Light!
Now See This!
Mrs. Erickson
Core Curriculum (What you will learn)
 Standard VI:
Students will understand properties and
behavior of heat, light, and sound.
 Objective 2: Describe how light can be produced,
reflected, refracted, and separated into visible
light of various colors.
A. Compare light from various sources (e.g.,
intensity, direction, color).
Remember…
 Light is a form of energy just like
sound and heat.
 It travels in waves. So it has
wavelength and frequency.
Make a List…#1
 Make a list of everything
you know of that gives us
light (you must have at
least 10 items on the list).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Sun
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
6. ____________________
7. ____________________
8. ____________________
9. ____________________
10. ____________________
Make a List…#2
 Make a list of all of the things light provides for us.
1. Heat
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Electromagnetic Spectrum
 Radio Waves (including





Microwaves)
Infrared Rays
Visible Light
Ultraviolet Rays
X-Rays
Gamma Rays
 Long Wavelength &
Low Frequency
 Short Wavelength &
High Frequency
Electromagnetic Spectrum Assignment
 Name two things each of the waves in the
electromagnetic spectrum is used for (see pages
80-88 of your book).
 For example, one thing radio waves are used for is
communication.
 Radio waves:
• 1. communication
• 2. _________________________________________
 Infrared Rays:
• 1. _______________________________________
• 2. _______________________________________
Electromagnetic Spectrum Assignment
 Visible Light:
• 1. _______________________________
• 2. _______________________________
 UV Rays:
• 1. ____________________________________
• 2. ____________________________________
 X-Rays:
• 1. ___________________________________
• 2. ___________________________________
 Gamma Rays:
• 1. ____________________________________
• 2. ____________________________________
Vocab Words
 Vocab Words: (look up the definition of each
word and write it beside the word)
 Luminous: _______________________________
__________________________________________
 Electromagnetic spectrum : _________________
__________________________________________
 Ultraviolet (UV) rays : _______________________
__________________________________________
 visible light: ______________________________
__________________________________________
Visible Light
 What is visible light?
 Visible light is the part
of the electromagnetic
spectrum that we can
see.
 Why do we see
different colors?
 We see different colors
because each different
wavelength of light has
a different color.
Visible Light
 ROY G. BIV
 Red
 Orange
 Yellow
 Green
 Blue
 Indigo
 Violet
Visible Light Assignment
 Fill in the table on the next slides
in your notes.
 Use your book (pages 90-93) and
own knowledge to fill in the tables
on the visible light slides.
 We will share information after.
Visible Light
 Incandescent
lights
 Fluorescent lights
 Neon lights
 Halogen lights
 Bioluminescence
Visible Light Assignment
Kind of Light
Definition
Where can we What color
Is it a good
find it?
does it
source of
appear to be? light? Why or
why not?
Incandescent
Glow when a
filament
inside them
gets hot
Indoor &
outdoor
lighting; car
headlights;
flashlights;
decorative
lighting
White (but
can be other
colors)
get hot;
inexpensive
to make
Visible Light Assignment
Kind of Light
Definition
Where can we What color
Is it a good
find it?
does it
source of
appear to be? light? Why or
why not?
Fluorescent
(compact &
linear)
Glass tube w/ School, office, white
gas inside &
kitchen
coated inside
w/a powder
Yes; high
efficiency; low
cost
Visible Light Assignment
Kind of Light
Definition
Where can we What color
Is it a good
find it?
does it
source of
appear to be? light? Why or
why not?
Neon
A sealed
glass tube
filled w/neon
Bright, flashy
signs
Red (other
no
gasses
produce other
colors)
Visible Light Assignment
Kind of Light
Definition
Where can we What color
Is it a good
find it?
does it
source of
appear to be? light? Why or
why not?
Tungsten
Halogen
Tungsten
filament &
contain a gas
Projectors;
floor lamps
yellow
Yes (provide
bright light
from small
bulb); little
electricity;
become hot
Visible Light Assignment
Kind of Light
Definition
Where can we
find it?
What color does Is it a good
it appear to be? source of light?
Why or why not?
Bioluminescence
Organisms that
produce their
own light
Jellyfish, deep
sea fish, firefly,
fungi &
mushrooms,
bacterial
Depends on
organism
For the
organism, not
for us
Visible Light Assignment
Kind of Light
Definition
Where can we What color
Is it a good
find it?
does it
source of
appear to be? light? Why or
why not?
