Introduction. to Asbestos
Practices -1 hr.
DOS Course #49-5108
In-service #68110MMYY0000
By Dan Coyle
Registration Cards
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County Location
Course # 49-5108
FDID& City Code #
Completion Date MM-YY
Instructor: blank
County Code: relates to FDID
Registration Cards (cont.)
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Instructor Code
County Code
In-service Number
681100MMYY0000
Contact
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NYS Dept. of Labor
DOSH-ACB, Room 202
450 S. Salina St.
Syracuse 13202
(315) 479-3215
www.labor.state.ny.us, labor.ny.gov
www.alternativemodelingsolution.com
Talk Choices
• One Hour
general basics, code independent
• Two Hour
extreme work practices details – ICR56
Major CEO Points
• Always Licensed Contractors & Certified
People
• Survey or ID Friable & Non-friable ACM’s
• Notifications - Building, DOL, EPA
• Clearance & Visual Inspection
• Written Assurance of Removal Performed
for Work Area & Associated ACM’s
Talk Agenda
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I. Asbestos Background - preliminary
II. Regulatory Jurisdictions – gov’t
III. General Project Life Cycle - phases
IV. Statutory Credentials - permits
V. Project Oversight – who, what
VI. Project Abatement Basics - jargon
Talk Agenda (cont.)
• VII. Common Abatement Methods – ACM
types
• VIII. Variances – alternatives, difficulties
• IX. Enforcement – agencies, issues
• X. Web Pages – more information
• XI. Conclusion – good ideas
• XII. Proposed ICR56 Revisions – ?
I. Asbestos Background
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A Properties – why & what asbestos is
B. Health concerns – damage & diseases
C. Applications – materials & where found
D. Concept of asbestos project – abatement
A. Properties
• Fibrous mineral  small: micron size
• Various types  Canadian chrysotile,
amosite, & others
• Common & nice to use
• Heat insulator
• Material binder
B. Adverse Health Effects
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Lung Cancer & Smoking Risks
Synergistic, multipied => X
Mesothelioma of pleural lining – fatal
Asbestosis (lung capacity)- chronic
General Fibrosis (alveoli scarring)respirable dusts, not acute
• Gastrointestinal problems & skin?
C. Applications
• Common in older (Thermal System
Insulation) TSI’s, fireproofing
• Common in older plasters, tiles
• Common in built-in roofing, shingles
• Common in newer glues, mastics, sealants
• Many construction uses!
Why Excessive Exposure Risks
• Adverse Health Effects in Long Term  20
years + (smokers, contaminations?)
• Common in Construction Practices
• Exists in many places insulation, walls,
flooring, ceilings, patches
• Improper controls for exposure risks
• Friable vs non-friable ACM’s ** breaking
ACM Types
• Asbestos Containing Materials
• Friable: easily crumbled by hand- TSI’s,
fireproofing, plasters, severely damaged
• Non-friables: fibers encapsulated & difficult
to break up, VAT, asphalt, organically
bound
• Cementatious can be pulverized easily
D. Concept of Asbestos Project
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Inspect for damaged and undamaged ACM
Survey- ACM’s discovered
In conjunction w/ demolition or renovation
Project management options of removal,
repair, enclosure, or encapsulation
• Project completion & clearance
Abatement Options
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Removal – ACM’s all gone
Enclosure – air tight construction around
Encapsulation – surface or bridging
All require same project procedures!
Repair – substrate spot removal & sealant
Operations & Maintenance – housekeeping,
repairs
Renovations
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Survey for “Impacted Suspect Materials”
Portions built before 01January1974
Employees to be Notified of ACM’s
All Materials Presumed ACM’s &
All Waste is assumed Regulated ACM
(RACM) w/o survey
Demolitions
• New Definition Remove load bearing
member?
