Name ________________________________________ Period _________________ date ______________
1. Biology midterm exam review (chapters 1,2,7-11)
MY EXAM IS ON _________________________________
Chapter 1 The Science of Biology
1. What characteristics do all living things share? pg17
2. Birds flying south is an example of which characteristic?___________________________________
3. A food web is an example of which characteristic?________________________________________
4. Define homeostasis? _______________________________________________________________
5. What is the smallest object a biologist can study? ___________________________________
6. Cells come in many shapes and sizes. What does this specialization allow for?
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. Would a scientist who studies one branch of biology, like evolution, need to know about any other branches
of biology? _______________________________________________________________________
8. Define scientific hypothesis
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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9. How many variables are test during a controlled experiment? ______________________________________
10. Define theory. ___________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life
1. Name the three parts of an atom. ____________________________________________________________
2. Atomic number = _____________________________________
3. Atomic mass = _______________________________________
4. When chemicals react with each other, atoms are not created or destroyed, they are ____________________
5. Give the monomer for the polymer (macromolecule)
a. Carbohydrates - _________________________________
b. protein-_______________________________________
c. DNA-__________________________________
6. What two molecules are lipids made of? ___________________________________________
7. What is the function of DNA ______________________________________________________________
8. What is the function of proteins
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Draw a graph for a reaction that absorbs energy.
10. What is a catalyst? ________________________________________________________________________
11. Are all catalysts enzymes? ______________________________
12. Is a catalyst “used up” during a chemical reaction? ______________________________________________
13. What is an enzyme? _______________________________________________________________________
14. Enzymes work best at a specific _______________________ and _________________________.
15. How do enzymes speed up a chemical reaction?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
16. What determines an enzymes function? _______________________________________________________
17. What is meant by the “lock and key” model?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function
1. List the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from simplest to most complex.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. What invention made the discovery of cells possible? ______________________________
3. ________________________________ cells lack a nucleus while ______________________________ cells
enclose their DNA in a nucleus.
4. What is the relationship between the nucleus and the cytoplasm?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the function of the cell membrane? ____________________________________________________
6. What is the function of the Golgi body? _______________________________________________________
7. What is the function of the Endoplasmic reticulum? _____________________________________________
8. What is the function of the mitochondria? _____________________________________________________
9. What organelle is found in plants but not animals? ______________________________________________
10. Which two organelles are involved in energy conversion? _________________________________________
11. Describe what happens during diffusion as equilibrium is reached
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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12. What is osmosis? ________________________________________________________________________
a. Why does an animal cell burst if placed in fresh water?
_________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 8 Photosynthesis
1. Draw and label an ATP molecule.
2. What is the difference between ATP and ADP? ___________________________________
3. Define autotroph ________________________________________________________________________
4. Define heterotroph _______________________________________________________________________
5. Write the overall equation for photosynthesis?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
6. What gas is given off? __________________________________
7. The energy needed to power photosynthesis comes from ___________________________________.
8. Is oxygen required for a candle to burn? _________________________________
9. What would happen to sugar production if carbon dioxide is completely removed from a plants environment?
__________________________________________________
10. Draw a graph that represents the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis.
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration
1. Write the equation for cellular respiration
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. Cellular respiration occurs in ___________________________________________.
3. Cellular respiration releases the energy in _________________________________.
4. Cellular respiration is call aerobic because it requires _________________________________.
5. How do animals get the energy they need?
____________________________________________________________________________________
6. In what way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration opposite?
____________________________________________________________________________________
7. Glycolysis starts with what molecule? _____________________________
8. If oxygen is available, glycolysis is followed by _____________________________________________
9. How many molecules of ATP are produced for each glucose molecule? ____________________________
10. Where does lactic acid fermentation occur? ___________________________________
Chapter 10 Cell growth, Division and Reproduction
1. Cells need to be small so they can _________________________________________________________
2. DNA is replicated during _______________________________________ of the cell cycle.
3. Draw and label a typical chromosome (in its replicated state)
4. What is the difference between cell division and mitosis?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. List the phases of mitosis in order. _________________________________________________________
6. During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle? __________________________
7. When are the chromosomes visible? _______________________________________________________
8. Cancer is disorder in which cell have lost the ability to control their ______________________________.
9. What are stem cells? ____________________________________________________________________
Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics
1. Mendel’s principles apply to __________________________________________________
2. Define alleles _______________________________________________________________________
3. A heterozygous tall plant is crossed with a short plant. What is the probability that an F1 plant will be tall?
______________________________
4. Define homozygous ____________________________________________________________________
5. Define heterozygous ____________________________________________________________________
6. Tt x TT What are the phenotypes of the offspring? ______________________________________
7. If a plant is tt what is true of it parents?
8. If an organism’s diploid number is 10, what is its haploid number? _________________________
9. Gametes are produced by the process of ________________________________
10.
Mitosis produces __________________________ cells while meiosis produces ___________________
11.
Define crossing-over
___________________________________________________________________
12.
How is meiosis I different from mitosis?
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