Velocity
Definition: the speed and direction of
motion of an object.
meters per second (m/s)
Example: The car moved at a velocity
of 20 m/s toward the east.
Acceleration
Definition: the rate of change in
velocity as a function of time.
meters per second
squared (m/s2)
Example: The falling rock accelerated
at a constant rate of 9.8m/s2.
Velocity
1s
|
Acceleration
2s
|
3s
|
4s
|
Mass
Definition: how much the object will
resist change to velocity.
kilograms (kg)
Example: The table was hard to move
because it had a large mass.
Weight
Definition: the force of gravity on an
object.
Example: Your weight is less on the
Moon than on Earth.
Force
Definition: a “pushing” or “pulling”
on an object.
Newtons (N)
Example: I applied a force to move
the chair.
Fnorm
Fgrav
Normal
Force
Definition: a force perpendicular to the
object’s contact surface.
Fnorm
Fnorm
Fnorm
Ffrict
F grav
Friction
Definition: the force that acts opposite to
the motion of one object in contact with
another object.
Example: the force of friction
opposed the motion of the sliding
box, slowing it down.
Fnorm
F frict
Fgrav
Fapp
Net Force
Definition: the vector sum
of forces.
Fnet = 15 N up
Static Friction
Definition: friction that prevents the sliding
motion between two objects.
Newtons (N)
Example: the static friction between
the basketball player’s sneakers and the
floor kept him from sliding.
f
F
norm
static
F
grav
Finish
Line
Kinetic Friction
Definition: friction that occurs between
two objects when when one object
slides against another
Newtons (N)
Example: the kinetic friction from rubbing
my hands together warmed them on the
cold winter’s night.
f
F
norm
kinetic
F
grav
Newton’s first law of motion
The Law of Inertia
an object at rest
stays at rest
an object in motion
stays in motion
with the same
velocity
unless acted
upon by an
unbalanced
force
Newton’s second law of motion
The acceleration of an object
produced by a net applied force
is directly related to
the magnitude of the force,
and inversely related to
the mass of the object
The net force equals mass times acceleration
Fnet = ma
Newton’s third law of motion
for every action (force)
there is an equal and opposite
reaction (force).
Example: the angry
bird exerts a force on
the blocks and the
blocks exert an equal
and opposite force
back.