Levels of Organization
• Identify cells, tissues, organs, organ systems,
organisms, populations, communities, and
ecosystems as levels of organization in the
biosphere.
• ELIGIBLE CONTENT
• Identify the levels of organization in the
biosphere including cells, tissues, organs, and
organ systems,
• as well as organisms, populations, communities,
and ecosystems.
December 11, 2012
Aim: to identify and describe the levels
of organization in living things.
Homework: Bring in USB, dictionary,
highlighters, Draft 2 of HPV Vaccine Essay
with edits
Do Now: Name an organ system, organ,
and cell we’ve studied this year.
Notes: Levels of Organization
Levels of Organization
Cell—Basic unit of structure and function in organisms.
 Some organisms, like bacteria and protists, are unicellular (made
entirely of one cell).
 Some organisms, like fungi, plants, and animals, are multicellular
(made of many cells).
 Bacteria have prokaryotic cells.
 Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals have eukaryotic cells.
 In multicellular organisms, cells exhibit cell specialization. They
take on specific jobs and look different from each other.
 The cells also exhibit division of labor. They split up the work of
the organism.
Levels of Organization
• Tissues—Groups of similar cells that work
together to perform a specific function.
– 4 major tissue types in animals
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Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Levels of Organization
• Organs—structures made of different types of tissues
that work together to perform a specific function.
– Examples
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Heart
Lungs
Stomach
Small intestine
Liver
Large Intestine
Gall Bladder
Plant Roots
Plant Stems
Plant Leaves
Levels of Organization
• Organ Systems—Groups of organs that work
together to perform a specific function.
– Examples:
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Digestive system
Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Muscular system
Skeletal system
Integumentary system (skin)
Vascular system in plants
Levels of Organization
• Organism—A complete, individual living
thing.
• Examples:
– A single person
– A single plant
– A single bacterium
– A single protist
Questions
Which diagram below represents one type of human tissue?
Questions
Levels of Organization
• Population—Groups of organisms of the
same species (kind) that live together in a
particular area at a particular time.
– Examples: All the mice in Buckhorn
– All the people in New Market
– All the earthworms in your flower bed.
– All the roses in a rose garden.
– All the mushrooms (of a particular kind) in a
meadow.
Levels of Organization
• Community—All of the populations of
organisms that inhabit the same area at
the same time.
– Examples:
• All of the species of grasses, insects, shrubs, mice,
and bacteria that live in a particular field.
Levels of Organization
• Ecosystem—All of the communities of
organisms that inhabit an area as well as
all of the nonliving components of the area
that the organisms interact with.
(Communities + Environment).
– Examples:
• All of the trees, plants, and animals in a forest plus
all of the water, rocks, air, wind, etc…
Levels of Organization
• Biosphere—The region of Earth that
supports all life. All of the environments
and organisms on Earth.
Questions
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Questions
Questions
Questions