Catalyst
1. What are the trends for ionization energy on
the Periodic Table?
2. Sort from lowest to highest IE: C, F, O
3. Sort from highest to lowest IE: Mg, Ca, Sr
End
Quiz
• You have 20 minutes to complete the quiz
• This should be done without notes and should
be completed silently.
Homework Review and Exit Slip Solutions
Exit Ticket
1. Draw the Bohr structure for Phosphorus
2. How many electrons must it gain/lose to
satisfy the Octet Rule? What will the charge of
its ion be? GAIN 3 e-’s to become P3- (anion)
3. What is wrong with the drawing below?
Fire!
Justify – TPS
• Why did sodium and magnesium produce very
different results when they were lit on fire?
Lecture 1.5 – Metals, Nonmetals,
Semimetals and Periodic Groups
Today’s Learning Targets
• LT 1.5 – I can identify an element as being an
alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition
metal, halogen, or Noble Gas. I can explain
how electrons lead to these properties.
• LT 1.6 – I can identify an element as being a
metal, non-metal, or semimetal.
Essential Point
• Elements in the same group have similar
properties because they have the same number
of valence electrons.
Alkali Metals
• Group 1A or Group 1
• 1 valence electron
• Highly reactive with
water.
• Cannot find these
elements on their own
in the world.
Alkaline Earth Metals
• Group 2A or 2
• 2 valence electrons
• Highly reactive, but not
as reactive as Alkali
Metals
Halogens
• Group 7A or 17
• 7 valence electrons
• This is the most reactive
group on the Periodic
Table because it only
needs to get 1 electron
Noble Gases
•
•
•
•
Group 8A or 18
8 valence electrons
Non-reactive
It already has a full
octet, so there is no
need to react.
Transition Metals
• Groups 3 through 12
• They have the typical
properties of metals
(conductor, malleable,
etc.)
SUMMARIZE
The Magic of Cell Phones
Justify – TPS
• What properties of the SIM card do you
think allows for it to store so much
information?
Metals, Non-metals, and Semimetals
Metals – Common Characteristics
• Shiny
• Solids at room temperature
• Metals are malleable
– Malleable - Able to be hammered/pressed
permanently out
• Metals are good conductors of heat or
electricity
– Conduct –Heat or electricity can flow through a
given material.
Non-Metals – Common Characteristics
•
•
•
•
Dull
Gases at room temperature
Not malleable
Poor conductors of heat and electricity, so we
call them insulators.
– Insulators – Substances that resist the flow of heat
or electricity.
Semi-Metals – Common
Characteristics
• A select group of elements that have
characteristics of both metals and non-metals.
• Look metallic, but are brittle.
• They are neither good nor bad conductors or
insulators, so we call them semi-conductors.
Locating On the Periodic
Table
• The “staircase” separates
metals from non-metals on
the Periodic Table
• Elements to the left of the
staircase are metals
• Elements to the right of the
staircase are non-metals
• Elements that touch the
staircase (except aluminum)
are semimetals.
EXCEPTION TO THE RULE!
• Hydrogen is located to the left of the staircase
• Hydrogen is a non-metal.
SUMMARIZE
What Group Does It Belong In?
• With your partner, sort the card that you were
handed into the category of metal, non-metal,
or semimetal.
• Try to do this without your notes!
Color By Number
• With the Periodic Table
you were handed, use
colors to label the
following groups:
1. Alkali Metals
2. Alkaline Earth Metals
3. Transition Metals
4. Halogens
5. Noble Gases
6. Number of valence
electrons for groups 1A –
8A (skip the transition
metals)
Exit Ticket
1. Sodium belongs to what group on the
Periodic Table?
2. Arsenic is a metal, non-metal, or semimetal?
3. A student states that fluorine is a metal that
is part of the noble gas family. What is wrong
with this statement?
4. Why do all alkali metals demonstrate a
similar reactivity?
Rate Yourself
• Based on the exit ticket and your current level
of understanding, rate yourself 1 – 4 on LT 1.5
and 1.6
Closing Time
• Homework 1.4 – Metals, Nonmetals,
Semimetals, and Periodic Groups due
Wednesday