War and Peace
America’s Role in the World
And How it Affects Us At Home
The Patriot Act
• What it does: Section 215 modifies the rules on records
searches. Post-Patriot Act, third-party holders of your
financial, library, travel, video rental, phone, medical,
church, synagogue, and mosque records can be
searched without your knowledge or consent, providing
the government says it's trying to protect against
terrorism.
• Would you know if Section 215 had been used on
you? Nope. The person made to turn over the records is
gagged and cannot disclose the search to anyone.
–
From A Guide to the Patriot Act, Part 1
Should you be scared of the Patriot Act?
By Dahlia Lithwick and Julia Turner
Posted Monday, Sept. 8, 2003, at 8:06 AM PT on Slate at http://slate.msn.com/id/2087984/
The Revolutionary War
• Discuss with your
partner (take notes as
you talk):
– Why did the colonies
rebel?
– What was their
justification for rebelling?
– Was the war justified?
The Revolutionary War
• “No taxation without
representation!”
• Repeated attempts to avoid war.
• Declaration of Independence
– clear goal with moral and practical
justifications
• Assistance from France:
– special bond;
– later, the shared values become
additional bond
• “Special Relationship” – with
Expansionism/Imperialism
Expansionism/Imperialism
• Define these terms
(expansionism and imperialism)
in your notebook.
– Now, compare definitions with your
partner.
– Now, discuss the relationship
between these two terms.
• Define these terms in your
notebook:
– Louisiana Purchase
– Manifest Destiny
• What does this topic have to do
with “War and Peace”?
What Do These
Maps Say
About America
and War in the
1800s?
Discuss with
your partner…
The Spanish-American War
1898
• EXECUTIVE MANSION, WASHINGTON April 25, 1898.
• To the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States
of America:
• I transmit to the Congress for its consideration and appropriate
action, copies of correspondence… showing the action taken
under the joint resolution approved April 20, 1898, "for the
recognition of the independence of the people of Cuba,
demanding that the Government of Spain relinquish its authority
and Government in the island of Cuba, and to withdraw its land
and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters, and directing the
President of the United States to use the land and naval forces of
the United States to carry these resolutions into effect."
• …I now recommend the adoption of a joint resolution declaring
that a state of war exists between the United States of America
and the Kingdom of Spain, that the definition of the international
status of the United States as a belligerent power may be made
known and the assertion of all its rights in the conduct of a public
war may be assured.
•
WILLIAM McKINLEY.
–
ttp://www.spanamwar.com/McKinleywardec.htm
The Spanish-American War
1898
• DECLARATION OF WAR WITH SPAIN
• Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of America in
Congress assembled, First. That war be, and the
same is hereby, declared to exist, and that war has
existed since the 21st day of April, A. D. 1898,
including said day, between the United States of
America and the Kingdom of Spain.
• Second. That the President of the United States be,
and he hereby is, directed and empowered to use the
entire land and naval forces of the United States and
to call into the actual service of the United States the
militia of the several States to such extent as may be
necessary to carry this act into effect.
• Approved, April 25, 1898.
–
http://www.spanamwar.com/McKinleywardec.htm
The Spanish-American War
1898
The Treaty of Paris
• December 10, 1898
• Spain agreed to remove all soldiers from
Cuba and recognize American occupation
of the area;
• Spain ceded Guam and Puerto Rico to the
United States
• The United States paid Spain $20 million
for the Philippines.
–
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h828.html
The Filipino-American War
1898-1903
From Mark Twain’s “To the Person Sitting in Darkness”:
• The Person Sitting in Darkness is almost sure to
say: "There is something curious about this -curious and unaccountable. There must be two
Americas: one that sets the captive free, and
one that takes a once-captive's new freedom
away from him, and picks a quarrel with him with
nothing to found it on; then kills him to get his
land." (continued…)
The Filipino-American War
1898-1903
Twain continues:
• Of course, we must not venture to ignore
our General MacArthur's reports -- oh, why
do they keep on printing those
embarrassing things? -- we must drop
them trippingly from the tongue and take
the chances:
– During the last ten months our losses have
been 268 killed and 750 wounded; Filipino
loss, three thousand two hundred and twentyseven killed, and 694 wounded. (continued…)
The Filipino-American War
1898-1903
Twain continues:
• … [W]e must read the following passage
from the letter of an American soldier-lad
in the Philippines to his mother, published
in Public Opinion, of Decorah, Iowa,
describing the finish of a victorious battle:
• "WE NEVER LEFT ONE ALIVE. IF ONE
WAS WOUNDED, WE WOULD RUN OUR
BAYONETS THROUGH HIM.“
•
http://www.boondocksnet.com/ai/twain/persit.html
The Filipino-American War
1898-1903
Final Death Toll:
American: 4,000 killed
Filipino: 20,000 killed
Reflection
• Write a reflection on what you have
learned so far this unit about U.S. foreign
policy and war.
– Why did we go to war in the first half of our
country’s history?
– What were the results of these wars?
– How do you feel about these wars?
• Were they necessary?
• Were they just?
• What do they say about our values?
Image Credits
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http://www.time.com/time/magazine/archive/covers/0,16641,1101030303,00
.html
http://webserver.ccbi.cmu.edu/cartoons/SecurityandCivilLiberty.gif
http://www.pnl.gov/speak/images/flag_liberty.jpg
http://denji102.geo.kyushu-u.ac.jp/denji/obs/equator/station/flag/France.gif
http://pages.citenet.net/users/ctmx1108/images/flags/england.gif
http://www.sardallas.org/001.jpg
http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/world/iraq/memorial/images/040205fu
neral1.jpg
http://as.wn.com/i/24/f2cc5f09a3d120.jpg
http://www.lesoir.be/mediastore/_SEL/Monde/falluja_afp.jpg
http://www.spiegel.de/img/0,1020,302567,00.jpg
http://www.kleveman.com/photo/iraq/big/IMG_2953.jpg
http://www.nypl.org/research/chss/epo/spanexhib/IMAGEdrawing_of_star_in_east.html
Sound Credits
• http://www.wavsource.com/people/politics.
htm