LED (Light
Emitting Diode)
Diodes allow
electricity pass
in only one
direction; emit
visible light
when electricity
is applied
Aviation;
traffic lights;
auto lighting;
communicatio
n; remote
controls;
small
electronics
Core Curriculum
 B. Compare the reflection of light from
various surfaces (e.g., loss of light, angle of
reflection, reflected color).
Vocab Words:
 angle of incidence
 angle of reflection
 ray
 reflection
 concave mirror
 convex mirror
Vocabulary
Vocab Words:
 angle of incidence: ______________________________
________________________________________________
 angle of reflection: ______________________________
________________________________________________
 ray: ___________________________________________
 reflection: ______________________________________
_________________________________________________
 concave mirror: _________________________________
_________________________________________________
 convex mirror: __________________________________
_________________________________________________
Core Curriculum/Vocabulary
 E. Predict and test the appearance of various
materials when light of different colors is shone on
the material.
Vocab Words:
 opaque: ____________________________________
_____________________________________________
 transparent: _________________________________
_____________________________________________
 translucent: _________________________________
_____________________________________________
When Light Strikes an Object
3 Things Can Happen, Light is:
 Reflected (page 113 of book)
(the bouncing of light waves from a surface)
 Absorbed
(takes in colors—may be some or all)
 Transmitted
(light goes through the object)
Regular Reflection
 Happens when parallel rays
of light hit a smooth, or
even, surface
 All the rays are reflected at
the same angle
 What are some examples?
 I.E. if you look at a shiny
sheet of metal, you can see
your own reflection
Shiny metal (or other smooth surface)
Diffuse Reflection
 Happens when parallel rays
of light hit an uneven, or
a bumpy, surface
 The rays are reflected at
different angles.
 Most objects reflect this
way.
 What are some examples?
Mirrors
 What is a mirror?
 How does a mirror
 A mirror is a sheet of
reflect an image?
 When light passes
through the glass, the
coating on the back
reflects the light,
allowing you to see the
image. (Which kind of
reflection is it?)
glass that has a smooth,
silver coating on one
side.
 Mirrors can be flat or
curved. This shape
determines if an image
appears the same size,
smaller, or larger.
Flat, or Plane, Mirrors
 Mirror is flat (smooth).
 Image appears about the
same size and distance as
well as right side up but
backwards.
 Write two examples of a
flat mirror in your notes.
__________________
2. __________________
1.
Concave Mirrors
 Mirror looks “caved” in.
It is curved inward.
 Surface curves inward
like the inside of a
bowl.
 Reflects light rays so
they meet at a point,
called a “focal point.”
 A mirror to make
things look bigger.
Focal point
 Turn to page 115 in your
book and copy diagrams A,
B, and C in your notes.
 Write 2 examples in your
notes.
 1. ________________
 2. ________________
Convex Mirrors
 Mirror looks “curved out.”
 Rays spread out but appear
to come from a focal point
behind the mirror.
 Widens the viewpoint but
images appear further away
than they really are.
Convex Mirrors
 Write 2 examples in your
notes.
 1. _________________
 2. _________________
 Turn to page 116 in your
book and copy the diagram
at the top of the page.
Mirrors?
Answers these questions in your notes:
1. How would you look in a concave mirror?
__________________________________________
2. How would you look in a plane (flat) mirror?
__________________________________________
3. How would you look in a convex mirror?
__________________________________________
Opaque Objects
 reflect or absorb all of
the light that strike it
 cannot be seen though
 examples: wood, metal,
wool & cotton fabrics
 Most objects are
opaque.
Transparent Objects
 transmit light (light
passes right through it)
 allow you to see
through to the other
side
 examples: clear glass,
water, air
Translucent Objects
 allow some light to
pass through
 scatter light as it passes
through
 you can tell there is
something behind but
no details
 examples: frosted glass,
wax paper
Light Transmission Assignment
 Write 5 objects that
transmit light each way
in your notes:
 Opaque (1-5)
1. _________________
2. _________________
3. _________________
4. _________________
5. _________________
 Transparent (6-10)
6. _________________
7. _________________
8. _________________
9. _________________
10. _________________
 Translucent (11-15)
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
Remember!!
 When light hits an object, what three things can
happen?
•Light can be:
•Reflected (two types-what are they?)
1. __________
2. ___________
•Transmitted (three ways-what are they?)