• Survey Required 5.1, p41; LL Section 241
Paragraph 10, built before 01 Jan. 1974
• CEO, ACB, & Site copies
• Structurally unsound & Ag bldgs.-no survey
• Abatement & Clearance Normally
II. Jurisdictions
• A. USEPA: Air pollutants, schools
• B. OSHA: Industry, construction, etc.
• C. NYSDEC: Solid Waste Facilities &
Transporter Permits- transfer stations also
• D. NYSDOL: Asbestos projects
A. USEPA: 40CFR Part 763
AHERA: schools
• Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act
from Clean Air Act
• Survey & test building interiors
• Renovation surveys & management plans
for response actions to maintain ACM’s
AHERA (cont.)
• Final air clearances for large scale / long
duration projects in schools
• NYS Education Dept. & DOH –
enforcement agents
• Compliance w/ OSHA, state abatement, &
all applicable regulations
USEPA: 40CFR Part 61
NESHAP: air quality
• National Emission Standards for Hazardous
Air Pollutants
• Demolition surveys
• Qualified supervisor
• Notifications for demolitions & renovations
of major quantity RACM’s (friables)
• Special disposal of RACM’s
NESHAP ACM Types
• Regulated Asbestos Containing Materials
• Friable (RACM): surfacing- TSI, plasters,
fireproofing & trowelled joint compound?
• Category II Non-friables: transite
• Category I Non-friables: VAT, built-up
roofing, shingles, glues /mastics, & window
glazing /caulks?
B. OSHA
• 1. General Industry Standard
• 2. Construction Standard- 29CFR
1926.1101
• 3. Other S& H Standards
1. General Industry Standard
• 29CFR 1910.1001 Asbestos
• Employee Communication- surveys,
exposure notification, training
• Medical surveillance & records
• Regulated areas of exposure risks
• Special work practices to suit industry
General Industry Standard (cont.)
• Engineering controls – low risk &
containment
• PPE - hygiene, respirators
• Housekeeping – janitorial, O&M
• Administrative measures – employee
rotations, common sense, etc.
2. Construction Standard
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29CFR 1926.1101 Asbestos
Starting point for project methods
Basic work practices for 4 project classes
By ACM types & amounts- classes
Abatement industry
OSHA Project Class I
friables (TSI, surface coatings) 
NPE’s (Negative Pressure Enclosures),
Wet removals & stripping of surfaces
Disposal in leak tight packages (e.g.
bags)
• Greater than 10 square & 25 linear feet
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Class II
• non-friables (NOB’s & transite)  bulk
removals, not strips
• Caulking, glazing, glues, shingles, tiles,
• critical barriers indoors
• Housekeeping & prompt clean up
• And disposal in leak tight containers (e.g.
dumpsters)
Class III
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O&M (Operations & Maintenance)Minor projects or disturbances
Limited isolations & short duration
Glove bags, mini-enclosures, & tents
Class IV
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Clean up of ACM debris, dust, etc.*
Sealed bags for dust & debris
Basic Housekeeping & janitorial!
Generally, OSHA classes simply range
from a sealed area stripping, reduced
emissions from bulk removals, minor scale
operations, and clean-ups.
3. Other OSHA Standards
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29CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection
1926.450 Scaffolds
1926.500 Fall Protection
1926.1053 Ladders
PPE – gloves, helmets, feet, clothing
Confined spaces
C. DEC
• Disposal & transport jurisdiction
• Construction debris for unpackaged nonfriables and
• Special handling /packaging for friables
(RACM’s), e.g. no surveys;
• Title 6 Part 360 Solid Waste Management
Facilities, 364 Waste Transporter Permits
D Labor
• Legislative intent - Labor Law Article 30,
Section 900
• Contractor licenses, worker certifications,
project notifications – credentials & permits
• Chapter 520 of the Laws of 1989- In-Plant
• Excessive Exposure Risks due to improper
asbestos projects (poor Life Cycle)
Labor Guidelines
• Public protection from fibre releases due to bad
contractors
• Labor Law Article 30 asbestos project:
• Removal, encapsulation, enclosure, or disturbance
of friable asbestos or handling any ACM which
may cause fiber release
• 12NYCRR Part 56, Industrial Code Rule 56
(notifications, surveys, work practices);
Labor (cont.)
