Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae PPT
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Kingdoms: Protista Fungi Plantae Kingdom Protista Unicellular eukaryotes Many are both plant- and animallike Examples: unicellular algae and protozoans Algae (Kingdom Protista) Eukaryotic, photosynthetic (chloroplasts) and mostly aquatic Lack true stems, leaves, roots & flowers (some have flagella) Simple reproductive structures Referred to as plants Seaweeds Multicellular algae Aka – macrophytes Multicellular and complex Often classified in the Plantae Kingdom Seaweeds have great economic importance around the world as a food source and in numerous products we use every day. There are three types of seaweed Draw Structure of seaweed and label 1. Green Algae Mostly found In inter-tidal areas and shallow bays. 2. Brown Algae Large and complex 3. Red algae More species than other two types combined Some involved in coral reef formation Can grow up to 10 feet in length Dinoflagellates Unicellular 2 unequal flagella Mostly in tropical regions Bioluminescent properties Have an eyespot Related to algae Auto and heterotrophic Pyrrophyta bloom Noctiluca will glow in The dark a greenish blue light Bioluminescence http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage &v=uUbIWqiynBY Algae Blooms Algae Blooms Gymnodinium or Red Tide The bloom reduces oxygen levels causing fish kills Gonyaulax also produces red tide causing paralytic shell-fish poisoning and contain a toxin saxotoxin which interferes with the nervous syst. Invertebrates are not affected so how do humans contract it? Algae Blooms Devastated the scallop industry in eastern Long Island. This is an algal bloom of brown tide. DIATOMS Contain In a green pigment called cholorophyll structures called chloroplasts The cell walls are made of silica or glass so the cell wall is transparent to light Cell structures of Diatoms Cell wall porescontrol what enters and exits the cell. Cell structures of Diatoms Cell wall pores- control what enters and exits the cell. Endoplasmic reticulumnetwork of channels for transport of molecules Ribosomes- place where proteins are made Cell structures of Diatoms Mitochondria- cell’s energy factory. Sugar is broken down into chemical energy, ATP. Vacuole-storage to store oil What structure in cells. Diatoms use it substance can eventually be produced from the diatom’s vacuoles by the gradual buildup over geologic time of diatomic sediment? Petroleum Species unicellular, glassy (silica shell), photosynthetic Stores food as oil and carbohydrates Important part of Polar water plankton Diatom Diversity More than 25K species Most inhabit the cold waters of the planet. What prevents them from sinking? A. spines B. oil Asexual Reproduction 2 halves of the shell separate and each half grows another half. Deposits of Diatomaceous Earth Used in filtration devises Purifying drinking water Removing tape worms Colon cleansing As a Food Source Tiny invertebrates feed on them including: Copepods Mussels Clams Oysters scallops http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cp9ym5M0RUc& feature=player_embedded Compare Compare Flagella Cloroplasts Eyespot Can ingest food Cell wall composition Dinoflagellates Diatoms Compare Compare Flagella Cloroplasts Eyespot Can ingest food Cell wall composition Dinoflagellates Yes, two Diatoms Compare Compare Flagella Cloroplasts Eyespot Can ingest food Cell wall composition Dinoflagellates Yes, two Diatoms none Compare Compare Flagella Cloroplasts Eyespot Can ingest food Cell wall composition Dinoflagellates Yes, two Yes Diatoms none Compare Compare Flagella Cloroplasts Eyespot Can ingest food Cell wall composition Dinoflagellates Diatoms Yes, two none Yes Yes Compare Compare Flagella Dinoflagellates Diatoms Yes, two none Cloroplasts Yes Yes Eyespot Yes Can ingest food Cell wall composition Compare Compare Flagella Dinoflagellates Diatoms Yes, two none Cloroplasts Yes Yes Eyespot Yes No Can ingest food Cell wall composition Compare Compare Flagella Dinoflagellates Diatoms Yes, two none Cloroplasts Yes Yes Eyespot Yes No Can ingest food Yes Cell wall composition Compare Compare Flagella Dinoflagellates Diatoms Yes, two none Cloroplasts Yes Yes Eyespot Yes No Can ingest food Yes No Cell wall composition Compare Compare Flagella Dinoflagellates Diatoms Yes, two none Cloroplasts Yes Yes Eyespot Yes No Can ingest food Yes No Cell wall composition Cellulose Compare Compare Flagella Dinoflagellates Diatoms Yes, two none Cloroplasts Yes Yes Eyespot Yes No Can ingest food Yes No Cellulose Silica Cell wall composition Coccolithophores Overlapping Calcium Carbonate platelets Photosynthetic Tropical/Subtropical Protozoans Animal-like protists Heterotrophic Eukaryotic Single-celled Microscopic Phyto and zooplankton Foraminiferans Have shells made of calcium carbonate Use pseudopodia to capture food Most are bottom dwellers Radiolarians Mostly planktonic Elaborate and delicate shells made of glass (silica) Shells are spherical with radiating spine Pseudopodia are thin and needle-like Radiolarians Ciliates Have hair-like cilia for locomotion and feeding The paramecium Found mostly on seaweed and bottom sediments Kingdom Fungi Eukaryotic, plant-like but without chlorophyll Multicellular 500 species of marine fungi Most unique are the lichens Lichens Symbiotic relationship with algae – lichens provide the support and the algae provide the food. Kingdom Plantae Flowering plants Angiosperms, dominant species on land Seagrasses – Marine flowering plants, not true grasses, mostly submerged Most related to the lily family Found in the tropics Salt marsh plants Cord Land grasses – true grasses plants, salt tolerant Submerged only at high tide Mangroves – shrubs and trees adapted to live along tropical and subtropical shores Tolerate salt Only roots are in the water Live only on land
