Name:
Date:
Block:
Topographic Ocean Descriptions Notes
_________________ Zone
 The area where ___________________________
 _________________ Shores
 ________________________
 ________________ changing water _________________
 It includes the area where ___________________meets
_____________________ = __________________
 The rivers that flow into estuaries can carry ___________
ex. Pesticides, ________________ and industrial waste
_______________________ Zone
 The area from _________________line out to the edge of the
____________________________________.
 Large ________________ of organisms live here
 Most of the world’s _______________grounds found here.
Kelp ____________________
 The kelp forest is made of ________________ called giant kelp.
 Giant kelp grows in cool ___________________ waters where
____________________ can go down to a rocky sea floor.
 Kelp needs ________________ in order to _______________.
 Kelp consists of at least three parts: the _______________, ______________,
and __________________.
 Giant kelp is one of the world's ________________ growing plants. It can grow
as much as _____________ feet in a single year.
 The kelp forest provides _______________ and ________________ for many
animals.
Upwellings
 The _________________ of cold water upward from the ___________ ocean.
 As the winds blow away the warm ____________water, cold water
___________ and _______________ it.
 __________________ brings up tiny ocean _______________, minerals and
other nutrients from the _______________ of the water.
 Why are huge schools of fish usually found in zones of upwelling?
Coral Reef
 Coral reefs are one of the ______________ biologically __________________
ecosystems on earth because of _______________ and
_________________food supply.
 Each component of a coral reef is _________________ upon and
____________________ with countless other plants, animals and organisms.
 Coral is a substance that is ______________ by the _____________ of sea
_____________________
 Harder - Coral is a ________________ formation formed in the sea by
______________ of tiny animals called _______________.
 Coral animals _____________live in water cooler than ___(18 °C), therefore
coral reefs are found mostly in _________, _____________, and
_______________ seas.
 Coral reefs are in ______________ because of water pollution from
________________ and agricultural _______________.
 When a coral reef dies it leaves a skeleton of _________________________
young corals ______________ themselves to the old skeleton to start a new
cycle.
Arctic Ocean
 _______________ of the 5 oceans
 Located __________________ Europe, Asia, and North America
 A _______________ of air, oceans, rivers and ____________________
 ___________________ - Oil, gas fields, fish (marine mammals-whales and
seals, sand, gravel, precious stones, nodules
 ______________________ marine species, ie, walrus, whales, polar bears
 _______________ ecosystem that is very slow to ____________ from damage.
 However, the Antarctic ozone hole has caused the amount of ______________
in the Southern Ocean to drop by as much as _____ which could eventually
have an impact on the whole ______________________.
_________________________ Vent
 A hydrothermal vent is a ________________ on the __________________.
 It ___________________ a ________________ community of organisms.
 They have been found in the ______________, Indian, and most recently, the
________________ Ocean.
 Most occur at an average ___________ of about 2,100 meters (7,000 ft) in
areas of seafloor ______________ along the ___________________________
system.
 It heats up to ______________degrees C and is very ____________________.
Open Ocean
 Oceans cover about _______ of the _____________ surface.
 The oceans contain about ________ of the Earth’s _____________________.
 There are ____ recognized oceans: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic.
 The oceans greatly affect _________________ and __________________.
Currents distribute ______________________around the globe, helping to
cool and heat the land near it. Ex. Land and sea breezes
 Average depth is about ________ miles (40 laps in the gym)
 Average temp. is ______ degrees F
 _______________- seaweed, algae, sea grasses, and marine flowering plants
 _______________- worms, jellies, corals, sea anemones, mollusks
(________________________)
 ____________________ - fish, birds, mammals, plankton
*___________________ - offshore oil drilling, oil spills, __________________,
overfishing, habitat destruction, and _____________________