• Any visible ACM (dust, debris, etc.) is a
project
• Removal of all ACM’s before renovations
& demolitions
• NPE’s for all indoor projects except InPlant Operations (OSHA coverage)
Labor (cont.)
• Package (bags) all non-friable and friable
ACM’s unless outdoors
III. General Project Life Cycle
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Idea of abatement expands project concept
Derived from AHERA & ICR56
Project procedures dependent upon ACM
Public protection  Monies
3 Phases- Pre-abate, abate, clear
Phase I  Pre-Abatement
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Survey
Plan
Design
Background air sampling
Phase II  Abatement
• A. Pre-abatement enclosure construction
• B. Removals & waste baggage w/ air
Monitoring & project controls
• C. Multiple cleaning sequences
Phase III  Clearance
• Extremely Clean
• Final Visual Inspection
• Final Air Clearance (indoors)
DOL Project Exemption
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Owner Occupied
Single Family House
Work Performed by Owner
Survey & Contractor required for
Demolition
IV. Statutory Credentials
• A. Asbestos Contractor Licenses
• B. Asbestos Certificates
• C. Asbestos Project Notifications
A. Asbestos Contractor License
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LL Article 30, Section 902
Title 12 Part 56-2.1  3.1, p20
Business Registration
Insurances: workers’ comp, unemployment
At least 1 Certified Supervisor
Plus Certified Workers
B. Asbestos Certifications
• LL Article 30, Section 902 & 56-2.2(b) 
3.2, p22
• USEPA Equivalent Worker Training
• Model Accreditation= state reciprocity
• Inspector- surveys
• Management Planner- response actions
• Project Designer- abatements
Cert’s cont.
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Supervisor- watch & control projects
Handler- all abatements
Operations & Maintenance- minors
Allied Trades- constructions or exposures
Air Monitor- pumps & cassettes
Project Monitor- watch, assess, “suggest”
C. Asbestos Project
Notifications
• Licensed contractor
• Large Project (>= 160 square or 260 linear
footage)
• Project fee ($4,000 max)
• Schedule: $200, 400, 1000, $2000
V. Project OverSight
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Survey
Air Monitoring
Project Monitor
Enforcement
A. Survey
• AHERA- required for all schools
• ICR 56- required for structures built before
1974
• Agricultural & condemned (structurally
unsound) buildings exempt
• Licensed contractor w/ certified inspector
• Locations, type, conditions, amounts, fri?
Surveys (cont.)
• Non-friable- 2 samples minimum
• Significant damage, damaged, good
• Homgenous areas- 3(<1000 sqft), 5 (10005000 sqft), 9 (>5000 sqft) for friables
• Surfacing material, TSI, Miscellaneous
• Text to CEO, NYS
B. Air Monitoring
• Licensed contractor w/ certified air
monitoring technician
• Backgrounds (Pre-abatements): inside &
outside work area
• Finals: same
• Daily: decon units, 2 in building, 1 outside,
trap exhausts for large projects
Airs (cont.)
• Minor Projects: Finals (1 in /1 out) and for
Tent/Glovebag Breaches
• Small: Backgrounds, Pre-abatements, &
Final Clearances (3 in/ 3 out)
• Large: (5 in / 5 out) plus Daily
Environmentals
Sample Analysis
• Air: Phase Contrast Microscopy (PCM) or
Transmission Electron “ (TEM)
• Bulk: Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) or
TEM
• Cost versus Specificity (TEM)!
