Election of 1912
TR, Taft, and Wilson
Today’s Objective
 After today’s lesson, students will be able to…
 Describe the achievements and beliefs of Roosevelt, Taft, and
Wilson
 Explain the significance of the 1912 presidential election
 Essential Skill
 Explicitly assess information and draw conclusions
Roosevelt v. Wilson
 Working alone or with a fellow classmate, complete the
chart using your notes
 After completing the chart, turn to the back of the page
and answer the questions.
 I will be around to answer any questions
1912
1912 Election Results
 6.2 Million for Wilson (less than a majority)
 4.1 Million for Roosevelt
 3.4 Million for Taft
 0.9 Million for Debs
 How does this election differ from other presidential
elections?
1908
1908
Ballinger-Pinchot
Affair
 Helped split the Republicans
and drive a wedge in
between Roosevelt and Taft
Political
Party
Theodore
Roosevelt
Republican turned
Progressive (Bull Moose)
Party
1912
• New Nationalism
Platform • Protect workers, ensure
(name
public health, regulate
and
business
general • “Return to Progressive
descriptio Ideals”
n
Examples
of
•
1903 Elkins Act—RR’s will
corporate be fined if they provide
regulatio
special rebates to favored
n / antishippers
trust
• 1906 Hepburn Act—
efforts
regulated RR rate & set
maximums
• 1904—Breaking up of
Northern Securities Trust
Democratic Party
•
•
•
•
•
New Freedom
Tariff reduction
Banking reform
Stronger antitrust legislation
Triple wall of privilege
“banks/tariffs/trusts
• 1913 Underwood Tariff Act—
lowest level in 50 years
• 1914 Clayton Antitrust Act—
strengthened Sherman Antitrust
Act, legalized strikes, boycotts,
picketing prohibited buying
stock of competing companies
• 1914 created Federal Trade
Woodrow
Wilson
Theodore Roosevelt
• 1902 United
Examples
Mineworkers Strike in
of efforts
intervention on laborers
on behalf
behalf
of labor /
ordinary • Square Deal
Americans • 1905 Antiquities Act –
Woodrow Wilson
Poor civil rights record
• Segregated the Federal
Government
•
established Forest
Service and National
Monuments
Reform
efforts
(most
significant
and/or
noteworth
y
1906 Meat Inspection
Act
• 1906 Pure Food and
Drug Act
• 1902 Newlands
Reclamation Act –
Federal govt distributes
water in SW
•
16th Amendment –graduated
income tax (1913)
• Fed. Reserve Act—created Fed.
Reserve from which banks can
borrow to prevent collapse
• 3 tiered system—Fed. Reserve
Bank, 12 Fed. Reserve Banks,
private banks
•
Roosevelt Presidency
 Corporate Regulations
 Bureau of Corporations
 Elkins Act (1903) – No rebates; everybody pays same on railroads
 Northern Securities decision (1904) – Trust in violation of Sherman
Antitrust Act
 Hepburn Act (1908) – Restricted bribery and strengthened ICC
 Prosecuted 44 trusts
Roosevelt Presidency
 Labor
 Department of Commerce and Labor (1903)
 1902 Coal Strike Resolution
 Muller v. Oregon (1908)
 Upheld restrictions on length of work for women
 National Consumer’s League
 Children’s Bureau and Women’s Bureau
William Howard Taft
 Becomes a conservative representative
 Department of Labor
 Prosecuted 90 trusts
 16th Amendment
 Congress can place an income tax on population
Woodrow Wilson
 1st two years = “assault on triple wall of privilege”
 Tariffs
 Underwood-Simmons Tariff Bill (1913)
 Lowered Tariff
 Banks
 Federal Reserve Act (1913)
 Created hierarchical banking system under federal control
 Trusts
 Federal Trade Commission Act (1914)
 Investigate businesses
 Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914)
 Strengthened Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Reform Achievements
 Roosevelt
 Environment
 Meat Inspection Act
 Pure Food and Drug Act
 Wilson
 19th Amendment
 Shortcomings in dealing
with race
 Roosevelt – Brownsville
Incident
 Wilson – Opposed federal
lynching law, upheld
segregation, disallowed
inter racial marriage