Topic 8 Afloat Comms
Enabling Objectives
8.1 DISCUSS how the UHF/SHF/EHF spectrums support OTH-T C4I
systems.
8.2 DISCUSS current satellite connectivity and terminal configuration.
8.3 DISCUSS current Military and Commercial SATCOM systems such as
DSCS, CWSP, INMARSAT B HSD, EHF MDR, GBS, and DWTS.
8.4 DISCUSS ISNS and ADNS.
8.5 DISCUSS the Navy Multiband Terminal (NMT).
8.6 DISCUSS the Consolidated Afloat Networks and Enterprise Services (CANES).
8.7 DISCUSS the Mobile User Objective System (MUOS).
UHF
Advantages: Very Widespread, Can use small, lightweight equipment
Disadvantages: Low Data Rates, Very crowded, Susceptible to jamming
UHF
300-3000MHZ
Utility
SHF
EHF
3-30GHZ
Capacity
30-300GHZ
Survivability
SHF
Advantages:High BW, Joint interoperability
Disadvantages: Not widespread, DSCS Crowded, CWSP cost
Small antennae make ships “disadvantaged users”
EHF
Advantages: LDR:Anti-Jam, Anti-Scint, LPD/LPI
MDR: better data rates, less survivabilty
Disadvantages: LDR slow, Not as widespread as UHF
Cloud bursts can interfere w/ xmsn
Current Satellite Connectivity
DSCS /
DSCS SLEP
UFO/EHF
INMARSAT
IRIDIUM
UFO/GBS
MILSTAR
INTELSAT
Ship/Sub
MILSATCOM
Protected (EHF)
Narrowband
USC-38(V)
WSC-3(V)
SRC-58/27
DMR
COMMERCIAL
GBS
DSCS
USR-10(V) WSC-6(V)4
WSC-6(V)5
WSC-6(V)7
WSC-6(V)9
CWSP
TV-DTS
WSC-8(V)1
OE-556U
WSC-8(V)2
OE-556A/U
INMARSAT
INMARSAT B
INMARSAT B HSD
IRIDIUM
Motorola 9505
Fleet Terminal Configuration
(SATCOM)
Large Decks
CV/ AGF/
CVN LCC
LHA LHD
Medium Decks
Small Decks/Other
LPD17 LPD LSD CG DDG DD
SUBs
FFG MCM/ T-AH AS SSN SSBN SSGN
MHC
USC-38 EHF
USR-10(V) GBS
WSC-6(V)5 SHF
WSC-6(V)7 SHF
Sub SHF
WSC-6(V)9 SHF
WSC-8(V) CWSP
INMARSAT B HSD
TV-DTS
WSC-3 (UHF)
Protected
Broadcast
Wideband
Commercial
Narrowband
What Is IT-21
 IT-21 is an Information Transfer strategy
Provide IP Network connectivity capable of voice, video and
data
 Provide access to SIPRNET, NIPRNET, JWICS, CENTRIXS
And Remote Network Interface (RNI)
 Support all tactical and non-tactical mission areas

 IT-21 architecture currently leverages off
approved acquisition programs
 It includes
 ADNS, SCI Networks, CWSP, DSCS, SUB HDR, UHF MDR
(ASYM), TSS, INMARSAT B HSD, UHF 5 KHz, DMR, DWTS,
GBS, TACVTC, EHF (LDR, NECC, MDR, FOT), SINCGARS,
BF EMAIL, NAVMACS, GCCS-M, NTCSS, ISNS LAN
 Goal: Integrated, coordinated, end-to-end
warfighting CAPABILITY
SHF
CWSP / DSCS
PRNOC
Wahiawa, Hawaii
EHF
MDR
UHF
INMARSAT B HSD
Commercial Wideband Satellite
Program (CWSP)
• Mission Statement: Provides Worldwide Full-Duplex Data Rates
Nominally of E-1 (2.048 Mbps) to the Fleet Using a Family of COTS/ NDI
SATCOM Terminals and Services
• System Characteristics:
–
–
–
–
–
Leverages Commercial Satellite Communications Service/Terminals
Commercial (C-Band) Augments MILSATCOM
Global Coverage (10 Satellites)
5 Earth Stations
2.74M Shipboard Antenna (AN/WSC-8)
CWSP Delivers…
AN/WSC-8(V)1/2
RF TERMINAL
Time Critical
Tactical Information
to the Warfighter
Defense Satellite Communications System
(DSCS)
Time Critical
Tactical Information
to the Warfighter
DSCS Satellite Architecture
180
150W
120W
90W
60W
30W
0
B-9 @ 175E
B-13
135 W
SLEP: Service Life Extension Program
WESTLANT
B-6
52.5 W
60E
90E
B-14 @
10E
B-4 @
42.5W
B-10 @
57E
RESERVE
RESERVE
RESERVE
RESERVE
EASTPAC
30E
EASTLANT
B-11
12 W
SLEP
120E
INDIAN OCEAN
A-3
60E
SLEP
150E
180
B-5 @ 180E
RESERVE
WESTPAC
B-8
175 E
SLEP
INMARSAT B HSD
INMARSAT B HSD is a global, mobile satellite system,
which the Navy has installed throughout the fleet. These
terminals provide narrowband point-to-point voice, facsimile,
data transfer, and navigational and warning services to afloat
users.
