The Health of the body depends
on the health of its
interdependent systems
How are body systems
connected?
Review:
All cells of the body have the same basic
need for energy, nutrients and oxygen
to carry our their functions. All cells also
need to remove wastes. Body systems
work together to provide cells with what
they need.
Energy: all cells need energy to carry out
their life functions and food is the source
of energy.
When you eat your body breaks food down
into nutrients, which include
carbohydrates, fats and proteins. These all
can be broken down into energy, but the
main source for energy are carbohydrates,
and we typically get carbohydrates in the
form of sugar or glucose.
Cellular Respiration
(not just breathing!)
Respiratory System
Nose: Takes in oxygen
rich air
Windpipe: Directs
oxygen-rich air to lungs.
Lungs: Exchange
oxygen and carbon
dioxide, and remove
carbon dioxide through
the nose
Circulatory System
Heart: pumps blood
Veins: transports blood
from body cells
Arteries: transports
blood to body cells
Digestive System
Mouth: grinds up food
Esophagus: moves food to
stomach
Stomach: breaks down
and churns food
Small Intestine: breaks
food down into
nutrients so they can be
absorbed
Large intestine: processes
solid waste material
Anus: removes solid waste
material
Excretory System
Kidneys: filters blood to
produce urine
Ureters: transports urine
Bladder: stores urine
Urethra: Excretes urine
Its all connected
Activity
Questions 1-4, page 441
Core Lab: 12-1B
Perform Lab 12-1B found on page 442
Body Systems and Health
Class Discussion:
What helps our body to be healthy and
what makes us unhealthy?
Specifically, what will help certain body
systems?
Body Systems and Health
Review: All body systems work together. If
one system is not functioning properly then
the whole network of systems is disrupted.
The same goes for maintaining the health of
each body system ensures the health of the
whole body.
Diet, exercise and stress affect the health
of body systems
Blood Pressure and the Health of
the circulator system
Heart Rate: A fast beating heart pushes
blood quickly through the arteries,
building up blood pressure.
Blood Pressure continued…
Artery Size:
Large, open arteries conduct larger
volumes of blood, which produces low
blood pressure
Small , narrow or partly clogged arteries
conduct smaller volumes of blood,
which produces high blood pressure
Healthy vs. Unhealthy…you be
the judge
Blood Pressure continued…
Artery elasticity: Flexible arteries can
expand easily, letting more blood flow
through. Loss of elasticity results in
“hardening of the arteries”, this conditions
produces higher blood pressure.
Blood Viscosity ( low ability to flow): The
heart must work harder if blood viscosity
id greater than normal, which can happen
when the number of blood cells increases
due to illness or injury.
Blood Pressure continued…
Blood Volume: If a person looses lots of
blood due to injury, their blood pressure
will be low
Note: the average adult has 5L of blood,
that is about 8-9 coke bottles
Factors that affect blood pressure
There are a variety of things that can affect
blood pressure. Can you name 3 things
that will negatively affect blood pressure?
Here are 3 common factors
Cigarette smoking
High Fat diet
Lack of regular exercise
Body Systems in Balance
As your external environment (outside your
body) changes around you, your internal
environment (inside your body) is able to
maintain proper internal conditions that
your cells require, this balance is called
homeostasis.
All the body systems work together to
achieve homeostasis.
What Affects Homeostasis
There are two types of factors that effect
homeostasis.
Genetic Factors: There are things that you
inherit from one or both parents
Lifestyle Factors: These are factors that are
within your control. (Eg. Exercise, diet,
stress)
Diet and Nutrition, Exercise and
Stress
What effect do the above factors have on
the reparatory, circulatory, muscular,
digestive, excretory and nervous
systems?
Discuss and then complete activity
Activity
Group Work:
Learn about the four factors mentioned
before. Present information on the four
factors and the information that was
found.
Discuss the other factors that are listed
on page 449.
What is healthy?
Over the past few decades there has been lots
of research on what is most healthy and
many ideas have come and gone.
Here are some examples:
Butter vs. Margarine
Fad Diets
Limited number of heart beats in one life
Do you know of any other “old” views of what is
healthy?
Technology in support of
Homeostasis
Technology can be used to support or
even replace the function of an organ
or a body system.
A pacemaker, helps the heart to beat with a
steady rhythm
An insulin pump is a device that is
programmed to deliver a specific dose of
insulin a specific times in the day.
The Jarvik-7 is an artificial heat, they are
sometimes used because there are not
enough donors of human hearts.
Kidney Dialysis is used when the kidney no
longer function.
Class Discussion
Group work!
Within your group, answer the following
questions. Make sure you select someone to:
(1) Record
(2) Keep track of time
(3) Ask any questions that you have
(4) Report back to the class
Questions
Check your Understanding:
Page: 457
Checking Concepts 1-6
Understanding Key Ideas 7-9
Quiz!
Study for you quiz on Chapter 12!