Circulatory System – Study Guide
1. Controlling many body processes by means of chemicals is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system.
2. Plasma carries needed substances to the body cells.
3. The function of the atria is to receive blood that comes into the heart.
4. A pacemaker adjusts the heart rate to correspond to the body’s need for oxygen.
.
5. Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called arteries.
6. When blood flows into the right atrium from the body, it contains a little oxygen and a lot of carbon dioxide.
7. Capillaries are the blood vessels where materials are exchanged between the blood and the body cells.
8. Blood pressure is the measurement of the force with which the ventricles contract.
9. The hemoglobin in the red blood cells carry oxygen to the body cells.
10. Platelets help blood to clot and form scabs.
11. Blood types are determined by the marker molecules on red blood cells.
12. A person with type AB blood has both types of marker molecules.
13. Fluids that leak from capillaries into the surrounding tissues return to the blood through the lymphatic
system.
14. Lymph nodes trap disease-causing bacteria.
15. Atherosclerosis is especially serious when it develops in the coronary arteries because it can lead to a heart
attack.
16. Exercise is important for cardiovascular health because it strengthens the heart muscle.
17. To maintain cardiovascular health, foods high in fat should be avoided because they can lead to
atherosclerosis.
18. Valves prevent blood from flowing backward.
19. When the ventricles contract, blood is pumped out of the heart through a major artery.
20. The right ventricle pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
21. If your pulse rate increases, your heart is beating faster than before.
22. A sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressure.
23. Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure is consistently higher than normal.
24. Plasma is the component of blood that is 90 percent water.
25. The function of white blood cells is to fight disease.
26. The human circulatory system contains 2 loops.
27. Diffusion is the process where molecules move from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
28. The superior vena cava returns blood to the heart from the head neck and arms.
29. Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein that binds chemically to oxygen molecules and makes up most of
the red blood cells.
30. The network of vein-like vessels that returns the fluid that leaks out of
the blood vessels to the bloodstream is called the lymphatic system.
31. Hypertension is a disorder that can NOT be caused by a healthy diet and regular exercise.
True/False
Underline the word that makes the sentence False
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and lymph.
The two upper chambers of the heart are called ventricles.
The left ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
Blood flows away from the heart to the body through veins.
As blood moves away from the heart, blood pressure increases.
White blood cells are the most numerous type of cells in whole blood.
People with blood type O+ can safely receive blood transfusions from people with blood type BLymph may enlarge when they are helping the body fight an infection.
The risk of a heart attack is higher for people who don’t smoke.
Short Answer
Use the diagram to answer each question.
WORD BANK:
A = valve
B = right ventricle
C = right atrium
D = septum
E = aorta
41. What is the name for the structure labeled A?
42. Identify structure F.
43. Identify structure G.
44. What is the structure labeled C?
45. Identify the structure labeled E.
Use the diagram to answer each question.
WORD BANK:
A = platelets
B = plasma
C = white blood cells
D = red blood cells
E = deliver oxygen to body cells
46. Identify the type of cell shown by A.
47. What is the function of the type of cell indicated by A?
48. What blood component is shown by B?
49. What blood component is shown by C?
50. Which major blood component is not labeled in the diagram?