Foundation year
WEEK TWO
English Language
Reading - ENGL 102
Lecturer: Ola Ahmed Refaat
Academic year 2015 / 2016
1
Points to be covered this week:
 What is Nonfiction? (p. 12)
 Reading “I’ll Think of It”.
 New Vocabulary in your reading. (Ex. 1 p. 4 + Ex. 3 p.
6)
 Word Parts. (Ex. 1 p. 62 + Ex. 3 p. 65)
 Synonyms. (Ex. 9 p.93)
2
What is Nonfiction?
• Nonfiction is about real people, places, or things, for
example, history, science, psychology, travel, nature, a
person’s biography, or other real-life subjects. In
nonfiction
books,
the
writer
gives
facts
and
information that he or she says are true.
3
Word Parts:
 Word parts are often made of different parts. If you know
the meaning of some of the parts, you can easily
understand the meaning of the whole word.
 The ROOT is the most important part of a word.
e.g.:
Helpless (help + less)
 The root of the previous word is (HELP) and we add the
suffix (LESS) to be part of the word.
4
Prefixes and Suffixes:
 A Prefix is a part added before the root. A prefix before the
root changes the meaning of the word.
e.g.: Unpleasant (un + pleasant)
Prefix
Root
 There are many prefixes that mean NOT. Such as, dis-,
im-, non-, un-, ir-, in-.
 Sometimes a hyphen (-) is put between the prefix and the
root.
5
 A Suffix is a part added after the root. A suffix after the
root usually changes the part of speech of a word, and it
sometimes changes the meaning.
e.g.: Pleasantly (pleasant + ly)
Root
Suffix
 Sometimes the spelling of the root changes when you add
a suffix.
e.g.: Happy + ness
Happiness (y
i)
 Some suffixes don’t change the part of speech. They
change the meaning.
e.g.: Small + er
smaller (both are adjectives but
smaller = more small)
6
Synonyms:
 A synonym is a word or phrase that has the same or
similar meaning as another word or phrase. Writers often
use synonyms in order not to repeat words.
 Sometimes the synonymous word or phrase is very similar
in meaning.
e.g.: little = small
enjoy = like
 Writers can also use words or phrases that have a similar
meaning but are more specific or more general.
e.g.: animal = cat
business = store
7
Assignment:
 Ex. 3 p.48.
 Ex. 2 p.63 + Ex. 4 p.66.
 Ex. 10 p.94.
8
References:
1. Reading Power 2 [Fourth Edition].
2. Some internet sites, such as ISL collective.com, K12
Reader (Reading Instruction Resources), Cambridge
University Press, and English For Everyone.org.
9
10