 System Characteristics
Up to 128 Kbps Data/28.4 kbps
Voice FAX/TELEX, STU-III
Capable
Dual Installation Provides Up
To an Additional 32 kbps Data
JWICS/NIPRNET/SIPRNET/A
PTS
Provides SATCOM Capability
for Small Platforms
INMARSAT Space Architecture
75
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
75
30
60
90
120
150
180
150
120
East
90
60
30
0
30
60
West
90
120
150
East
SATELLITE
LOC
BW
BEAM
SATELLITE
LOC
BW
BEAM
Inmarsat AOR-E
25E
100 KHz
Global
Inmarsat IOR
109E
100 KHz
Global
Inmarsat AOR-W
98W
100 KHz
Global
Inmarsat POR-E
142W
100 KHz
Global
Inmarsat POR-W
143.5E
100 KHz
Global
IOR: Indian Ocean Region
POR: Pacific Ocean Region
AOR: Atlantic Ocean Region
EHF Architecture
• Low Data Rate (LDR)
• Medium Data Rate (MDR)
– Milstar I (Flight 1 and 2),
UFO/E (4-11)
– 75-9600 bps (Tx
Aggregate)
– Milstar II (Flight 4, 5 and 6)
– 4.8 Kbps to 1.544 Mbps
MILSTAR
MILSTAR
MILSTAR
CROSSLINK
CROSSLINK
AN/ARC-208
AN/USC-38(V)2
AN/USC-38(V)1
SMART-T
AN/TSC-124
SCAMP
AN/PSC-11
GROUND STATION
AN/TRC-194
AN/USC-38(V)3
EHF LDR
Supported on:
UFO/E
UFO/EE
POL
MILSTAR
MILSTAR 5
MILSTAR 4
MILSTAR 6
EHF MDR
- Supports voice and/or data transmission
- Two way ship/shore/submarine
- Installed on all flag level ships, all T-hawk ships, and subs
- Plans to install on most other ship classes
- 4.8 Kbps-1.544 Mbps (Up to 2.2 Mbps future cap.)
-Point-To-Point (PTP) or network calls. All subscribers
have a 4 digit “terminal ID”
Global Broadcast System
(GBS)
SBM
WAHIAWA, HI
Speed Rate: 30 Mbps
Nominal Speed: 23.5 Mbps
What is GBS?
