Religion Sparks Reform
An effort to improve life in
America during the mid-1800s
Journal Writing
► Describe
the ideal society. Would it have
rules and standards? If so, what kind?
What kind of values would it seek to
promote among its members?
Second Great Awakening
►A
broad religious
movement that swept
the US after 1790.
► Revival- large
gatherings where
some preachers could
draw audiences of
20,000 or more to
outdoor camps.
Charles Grandison Finney
Roots of Pitman trace back to Second Great
Awakening
Camp Meetings – Pitman NJ
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June 1871 : Pitman Grove was born from a
Methodist camp roots
Group of Methodist ministers established Pitman
Grove because of its desirable and convenient
setting
Oak and Chestnut wooded area
Pitman Grove Camp Meeting Auditorium was built in
the center with 12 avenues leading out from the
auditorium in the center- represent 12 disciples of
Christ
Streets were lined with tents; later replaced with
small cottages
Pitman Grove – Ariel View
Social Reform Movements
► 1.
► 2.
► 3.
► 4.
► 5.
Transcendentalism
Unitarianism
Utopian Communities
Prison/Asylum Reform
Education Reform
Social Reform Movements
► Title
 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.
of your movement: _______________
Who? Are there any names associated
with your movement?
What? What did your group stand for?
What were there beliefs?
Where? Is there a region most
associated with that group?
When? Time period?
How? How was the work being
accomplished?
1. Transcendentalism
 1. Who:
Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry
David Thoreau (Walden)
 2. What: Self-reliant, inner freedoms,
celebrated beauty of nature.
 3. Where: New England
 4. When: mid 1800s
 5. How: civil disobedience - to
peacefully refuse to obey laws.
2. Unitarianism
 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.
Who? William Ellery Channing, wealthy,
educated
What? Emphasized reason and appeals
to conscience as the paths to perfection
Where? New England
When? Early 1800s
How? Believed conversion was a
gradual process.
3. Utopian Communities
 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.
Who? George Ripley
What? Tried to create a “perfect” place.
Shared common goals such as self
sufficiency.
Where? Brook Farm – Boston; New
Harmony - Indiana
When? 1840s
How? Removed themselves from
society and lived among each other.
4. Prison/Asylum Reform
 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.
Who? Dorothea Dix
What? Improving conditions of prisons.
Separating mentally ill from criminals.
Where? Massachusetts
When? 1840s & 1850s
How? Sent a report to Mass.
Legislature. Public hospitals built.
Rehabilitation for criminals.
5. Education Reform





1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Who? Horace Mann
What? Improve public education
Where? Pennsylvania & Massachusetts
When? Mid 1800s
How? Public tax dollars to fund schools.
Teacher training program. Curriculum
reform.
6. Temperance
 1. Who:
Calvinist clergy, evangelical
ministers, lay people
 2. What: Crusade against sale and
consumption of alcohol
 3. Where: New England, New York,
Midwest
 4. When: mid 1800s
 5. How:
sign a petition of abstinence
from alcohol. Later lobbied
legislatures for prohibition.
Women’s Suffrage
 1. Who:
Elizabeth Cady Stanton,
Lucretia Mott, Susan B.
Anthony
 2. What: Women’s right to vote.
 3. Where: New York
 4. When: mid 1800s
 5. How: Seneca Falls Convention.
Declaration of Sentiments.
Political Party Design
 You
are starting a new political party called
the Reform party. You will work in small
groups to design various elements to
describe your new political party. The
foundation of your political party will be
based on any of the reform movements
discussed in class.
Political Party Design
► Visual
elements needed for political parties:
 1. Written Campaign Speech
 2. Campaign Poster
 3. Campaign Bumper Sticker
Political Party Design
► Written
campaign Speech
 Introduce your political party.
 What is the basic ideas of your party? Who are
your leaders? What are some of the
accomplishments of your party? General
Overview
Political Party Design
► Campaign
Poster
 Visual display of your political parties beliefs.
 Use large white construction paper and use a
lot of color.
 Have a picture or design accompanied by
campaign slogans. Be creative.
Political Party Design
► Bumper
Stickers
 Use narrow strips of paper.
 Catchy campaign slogan should dominate your
bumper sticker.
 Use color and be creative.