that good. Mr.
Hodges was speaking very
Black History Show
wasn't a big success. I only
liked it in some parts. I tell
you, some acts were really
awful! I don't think other
people agree with me, but
that's my choice.
Jackson's class sang. It was
"What Color is God's Skin?"
They were really organized,
they sang out loud. It was as
if they weren't shy, they were
all singing.
and Mr. Agosto's class. It was
"Famous Black People." They
didn't memorize their parts.
They messed up in the
morning and in the afternoon
shows.
The scenery was very good it
was excellent but the lighting
was a little dull. The sound
was awful in some acts but in
others it was good.
the Glee Club, they were
almost all weak. The
audience couldn't hear them.
They sounded soft then they
went loud. It was a disaster!
Mr. Hodges was excellent. He
dressed up very nice and of
course spoke loud.
If I was directing this show, I'd
give this show two stars.
Email Community
• San Diego <-> Shungnak
fast. Sandra is pretty. She
runs fast, she has brown hair
and she is not fat. She is not
She
is not black, she
• skinny.
Guaranteed
audience
is not white. she has big
hands and she has white
teeth. She is tall and she has
pretty clothes. How many
jackets do you wear? Is it
snowing in Alaska? Is there
out the best system for doing
this and for awhile it was fun
and interesting. However,
after about two months of
endless courier service, it got
to be quite boring so I taught
Mom how to do it, and from
then on she got to take care of
all the messages that needed
to be transferred
throw this computer out of the
window! I have been here at
school for almost three hours
trying to copy my mailbox to a
file so I can keep them....If you
heard a loud scream Sunday
night about midnight, it didn't
work!
frustration and exasperation
that we've ALL experienced at
different times (and for
different reasons) with this
whole computer business.
Being a pioneer in this area
isn't easy, but this group of
QUILL teachers sure keeps
plugging away despite all of
the obstacles.
• Mixed-audience messages
Holy Cross is still sick --- in
other words, we have not
done much with QUILL as yet.
Judy and Joe are moving right
along however. Chip, what
did you do with my flashlight
when you left Holy Cross?
• Common and specific purpose
write their stories. I got the
students to work on MAILBAG
smoothly, but then for some
time I didn't let them work with
the computer. All that time I
was wondering how I was
going to arrange the setup so
that their schoolwork would
not be disturbed. Other than
that all is well!
• Flat social structure
from screen to screen to start
writing in Library. Isn't there
something Andee and Chip
can do about that? That might
be why it is billed as
appropriate for grades 3-6, but
it could keep the program from
expanding to many
classrooms.
• Synergy with classroom
QUILL like a sled dog to
pulling. There are a few
management problems, but no
major bugs with the program
other than that if a student
wishes to print out a mail
message that they have just
sent, the printer does some
wierd symbols --Chip, you saw
that when you were here . . .
Time to go send some
Hartford Newspaper
• The Menudos
Menudos have been real
famous. The object that
makes them famous are the
girls. Boys are not crazy
about them.
like the Menudo's because of
only two things, their singing
and their good looking bodies
and faces. Almost all adults
like their songs and also the
children.
There are fine boys in the
Menudos their names are
Ricky, Johnny, Miguel, Charlie
and Ray. They all sing
wonderful!
There is one more thing every
girl thinks. There should be a
girl in the Menudos to sing
with them some songs. What
• Michael's Island
do you think?
LOVERS...HERE IS A
REVIEW OF THE LATEST
NEW T.V.
SHOW..."MICHAEL'S
ISLAND".
IN THE SEA LAYING ON A
BOARD AND HE WAS
GETTING TIRED AND
HUNGRY SO WENT TO
SLEEP AND ALL MOST DIED
BUT WHEN HE WOKEUP
AND HE WAS ON A ILAND
AND HE LOOK AROUND
AND SEE A DOLPHIN BUT
MICHAEL KEEP SAYING
THE' END.
Keywords: /Michael/boat/boy/
• TOO LATE!
IS A NEW SERIES THAT IS
FULL OF ADVENTURE AND
EXCITEMENT. THIS IS A
NEW SHOW THAT YOU ARE
GOING TO LOVE. . . .
JIMMY WILCOX as LARRY
LISA CORA as LARRY'S
MOTHER
AND
AND
ERIK ESTRADA as TONY
DON SCHULZ as
LARRY'S FATHER
STAR IN
TOO LATE!
MEDICINE CAN ONLY BE
FOUND IN MARS...HOW
WILL ANY ONE SAVE
HIM?..CAN ANYONE BE
ABLE TO GET TO MARS..IF
SO HOW WILL HE GET
BACK, COULD HE BE
SAVED?
HE FAIL? WILL HE BE ABLE
TO FACE LARRY'S
PARENTS?...WILL THEY
CALL HIM A COWARD A
TERRIBLE DISGUSTING
MAN? WILL THEY HATE
HIM?
TUNE IN EVERY WEEK
MONDAY - FRIDAY TO
WATCH
TOO LATE
Keywords:
/friendship/coward/adventure/
parents/
• Too Late [Script]
Elizabeth Saez
Wray
Josette
Part One
Planet Mars. HE runs and
sees a flower not an usual
one. He goes and takes it and
runs to the ship. Down at
Earth Larry is sick. The
doctors know that he could die
because the medicine can
only be found in Mars. Tony
presses the start butten and
flies to Earth. He gets there
Keywords:
/friendship/adventure/excident
/
Emily and Stephen
• Backyard Treasure Hunt
Pot, pot, it’s very hot
Same is mine is soon you’ll
find
Camouflage is mine; you’ll find
it in some time