• Backgrounds- 0.10 fibres/millelitre, 70
structures /square millimetre
C. Project Monitor
• Inspect for contractual & regulatory
compliance
• Owner’s agent limited from consultant to
prorject superintendent
• Possible duties- air & bulk sampling, site
inspections, final visual inspections
D. Enforcement
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Government inspectors or officers
DEC, DOL, DOH, OSHA, USEPA
Statutory & regulatory compliance
Possible duties- air & bulk sampling, site
inspections, final visual inspections
• Legal adjudication w/ penalties
VI. Project Abatement Basics
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Project Types
Common Work Practices
Project Size Dependencies
“Full Code” Requirements
Project Life Cycle Checks
A. Project Types
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56-1.4 (au), (bs), (aw) 2.1(w). p9
Large: 160 Square or 260 Linear Feet
Small: 10 Square or 25 Linear
Minor: less than small
To Differentiate Notification, Work
Practices, Air Monitoring
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Project Size Dependent
Full Code: General Requirements
Special Projects & In-Plant Operations
Applicable Variances (AV’s)
Project Site Specific Variances
C. Project Size Dependent
• Large: Full Code w/ Daily Air Monitoring
• Small: Full Code, Smaller Decon Unit
• Minor: Tents or GloveBags w/no air
monitoring
• Large & small require final air’s
D. “Full Code” Requirements
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Personal Decontamination Unit
Waste
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Harded Walled Openings
Plasticized Walls, Floors, Ceilings, Objects,
& Criticals
• Relative Negative Air Pressure
• Most tedious & costly
E. Project Life Cycle Checks
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Licensed & Certified **
Scope- demolition vs. renovation
Survey ** & Plan
Design or code
Notifications DOL**, occupant
Work & Air Monitoring?
Final Clearances**
VII. Common Abatement
Methods
• A. Special Project Highlights
• B. Other New Changes
• C. Special Project Descriptions
A. Special Projects Highlights
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Old AV’s included in new ICR
Tents for Non-friables and small friables
Glovebags/tents for TSI
No containments for outdoor projects
Limited relief for demos- 1 plastic layer!
“Controlled demo’s”
Wrap & Cut TSI in good shape
B. Other New Changes
• Tents for OSHA Class 2, glove bag TSI, &
small Class I projects (2 layer large) 7.11f
• GC Supervision & HazComm 1.4
• Renovation survey 5.1
• AV92- Overlays & AV107 Demos gone
• Clearance by TEM’s. 4.11
• NOB’s now In-Plant Operations w/o airs
Related Information
• Owner must clean up disturbances! 1.5
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hire air & project monitors. 4.3
• 1 & 2 Family owners are exempt from 9.1d
project monitor inspections (if outdoors?).
• Some outdoor projects are exempt from
final air clearances (visual inspections).
9.2e
• Manometers 7.8(a)(4) for NPE’s
C. Special Projects: 56-11
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In-Plant- NOB’s?
Emergencies & Minor Clean-ups
Minor’s- glovebags or tents?
Pre-Demolition relief
Controlled Demo’s like AV106
Special Projects (cont.)
6. External NOB’s: roofs, windows, siding,
7. Non-friable flooring & mastic- like AV120,
8. TSI Wrap & Cut
Changes to In-Plant
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NOB’s only
Galbestos & transite deleted
See Sub Section 6 for exterior projects
Air monitoring may not be required
outdoors
2. Emergencies & Minor Cleanups
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For ACM debris & disturbances
Incidental disturbance notification
Tents & decon unit required
Final visual inspections & airs required
VIII. Variances
• A. Applicable Variances – added to ICR
• B. Site Specific Variances – by petition
• C. AV Archive – method progressions
A. Applicable Variances
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Routine Relief Cases from Full Code
Limited or No Project Enclosures
Relief from Sheeting/ Cleaning Sequence
Include: Outdoor Work, Special Methods
Remote Decontamination Units
Window Critical Barriers
AV’s General
• Buffer Areas
• Or Administrative Procedure Relief
• Some Outdated and Replaced earlier: AV83
(Roof), AV91 (GloveBags), AV93
(Certification), AV97 (Decons for In-Plant),
AV100 (Demo)
• Fix oversights, mistakes, etc.