1. ___________
2. ____________ 3. __________
•Absorbed
Core Curriculum
 Investigate and
describe the refraction
of light passing
through various
materials (e.g., prisms,
water).
Vocab Words:
 prism: ______________
_____________________
_____________________
 refraction
 D. Predict and test the
behavior of light
interacting with
various fluids (e.g.,
light transmission
through fluids,
refraction of light).
Vocab Word:
 refraction: __________
_____________________
_____________________
Absorption
 Means object takes in colors; may be some
or all.
 All colors are reflected if an object appears
white.
 All colors are absorbed if an object appears
black.
 Most objects reflect more than one color.
Absorption: Everything reflects light!
 The color of an object is
the color of the light it
reflects.
 For example, when we
look at a red apple it
reflects red and absorbs
all the other colors.
Color
 Objects appear different
colors in different colors of
light.
We see objects in:
 White light (like from the
Sun)
 Colored light (like from a
light bulb, p. 125 in book)
 Through filters (like lights
on a stage)
Primary Colors of Light
 The primary colors of light are:
Red, Blue, Green
 Any 2 primary colors combined produce a secondary color.
 When all amounts of 3 primary colors are equal, we see
white light. (p. 126)
 When there are unequal amounts, we see another color.
Absorption- Make a list of 10 items and what color(s)
each reflect(s).
Object
Color/s
1. __________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
4. __________________________________________
5. __________________________________________
6. __________________________________________
7. __________________________________________
8. __________________________________________
9. __________________________________________
10. __________________________________________
Color Writing Assignment
 On a lined sheet of paper, answer the following questions:
In what way(s) does light (and
different colors of light) effect the
way we see color? (should be at least
4 sentences)
***This assignment should be turned in separately, not
left with your notes.
Light & Refraction
 When light rays enter a new medium at an angle, the change
in speed causes them to bend, or change direction.
 This is called refraction.
 This is how convex and concave lenses and mirrors work.
 Prisms, rainbows, and mirages are examples of refraction.
Light & Refraction
 Turn to page 117 in your book.
 How many fish appear to be in the tank? ____________
 How many are actually in the tank? ________________
 What other examples can you think of?
 ____________________________________________
 Write at least 2 other examples of refraction in your notes.
__________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
1.
Light & Refraction
 Turn to page 118.
 •Look at Figure 8. Copy this in your notebook. MAKE SURE
YOU COPY THE LINES LIKE THEY ARE IN THE
DIAGRAM.
Lenses- There are two basic types of
lenses:
 Concave- makes images
smaller. It is thinner in the
center than at the edges
 Convex-makes images
larger. It is thicker in the
center than at the edges.
 Turn to page 120 in your
book. Copy Figure 13 in
your notebook. Notice
how the shape of the lens
are different.
Lenses
 Lenses are different than mirrors because they refract light
instead of reflect light.
 •Lenses are transparent or clear.
 •Mirrors are opaque.
Prisms
 A prism is a clear piece of
glass or plastic that bends
or breaks up white light
into the colors of the
spectrum (p. 118)
Rainbows
 How do rainbows work?
 A rainbow forms when
sunlight is refracted and
reflected by tiny water
droplets.
 In other words, raindrops
act like prisms when the
white light hits them.
 Colors are always reflected
in the same order: ROY G.
BIV
Mirages
 Have you ever looked
down the road on a hot day
and it looks wet? Then
when you get there, it isn’t
actually wet?
 •That is a mirage.
 •A mirage is an image of a
distant object caused by
refraction of light.
 •See page 119 in your text
book.
How do you see
 Paste eye diagram in your notebook at the end of your light




notes.
Parts of the eye:
Cornea-light enters the eye through here; moistened by
“windshield wiper” eyelids
Iris-contracts and expands to let in more or less light;
colored part of the eye
Pupil-part of the eye that looks black; actually a hole; pupil
can become larger or smaller
How do you see-part 2
 lens-convex lens; forms an image on your eyeball
 Retina-made up of millions of rods and cones which sends
signals to brain (rods allow you to see white, black, and grey,
as well as in dim light; cones allow you to see blue, red, and
green)
 Optic nerve & brain-signals sent along optic nerve; brain
flips them right side up
Correcting Vision
 Nearsightedness (see near but not far)-eyeball is too long so
concave lens forms image in right place
 Farsightedness (see far but not near)-eyeball is too short so
convex lens forms image in right place