Bellringer: 12/2 and 12/3
1. Turn in your AP Reading Questions to your class drawer in
the back of the room.
2. Make the following Table of Contents updates:
66: Simulation Activity: Peloponnesian War
67: Notes: Peloponnesian War
68: Review Worksheet: Important Greek People
Agenda:
1. Bellringer
2. Simulation Game: The Peloponnesian War
3. Notes: Peloponnesian War
4. Greek People Matching Worksheet (Review)
Homework:
1. Study for Greek culture quiz next class (FRIDAY for 3rd,
MONDAY for 5th/8th)
2. Read pages 128-135 in your textbook and take notes
Peloponnesian War Simulation: 3rd Block
Get into the following groups:
ATHENS: Chris, Jackson S., Alex, Erin, Hita, Srinidhi
SPARTA: Jade, Rebecca, Drew, Levi, Lithin
CORINTH: Sofya, Brandon, Brenden, Sydney, Jenna
THEBES: Sam, Kirk, Tyra, Kelly, Trisha
THASOS: Preston, Kevin, Veer, Nathan, Jackson J.
Peloponnesian War Simulation: 5th Block
Get into the following groups:
ATHENS: Neha, Raissa, Briana, Amith, Jaidev
SPARTA: Mounika, Shreya, Grant, Dean, Nick
CORINTH: Mackenzie, Elizabeth, Conrad, Daniel
THEBES: Gabe, Anna, Angie, Sajjaad, Talha
THASOS: Lily, August, Connor, Cory, Salman
Peloponnesian War Simulation: 8th Block
Get into the following groups:
ATHENS: Daniel, Tyler, Grant, Lexi, Emily, Jhosselin
SPARTA: Chloe M., Connor, Morgan, Joe, Sammy
CORINTH: Lauren, Claire, Tara, Emma, Sahar
THEBES: Chloe H., Matt, Yen Nhi, Zain, Kelly
THASOS: Kayla, Chris, Drew, Scott, Nuha
Simulation Game: Peloponnesian War:
1. Your goal is to make treaties and alliances with other
city-states. You want to make these alliances/treaties in
order to achieve the needs of your city-state.
2. In your city-state, read the packet of information about
all five participating city-states. Use the information in
the packet to fill out the “Path to the Peloponnesian
War” worksheet.
Simulation Game: Peloponnesian War:
3. After reading the packet and filling in the worksheet, determine which
2-3 city-states your city-state would best form an alliance with.
4. Send out ambassadors (no more than 2 at a time) from your group to
other city-states to try and sign a treaty together to be allies.
5. On the treaty page, write down what the terms of each treaty with the
other city-states you form alliances with included. YOU CANNOT MAKE
A TREATY THAT GOES AGAINST A PREVIOUS TREATY YOU SIGNED!
You may make no more than 3 treaties total.
Simulation Game: Peloponnesian War:
7. You will have 10 minutes to make treaties. When time is up, you will
need to return to your city-state’s home base.
8. Treaties will be examined to see if the city-states were successful in
making treaties that did not go against any of the other treaties made.
The Peloponnesian War
(431-404 BCE)
Ms. Allen
2015-16
Pre-AP World History
Setting the Stage for War
Persian War = Greek city-states uniting together
Why is this kind of an amazing feat?
This camaraderie will not last for a long time
Tensions between city-states = arise
Especially between Athens and Sparta (and Athens
and many other city-states)
What do we know about Athens and Sparta that
might make them become at odds with each other?
Causes of the Peloponnesian War
Sparta (and some other city-states) resents domination of Athens in the
Delian League (especially post-Golden Age developments)
Sparta and Athens = do not like each other (historically)
Sparta → develop Peloponnesian League to fight against the Athens-led
Delian League
Sparta feels that Athens is overstepping its bounds
EXAMPLE:
Corinth (an ally of Sparta) goes to war with one of her colonies,
colony asks Athens for help
Sparta & Athens: Strategic Differences
Sparta = strong army
Has a historically strong army, but not
a strong navy → Sparta wants no
sea-based fighting
Sparta won’t even have a navy
until after the Peloponnesian
War
STRATEGY: Surround Athens on land suffocate the army/navy and the
citizens of Athens by keeping
supplies and goods out of the city
Athens = strong navy
Want to surround Sparta by the sea
(avoid much land-based fighting)
STRATEGY: Surround Sparta’s ports =
suffocate Sparta
Keep goods, supplies, etc. from
reaching Sparta’s army and its
civilians
How does the Peloponnesian War play out?
War happens in different phases:
● 1. Archaemedian War
○ Between Athens and Sparta (and allies), lasts ~10 years
○ Ended temporarily with a peace treaty between Sparta/Athens
■ Will pick back up again after each side becomes dissatisfied with the peace
terms
■ Sparta gets (again) fed up with Athens’ attitude and sense of superiority
● 2. War moves to Sicily
What happens throughout the war?
Pericles and the Plague
Pericles = leading mind in Athens during Peloponnesian War
Decides to take a defensive strategy on land-based warfare (trying to wait out
and survive Spartan attacks on land)
Allows Spartan army forces to attack Attica (a Athens ally) while the city and
its citizens were barred behind a tall, well-fortified wall
Strategy fails - Why?
A plague breaks out in the city behind the walls (brought by fleas, tick
infestation) = many die
Pericles ends up taking the blame for this = falls out of favor
Siege of Plataea
After attacking Attica, Sparta attacks
Plataea, an Athens ally
This attack = keeps Plataea from
providing aid (soldiers, supplies,
food) to Athens during the war
Eventually the city is sacked by Sparta
Sparta gains total control of an
important road from Thebes to
Megara (city-states)
Thucydides on the Siege of Plataea:
After an appeal to the gods Archidamus put his army in motion.
First he enclosed the town with a palisade formed of the fruit
trees which they cut down, to prevent further egress from
Plataea; next they threw up a mound against the city, hoping
that the largeness of the force employed would ensure the
speedy reduction of the place. They accordingly cut down
timber from Mount Cithaeron, and built it up on either side,
laying it like lattice-work to serve as a wall to keep the mound
from spreading abroad, and carried to it wood and stones and
earth and whatever other material might help to complete it.
Athens’ Mistake: The Syracuse Expedition
One of Athens’ biggest mistakes in the war
416 BCE: Athenian troops invade Sicily to
conquer state of Syracuse (an ally of
Sparta)
Why do they do this?
Hoped to destroy Sparta’s ally and the
food they were providing Sparta
End result? NOT what Athens wanted
Athenian troops are surrounded,
defeated, and killed
How it all ends...
Athens and Sparta continue fighting
for about 10-15 more years after the
disaster at Syracuse
Eventual result:
Sparta = victorious
Defeats Athens, starts downfall
Athens is forced to live under
Spartan law and order
Athens gives up its army AND
navy
The Aftermath of the Peloponnesian War:
Seat of power in Greece changes (Athens → Sparta)
Much of Greece = in ruins
Greece’s economy and military was weakened
Development of Greek culture was slowed
Paves way for takeover by Macedonia
How do we know much about the Peloponnesian
War?
Herodotus = Greek historian who wrote about Persian Wars
Thucydides = Greek general and “scientific” historian
His writings are about the Peloponnesian War
Believed history (and the events that make up history) were the
result of human actions, decisions, and ideas rather than fate
or the actions of the gods and goddesses
After notes:
• Complete the Simulation Debrief side of the worksheet and turn it
in for a classwork grade.
• Work on the Greece People Matching review worksheet. It is a
good prep for the quiz next class as well as your test.