Advanced Biology
Chapter 50 review sheet
1. Give an example of any organismal trait that is specifically suited for its environment.
Any trait that allows an organism to survive in its preferred environment is acceptable…the polar
bear’s black skin which allows it to survive arctic conditions, for example.
2.
It is said that “evolution is the biological theme that ties together all others.” Explain this.
Evolution explains why all organisms: a) have common characteristics, b) why distantly
related organisms sometimes resemble each other, c) how organisms become adapted to
their environment, and d) the diversity of species that inhabit the planet
3.
In which oceanic zone would you most frequently detect phytoplankton? Any photic (lightreaching) zone, i.e., limnetic, littoral
4.
Explain the difference between a control in an experiment, and a controlled experiment. In a
controlled experiment, there is more than one control. EVERYTHING is controlled,
except the one variable (the independent variable)
5.
Which 2 abiotic factors are most likely to affect biome distribution? Climate and topography
6.
Put the following lists in their correct order: (these are smallest to largest)
Molecules, atoms, organelles, tissues, systems
Atoms, molecules, organelles, tissues, systems
Molecules, populations, cells, tissues, organ systems
Molecules, cells, tissues, organ systems, populations
Populations, biosphere, organisms, communities, biomes
Organisms, populations, communities, biomes, biosphere
Kingdom, family, order, phylum, class
Family, order, class, phylum, kingdom
Cells, organ systems, organisms, organs, tissues
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
7.
Which single factor is most dependent on all other factors in the development of terrestrial
biomes? The colonizing species of organisms (animals, plants, etc.)
8.
Which terrestrial biome(s) is adapted to frequent fires? Savannah, chapparal, temperate
grasslands
9.
List potential animal responses to changes in the environment from slowest to most rapid.
Evolution, morphological change, acclimation, migration
10.
In the movie “Deep Impact,” an extinction level meteor crashed into the earth. Which marine
community was least affected by this event? Deep sea vent
11.
What type of community would most likely have evolved to respond to different photoperiods?
Why? Temperate forests, because they have the most drastic seasonal changes in length of
daylight
13.
What is acclimation? Temporary physical or physiological adaptations to changes in the
environment.
14.
What is the principle of allocation? Each organism has a limited amount of energy that can
be allocated (allotted) for obtaining nutrients, escaping predators, etc. It must be
“reserved” in order to obtain more energy. Much is used in everyday activity, but some
MUST be used to obtain more.
15.
Be able to explain how Earth’s position in the solar system, its behavior, and its physical
characteristics shape ecosystems. Tilt of axis, revolution, rotation, latitude, longitude
Also (from chapter 1) be able to discuss an appropriate approach and methodology to conducting
science investigations. How they begin (observations or questions), hypothesis formation,
experimentation…acceptance or rejection of a hypothesis, and changing it if you must
reject it. When is a conclusion formed? A theory? Are theories changeable? These are
questions that must be addressed when “doing” science.