•
•
•
It has the same application as commercial technology:
– High powered satellites
– Wide bandwidth (High Data Rates)
– Sophisticated receive terminals (Small Antennas)
– Ka Band on UHF F/O
– Ka, X Band on Wideband Gapfiller Satellite
– Ku Band on Commercial Leased Satellites
(CONUS/EUCOM)
– Multimedia (not primarily video)
– Variable data rates
It provides Smart Delivery of large data products
Supports the mobile and disadvantaged user
GBS Electronic Program Guide
Time 1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
Channel
Channel 1
News Product (i.e., CNN, CSPAN, and CNBC)
Channel 2
CVBG/ARG Transit
Current Intel
Weather Update
Logistics Data
Channel 3
Counterdrug Ops
Current Intel
Weather Update
Operations/Plans
Channel 4
MDU Transfers
Channel 5
Distance Learning
Current Intel
Weather Update
Channel 6
Channel 7
Mediterranean Operations (4Mbps)
User Pull Data (Variable)
Situation Brief
Larger Throughput = Faster Dissemination = Better Service to Warfighter
“Large Throughput”
“Theoretical”
Existing DoD SATCOM Systems Limit Supported Communications Capacity
SATCOM
Throughput
Example
Information
Air Tasking
Order (DS)
2.4 Kbps
64 Kbps
512 Kbps
1.544 Mbps
24 MB
Milstar & UFO
INMARSAT B
DSCS
CWSP
GBS
1.02 hr
2.61 min
17-19 sec
5.7 sec
.38 sec
100 sec
4.29 sec
.47 sec
.16 sec
.01 sec
22.2 hr
57 min
8.25 min
2.07 min
8 sec
1.1 Mb
Tomahawk
MDU
.03 Mb
Imagery
24 Mb
Navy SATCOM Migration
Digital Wideband Transmission System
Subscriber Services
(GCCS-M, voice, video)
ADNS & TSS
Switching
LHA/LHD
DWTS
Radio #1
Radio #2
ADNS & TSS
Switching
Subscriber Services
(GCCS-M, voice, video)
DWTS
Radio #1
Radio #2
LPD
Landing Force
AN/MRC-142
or AN/GRC-226
DWTS
Radio #1
Radio #2
ADNS & TSS
Switching
LSD
Subscriber Services
(GCCS-M, voice, video)
MAGTF C4I
Tactical
Networks
ADNS Architecture
Operational View
22
Generic ISNS Architecture
(ATM/GigE/Fast Ethernet)
System Services
E-Mail
Web Browsing
Network Management
Account Management
Directory Services
Print Services
File Transfer
File Compression
Chat
Office Automation
Security
LAN DROPS
To RF Off Ship
ADNS
Router
ISNS
Server
Racks
INE
Backbone
BackboneSwitch
Switch
Edge Switch
LAN DROPS
Expanded Edge
Switch
(concentrators)
Router
Inline Network
Encryptor (INE)
CANES is the Navy’s strategy to Consolidate,
Enhance existing networks.
Network Consolidation
Capabilities
• Voice Services
 IP Telephony
 Mobile and Stationary
 Secure and Un-Secure
• Video Services
 Video Teleconferencing
 Video/Graphics Distribution
• Data Services





Application providers will no longer need to manage multiple
complex network integration points
•
Scalable, agile, and affordable Common Computing
Environment (CCE)
•
Increased interoperability federating NCES Core
Services to tactical edge (ACS)
•
Cross Domain Solutions (CDS)
Network Support
Information Management
Core Infrastructure Services
Network Access (IPv4/IPv6 Capable)
Information Delivery
• Systems Management
 Performance, Availability, & Service Level
Mgmt
 Fault, Problem, Incident, & Service Desk
Mgmt
 Configuration, Change, & Release Mgmt
 Security Mgmt, IA, CND
 Capacity Mgmt
TODAY
TOMORROW
CENTRIXS-M
Medicine
GCCS-M
Distance Support /
SEA WARRIOR
Logistics
GCCS-I 3
ISNS
SIPRNET
JWICS
CENTRIXS, C2ISR, NECC, MDA
Today
2 Years
5 Years
Hardware Racks
25 to 65 Racks
20 to 58 Racks
11 to 27 Racks
SYS ADMIN
12 to 36 Sailors
9 to 24 Sailors
4 to 15 Sailors
Mobile User Objective System (MUOS)
•
•
•
•
•
Four UHF GEOs, plus on-orbit spare
Commercial A2100 series bus
16 spot beams and one earth coverage
beam
New UHF uplink and downlink filings
to get contiguous 5 MHz channels
Integrated ground network
–
–
–
•
•
•
•
Manages the information network
Controls the satellites
Provides access to DISN services
“Bent-pipe” payload
Legacy payload compatible with UHF
terminals
New 3G WCDMA waveform
Provides “Comms on the Move” for
21st century mobile forces
MUOS ARCHITECTURE
100°W
177°W
On-Orbit Spare
72°E
15.5°W
75°E
Co-exist and operate with
Legacy UFO in same slot
Schriever AFB
Pt. Mugu
Backup Satellite
Control Facility
Primary Satellite
Control Facility
SCF
SCF
RAF Wahiawa
SF • Radio Access Facilities
NMF • Switching Facility
• Teleport I/F
• Network Mgmt Facility
RAF Northwest
SF • Radio Access Facilities
NMF • Switching Facility
• Teleport I/F
• Network Mgmt Facility
Sicily
Radio Access
RAF Facilities
Ground Infrastructure
Mesh Connectivity to All Sites
RAF
Australia
Radio Access
Facilities
Summary / Review