Phy. Sci. Work & Machines Worksheet I Name ________________ Sect___
I.
Work
A. Define work
B. Formula
C. Units of work
II.
Mechanical Advantage
a. Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) Define and give examples of formula:
b. Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA) Define and give formula:
A. Input force (E)
B. Output force (R)
C. Input Work (define and give formula)
D. Output Work (define and give formula)
E. Advantages of machines(give a specific example of a machine and how it does this)
1. Multiplying force
2. Multiplying distance of a force
3. Changing direction of a force
4. Changing the location of a force
Physical Science Work and Machines Worksheet II Name _______________Sect _____
F. Efficiency of Machines
1. Define
2. Formula
III.
Simple Machines: Describe how each of the following works. What advantage does it provide?
A. Lever
B. Pulley
a. Fixed
b. Movable
C. Wheel & Axel
D. Inclined Plane
E. Wedge
F. Screw
G. Compound Machines
1. Define
2. Give an example
3. Gears
IV.
Examples of machines in the Human Body
A. Levers
B. Wedges
Calculations related to Simple Machines
Machine
Lever
Pulley
Wheel & Axel
Inclined Plane
Wedge
Screw
Input Work
Output Work
IMA
Name ______________Sect ____
AMA
Efficiency
Theoretical
Effort
Calculations related to Simple Machines
Machine
Input
Work(IW)
Output
Work(OW)
IMA
KEY
AMA
Efficiency
Output work
R/E
Input work
Theoretical
Effort (TE)
R/IMA
X 100
Lever
Pulley
Wheel & Axel
E x DE
R x DR
DE = Distance
the your Effort
moved
DR = Distance
that the
Resistance
was moved
E x DE
R x DR
E x DE
R x DR
LE/LR
R/E
LE = Length of the
effort arm
Output work
R/IMA
Input work
X 100
LR = Length of
the resistance
arm
# supporting
strands with last
on not pulling
down down
R/E
Radius (wheel)
R/E
Output work
R/IMA
Input work
X 100
Radius (axel)
Output work
R/IMA
Input work
X 100
Inclined Plane
(Ramp)
E x Run
R x Rise
Run/Rise
R/E
Output work
R/IMA
Input work
X 100
Wedge
ExRun(length)
Rx
Rise(width)
Run/Rise or
R/E
Length/Width
Output work
R/IMA
Input work
X 100
Screw
E x DE
R x DR
# threads
(2.5xLength(cm))
R/E
Output work
Input work
X 100
R/IMA
Physical Science
Work & Machines Worksheet III
Name _______________Sect____
I. If a resistance of 200 N is placed 1 meter from the wheel. It is being lifted .1 m. A force of 70 N is applied 3 m away
from the wheel. The effort is lifting .3 m on the handles. Find the following:
1. Input work:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Output work:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. IMA:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. AMA:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Efficiency:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
6. TE:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
II. In the diagram on the left, a 9m board is used to raise a 500 N force up a total distance of 2 m.
It takes a force of 120 N to push the box up the slope. Find the following:
7.
Input work:
______________________________________________________________________________________
8.
Output work:
______________________________________________________________________________________
9.
IMA:
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. AMA:
______________________________________________________________________________________
11. Efficiency:
______________________________________________________________________________________
12. TE:
______________________________________________________________________________________
III. In a pulley system on the left, an effort of 60 N is pulling 4 m of rope. The 200 N weight is lifted 1 m.
Find the following:
13. Input work:
____________________________________________________________________________________
14. Output work:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
15. IMA:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
16. AMA:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
17. Efficiency:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
18. TE:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Physical Science Simple Machines Worksheet IV
Name: ___________________________ Sect _______
IV. In the diagram on the left, the wheel has a radius of 8 cm. The axle has a radius of 2 cm. The
resistance applied at the larger weight is 1000 N and the effort force applied at the smaller weight is 280 N. The effort p
is applied through a distance of 10 m to lift the larger mass 2.5 m.
Find the following:
19. Input work:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
20. Output work:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
21. IMA:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
22. AMA:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
23. Efficiency:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
24. TE:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
V. An industrial wedge on the left is 30 cm long and 6 cm wide. A force of 740 N is applied to the top
of the wedge with a sledge hammer to drive the wedge all the way into the wood. 2800 N is applied to the wood to split
it.
. Find the following:
25. Input work:
________________________________________________________________________________________________
26. Output work: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
27. IMA:
________________________________________________________________________________________________
28. AMA:
________________________________________________________________________________________________
29. Efficiency:
________________________________________________________________________________________________
30. TE:
________________________________________________________________________________________________
VI . This bolt is 3.5 cm long with 11 threads. What is the IMA: _____________________________________________________
Physical Science Simple Machines Lab Names____________________________________ Section _____
I.