New AV’s
• AV A-1: Controlled Demolition of
Municipally- Owned Vacant Residential
Buildings/Structures Up to 3 Stories in
Height – similar to AV107, survey, no
friables, final airs
• AV A-2: Negative Air Ventilation Exhaust
Greater than 25 Foot in Length! – 14 inch
ducts or booster fans
New AV’s (cont.)
• AV A-3: VAT Mastic Removal using
Chemical Methods … Low Speed Buffers –
4 foot plastic splash guard (1 layer)
• AV-A-4: Removal or Cleanup of Intact …
VAT  minor size (10 sq.ft.), manual
methods, decon area, final visual
inspection
B. Site Specific Variance
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LL Article 2, Section 30
Hardship with Full Code Compliance
Alternate Work Proposal w/ Application
For Equivalent Public Protection
(e.g. Exotic: Outdoors, Demolition,
Complex, Series of Partial Removals)
• Practical Difficulties!
C. AV Archive
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Evolution of ICR 56
2 Series of outdated procedures
First set in late 80’s
Second set around late 90’s?
Incorporated in latest code revision &
special projects
• Help to craft site specific variances
IX. Enforcement•
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Routine Notification Inspections
LL Art.2, Sect.25: Power to Enter & Inspect
LL Art.2, Sect.26: Exam. of Books & Papers
LL Art.2, Sect.31: Duty to Furnish Information
and Facilitate Inspections
• LL Art.2, Sect.32: Interference with Officer or
Employee of Dept. Prohibited
IX. Enforcement (cont.)
• LL Art.30, Sect.907: Complaints &
Investigations- jurisdiction
• NOV’s- resulting violations
• Art.30, Sect.908: Injunctions –stop work
• Sect. 909: Civil Penalties & RevocationHearings & Fines- administrative
• Compliance Conferences- negotiate
IX. Enforcement (cont.)
• Administrative- w/o hearing $1500 each for
for license or certification, 2nd offense
$2500 each, may now be higher?
• Civil Hearing- all other NOV’s, up to $5000
per or 25% of contract, up to $25000 per or
50% of contract 2nd time, whichever is
higher
X. Web Pages
• http://www.labor.state.ny.us or
http://www.labor.ny.gov
• Worker Protection/DOSH
• Possible Links: WorkPlace Safety, then
• L&C, ACB, ESU, or ICR’s
Other Web Pages
• http://www.epa.gov
- NARS, ACTS, NESHAP, AHERA
• National Asbestos Registry/ Asbestos
Contractor Tracking System
• National Ombudsman to order books from
USEPA
• http://www.osha.gov
More Web Pages
• http://www.dec.ny.gov  Permits &
Licenses, Solid & Hazardous Waste
Management Permits in Permits section
• http://www.nyhealth.gov or
• http://health.state.ny.us  Health & safety
in home, Work place or outdoors then
Health & safety indoors then Asbestos
XI. Conclusion
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Talk Summary
Project Check List
Rationalization
Final Visual Inspections
Key Considerations
Common Recommendations
Related Information
A. Talk Summary
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I. Asbestos Background
II. Regulatory Jurisdictions
III. General Project Life Cycle
IV. Statutory Credentials
V. Project Oversight
VI. Project Abatement Basics
Talk Summary (cont.)
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VII. Common Abatement Methods
VIII. Variances
IX. Enforcement
X. Web Pages
XI. Conclusion
B. Project Check List
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License & Certification
Employee, Occupant, & State Notifications
Surveys or ACM Identified
Final Visual Inspection
Final Air Clearance- 0.1f/cc, 70 structures/
sq.mm
• Written Contractor Release?
