Foundation year WEEK TWO English Language Reading - ENGL 102 Lecturer: Ola Ahmed Refaat Academic year 2015 / 2016 1 Points to be covered this week: What is Nonfiction? (p. 12) Reading “I’ll Think of It”. New Vocabulary in your reading. (Ex. 1 p. 4 + Ex. 3 p. 6) Word Parts. (Ex. 1 p. 62 + Ex. 3 p. 65) Synonyms. (Ex. 9 p.93) 2 What is Nonfiction? • Nonfiction is about real people, places, or things, for example, history, science, psychology, travel, nature, a person’s biography, or other real-life subjects. In nonfiction books, the writer gives facts and information that he or she says are true. 3 Word Parts: Word parts are often made of different parts. If you know the meaning of some of the parts, you can easily understand the meaning of the whole word. The ROOT is the most important part of a word. e.g.: Helpless (help + less) The root of the previous word is (HELP) and we add the suffix (LESS) to be part of the word. 4 Prefixes and Suffixes: A Prefix is a part added before the root. A prefix before the root changes the meaning of the word. e.g.: Unpleasant (un + pleasant) Prefix Root There are many prefixes that mean NOT. Such as, dis-, im-, non-, un-, ir-, in-. Sometimes a hyphen (-) is put between the prefix and the root. 5 A Suffix is a part added after the root. A suffix after the root usually changes the part of speech of a word, and it sometimes changes the meaning. e.g.: Pleasantly (pleasant + ly) Root Suffix Sometimes the spelling of the root changes when you add a suffix. e.g.: Happy + ness Happiness (y i) Some suffixes don’t change the part of speech. They change the meaning. e.g.: Small + er smaller (both are adjectives but smaller = more small) 6 Synonyms: A synonym is a word or phrase that has the same or similar meaning as another word or phrase. Writers often use synonyms in order not to repeat words. Sometimes the synonymous word or phrase is very similar in meaning. e.g.: little = small enjoy = like Writers can also use words or phrases that have a similar meaning but are more specific or more general. e.g.: animal = cat business = store 7 Assignment: Ex. 3 p.48. Ex. 2 p.63 + Ex. 4 p.66. Ex. 10 p.94. 8 References: 1. Reading Power 2 [Fourth Edition]. 2. Some internet sites, such as ISL collective.com, K12 Reader (Reading Instruction Resources), Cambridge University Press, and English For Everyone.org. 9 10