Fixed Pulley Station
A. Find the grams of the Resistance (R) and record. ________________________________________________________________(R)
B. Count the number of supporting strands and record._________________________________________________________________
C. Pull the spring scale down 20 cm (DE).
Measure and record E__________________ and DR _______________________
D. Did the direction of force change: _______________________________________________________________________________
Calculate the following:
1. Input Work: ____________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Output Work: ___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. IMA: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. AMA: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Efficiency: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Theoretical Effort: _______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Movable Pulley Station
A. Find the grams needed to lift the resistance (R) and record. _________________________________________________________(R)
B. Pull the spring scale up 20 cm(DE).
Measure and record E: _______________________ D R:_________________________
C. Count the number of supporting strands: __________________________________________________________________________
D. Did the direction of force change: ________________________________________________________________________________
Calculate the following:
7. Input Work: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Output Work: ____________________________________________________________________________________________
9. IMA: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. AMA: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. Efficiency: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
12. Theoretical Effort: ________________________________________________________________________________________
III. Compound Pulley (Block and Tackle) Station A
A. Find the grams of the resistance (R) and record.___________________________________________________________________(R)
B. Pull the spring scale up 20 cm(DE) & measure and record the E_____________________ and DR____________________________________________
C. Count the number of supporting strands and record. __________________________________________________________________
D. Did the direction of force change: ________________________________________________________________________________
Calculate the following:
13. Input Work: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
14. Output Work: ____________________________________________________________________________________________
15. IMA: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
16. AMA: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
17. Efficiency: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
18. Theoretical Effort: ________________________________________________________________________________________
IV.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Lever Station
Find the grams of the resistance (R) and record. ___________________________________________________________________ (R)
Pull the spring scale 5 cm. down(DE). & measure and record the following DR: __________________ E: ____________________
Did the direction of force change: __________________________________________________________________________________
Measure and record: LE ________________________________________ &
LR ________________________________________
Calculate the following:
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Input Work: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
Output Work: ___________________________________________________________________________________________
IMA: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
AMA: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Efficiency: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Theoretical Effort: _______________________________________________________________________________________
V.
Compound Pulley Station B
A. Find the grams of the resistance (R) and record. ______________________________________________________________ (R)
B. Pull the spring scale down 20 cm. (DE) Measure and record: E ______________________ D R _______________________
C. Count the number of supporting strands. _____________________________________________________________________
D. Did the direction of force change: ____________________________________________________________________________
Calculate the following:
25. Input Work: _________________________________________________________________________________________
26. Output Work: _______________________________________________________________________________________
27. IMA: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
28. AMA: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
29. Efficiency: _________________________________________________________________________________________
30. Theoretical Effort: ___________________________________________________________________________________
VI. Inclined Plane (Ramp) Station
A. Find the grams of the resistance (R)_________________________________________________________________________ (R)
B. Place the mass at the mark on the bottom of the ramp(A).
C. Pull the weight from the bottom(A) to the mark on the ramp (B). Measure A to B: __________________________________(DE)
D. Measure and record the following: DR: ___________________________________
E: ________________________________
E. Did the direction of force change: ______________________________________________________________________________
Calculate the following:
31. Input Work: ________________________________________________________________________________________
32. Output Work: ______________________________________________________________________________________
33. IMA: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
34. AMA: ____________________________________________________________________________________________
35. Efficiency: ________________________________________________________________________________________
36. Theoretical Effort: __________________________________________________________________________________
VII. Inclined Plane (Bolt) Station
37. Count the number of threads on the bolt:______________________________________________________________________
38. Measure the length of the bolt: ______________________________________________________________________________
39. Calculate the IMA of the bolt: ______________________________________________________________________________
VIII.
Wheel & Axle Station
A. Find the grams of the resistance____________________________________________________________________________(R).
B. Find: Radius of Wheel_______________________ Axle_____________________________
C. Pull the spring scale down 20 cm(DE). Measure E: ______________________________________________________________
D. Measure the following: DR: _________________________________________________________________________________
E. Did the direction of force change: _____________________________________________________________________________
Calculate the following:
40. Input Work: ___________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Output Work: __________________________________________________________________________________________
42. IMA: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
43. AMA: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
44. Efficiency: ___________________________________________________________________________________________
45. Theoretical Effort: _____________________________________________________________________________________