C. Rationalization
• Various Health Considerations
• Work Practices & Air Sampling to Abate
Risk
• Outreach & Awareness, then Enforcement,
& Compliance if necessary!
D. Final Visual Inspection
• ASTM (American Society for Testing &
Materials) Standard E1368 –
• Practice for Visual Inspection of Asbestos
Abatement Projects
• By both supervisor & consultant!
• Except single & two family (no project
monitor)!?
E. Key Basic Considerations
• Renovation Notifications to USEPA except
for residential
• No visible emissions w/ housekeeping
• Containerization of ACM
• Proper landfill disposal of friables
• Additional rules for schools (AHERA)
F. Common Recommendations
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Controlled demos if possible
Or site specific w/ friable’s survey
Not full survey w/ selective abatement
Possible problems w/ transite, windows, &
joint compound may become friable
G. Related Information
• Owner must clean up disturbances! 1.5
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hire air & project monitors. 4.3
• 1 & 2 Family owners are exempt from 9.1d
project monitor inspections (if outdoors?).
• Some outdoor projects are exempt from
final air clearances (visual inspections).
9.2e
• Manometers 7.8(a)(4) for NPE’s
Common Abatement Types
• External non-friable removals (roofs, siding,
windows, etc.)
• Controlled demolition
• Tent & glovebag
• Wrap & cut TSI lines
• NPE’s- full or modified (e.g. flooring)
• Incidental disturbance clean up
XII. Proposed ICR56 Revisions
• Timeframe – was Summer 2012
• Fire & Life Safety Issues – many are
firefighter death related
• Other Noteworthy Revisions – corrections
of “old technical problems”
• Anticipated Proposed AV’s to Special
Projects SubPart
Fire & Life Safety Issues
• Required Means of Egress – maintained &
marked, e.g. halls, stairs, signs
• Fire Protection Systems – maintained , e.g.
alarms, standpipes, sprinkers, detectors
• Structural elements not compromised, e.g.
load bearing
• Pre-demolition building standpipes to work
Fire & Life Safety Issues cont.2
• Fire Ratings maintained, repaired, restored,
or replaced for non-demolitions
• Pre-fire Plans given to CEO & Fire Chief
• CEO Approvals & Permits to be kept on
site and submitted to Fire Chief
• Negative Air ShutOff Switch for projects >
15000 sqft floor area
Fire & Life Safety Issues cont.3
• Fire Retardant (or non-combustible)
Sheathing for decons & isolation barriers,
3/8 inch thickness min.
• Isolation Barrier Framing the same
• Alternate Work Area Exits, Emergency
Lighting, Fire Extinguishers (2-A or 40B:C) required
• Notification Information about CEO review
Other Noteworthy Revisions
• Variances require CEO certifications
• Transmittal of Project Certificate of
Completion (removed ACM’s, signed
statement, certification) for work areas
• Work Area Decks, Decons, Tunnels, &
Scaffolding
• Personal Hygiene Sections
Other Noteworthy Revisions
cont. 2
• Revised Demolition Definition – to all
building system components
• Minimum Air Sample Volume of 1200 L
• Clearance – barriers & pre-sample agitation
• Required On-Site Documents
• Cleanup Projects
Anticipated Proposed AV’s
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To be cited in Section 56-11.3
Mechanical Fastening thru Non-friables
Small & Minor Disturbance Clean-Ups
Buried Non-friable Piping
Commercial Reusable Tents (Minor’s)
Major CEO Points
• Always Licensed Contractors & Certified
People
• Survey or ID Friable & Non-friable ACM’s
• Notifications - Building, DOL, EPA
• Clearance & Visual Inspection
• Written Assurance of Removal Performed
for Work Area & Associated ACM’s
Contact
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NYS Dept. of Labor
DOSH-ACB, Room 202
450 S. Salina St.
Syracuse 13202
(315) 479-3215
www.labor.state.ny.us, labor.ny.gov, or
alternativemodelingsolution.com