2012 METS
Taipei, Taiwan
YuJung Chang, PhD
張育榮
西雅圖，美國
HDR Engineering, Inc
Senior Vice President
Innovative Green Building Design & Technologies
for Modernized City Development
November 12, 2012
Outline
 Technologies and approaches for sustainable city development
and facility design
• Planning
• On-site renewable energy
• Energy efficient
• Public transportation
• Water efficient
• Construction
• Construction material
 Ultimate energy efficient facility design
 Waste – Energy conversion
 Integration of renewable energy into public facility design
 Summary
Planning
TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES FOR
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND
FACILITY DESIGN
Goal Management
 Certification for Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design (LEED)
• Certified
• Silver
• Gold
• Platinum
 Carbon Neutral
 Energy Net Zero
Sustainable Return on Investment (SROI)
 Triple Bottom Line
• Environmental
• Social
• Economic
 From Economic Principles to
Quantifiable Parameters
 Evidence based data assessment for
transparent alternative analysis
Dubai Biotechnology and Research Park, Dubai, UAE
 Region's first dedicated modern laboratory
compound
 Largest laboratory facility in the Middle East
 Elements of the natural environment—fire,
water, earth and air—were the basis for
selecting forms and materials for the building
 First research facility in the region to earn LEED
Silver certification
 Designed to achieve water savings of 1.5 million
gal/yr
 27% energy savings compared to ASHRAE 90
Site Selection & Development
 Avoid environmental sensitive areas
 LEED Platinum
 Brownfield development
 Uses 50% less energy and 65% less
 Maximize the use of public
transportation systems
Banner Bank Building, Boise, Idaho, USA
potable water than a conventionally
constructed building of similar size
 Incorporates hundreds of sustainable
design features, which added no
additional costs nor increased the
time needed for construction
Additional Sustainable Features: Construction IAQ
Management Plan, Construction Waste Management,
Design Charrette, Daylighting & Views, Occupant
Lighting Control, Occupant Thermal Control, Geothermal
Energy, Local/Regional Materials, Low-Emitting
Materials, Recycled-content Materials, Innovative
Wastewater Technologies, Stormwater Management,
Water Efficient Landscaping
Energy Efficient
TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES FOR
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND
FACILITY DESIGN
Sustainable Energy Strategies
 Energy Management Plan
 Alternative Energy
 Daylighting & Views
• Atrium, skylights
 Cool Roof
Alexandria Police Headquarters, Virginia, US
LEED Gold
 Occupant Lighting & Thermal Control
• Localized temperature settings
Centennial Research Facility
Madison, Wisconsin, US
Water Efficient
TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES FOR
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND
FACILITY DESIGN
Technologies for Efficient Water Resource Management
Indoor
 Potable water management
• Efficient faucets
• waterless urinals
• low-flow toilets
 Wastewater management
• On-site water reuse with advanced technologies
Arzanah Medical Complex
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
LEED Gold
Technologies for Efficient Water Resource Management
Outdoor (Stormwater)
 Storm water management
• Underground or above-ground storm water
system can be used for rainwater harvesting
for irrigation
• Retention pond
• Bioswales (landscaped wetland) with
pedestrian path, bridge, and boardwalk
Denton County Admin. Complex
Texas, USA
Technologies for Efficient Water Resource Management
Outdoor (Stormwater)
 Greenroof
 Water efficient landscaping
• Tolerate extensive heat and draught
 Erosion control
Metro Health Hospital in Wyoming
Michigan, USA
 Sedimentation control
Cleveland Clinic in Abu Dhabi, UAE
Construction
Material
TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES FOR
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND
FACILITY DESIGN
Sustainable Building Material
 Improve energy efficiency
 Preserve natural environment
• Reuse existing construction material
• Recycle-content material
• FSC-Certified wood
 Minimize impact to local community
• Local/Regional Material
 Minimize impact to indoor air quality
• Low-emitting materials
• Low/no VOC paint, adhesive, sealant
• Formaldehyde-free wood panels
McKinney Green Building
McKinney, Texas, US
• 45% Local/Regional material
• 11% recycled content material
Sustainable Building Material
 Minimize impact to indoor air quality
• Low-emitting materials
• Low/no VOC paint, adhesive, sealant
• Formaldehyde-free wood panels
Centennial Research Facility
Madison, Wisconsin, US
• Low VOC-content paint and
adhesives
• High recycled content material
• 20% of regional material
• 75% of non-hazardous
construction debris was recycled
On-site
Renewable
Energy
TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES FOR
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND
FACILITY DESIGN
Onsite Renewable Energy
 Geothermal
 Photovoltaic
 Wind Power
Banner Bank Building, Boise, Idaho, USA
Geothermal for Heating Source
McKinney Green Building, McKinney, Texas, US
 LEED Platinum
 62% energy reduction
• energy-efficient building envelope
• use of sunshade devices
• underfloor air distribution system
• efficient fenestration and high insulation
• Occupancy & daylight sensors
• maximum daylight filtration and views to the
outdoors
 Rooftop photovoltaic system supplies
10% percent of the electric demand
Additional Sustainable Features: Bike
Racks, Certified Wood, Local Materials
(45%), Low-Emitting Materials,
Recycled-content Materials (11%),
Stormwater Management, Water
Efficient Landscaping, Water Use
Reduction, Innovative Wastewater
Technologies,
Abrera Water Treatment Plant, Barcelona, Spain
 Impaired water supply
 World’s largest Electron Dialysis Reversal Plant:
4m3/sec (91.3 MGD)
 3.6 megawatt solar farm (photovoltaic)
Public
Transportation
TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES FOR
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND
FACILITY DESIGN
Integration with Energy – Efficient Transportation
 Integration with public transportation systems
Federal Building
Chicago, Illinois, USA
Banner Bank Building
Boise, Idaho, USA
Integration with Energy – Efficient Transportation
 Easily accessible, highly secured, affordable multi-deck bike racks
Midway Airport, Chicago, IL, USA
Construction
TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES FOR
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND
FACILITY DESIGN
Sustainable Approach for Construction
 Proper handling & disposal of waste from
the demolition and construction
 Establish & execute the Construction
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan
Santa Clara County Crime Laboratory
San Jose, California, USA
LEED Gold
Carbon Neutral
Energy Net-Zero
ULTIMATE ENERGY EFFICIENT FACILITY
DESIGN
Carbon Neutral Energy Solutions Laboratory
 Carbon Neutral
 Net Zero Energy
 High energy efficiency
 Day lighting & views
 Occupant Lighting Control
 Occupant Thermal Control
 Renewable energy on-site
• Photovoltaic
• Geothermal
Carbon Neutral Energy Solutions Laboratory
Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Power Cogeneration
Waste to Energy
Advanced W-to-E
WASTE TO ENERGY CONVERSION
Power Cogeneration
 Convert municipal wastewater to digester gas
as fuel with advanced technologies
 Power a 335 kW cogeneration system
• digester gas treatment system
• 335 kW reciprocating engine-generator
• heat recovery systems
• two hot water boilers
 This new cogeneration facility is a critical
component to new admin building and its
ability to achieve LEED status due to heating
and energy from a renewable resource
Budd Inlet Wastewater Treatment Plant
Olympia, Washington, USA
Waste to Energy Conversion
 Municipal solid waste disposal crises in Oahu
 2,000 tons/day of municipal waste sold to local
power company
 Convert waste to energy—enough to support
45,000 homes
 Waste is combusted in furnaces using refuse
derived waste (RDF) technology at > 980 oC
 Reduce the original waste to 10% as residual ash
 Upgraded pollution control systems ensure both
particulates and NOx to meet or exceed all state
and federal emission standards.
Waste-to-Energy Facility
Oahu, Hawaii, USA
Advanced Waste to Energy Conversion
The Onion Story - Oxnard, California, USA
 Gill Onion, the largest onion processor in US
 Generates > 100,000 kg/day of onion peels
 Reduce waste volume by 75% with 2-stage grinding
• 20 tons/day of onion cake  cattle feed
• 30,000 gal/day of onion juice (> 60,000 mg/L COD)
 Digested in a high-rate upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
reactor to produce 100 cfm of methane-rich biogas
 Power two 300 kilowatt fuel cells that generated 0.6
MW of energy to supply >80% of the facility
 Ground breaking achievement won prestigious Grand
Conceptor Award in 2010 from the American Council of
Engineering Companies
Landfill
Desalination Plant
Energy Storage
INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
INTO PUBLIC FACILITY DESIGN
Solar Energy Cover for Landfill
 Landfills occupy massive open area indefinitely
 The installation costs of an exposed geomembrane
closure are substantially less than a traditional closure
 Long-term maintenance costs can be replaced with a
positive revenue stream
 Avoid thousands of tons of greenhouse gases that would
be emitted from the mowing and soil replacement
activities needed for long-term care of a conventional
grass-covered cap
 Rainwater can be harvested without the need for
sedimentation and cleaning.
Hickory Ridge Landfill
Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Tessman Road Landfill
San Antonio, Texas, USA
Hickory Ridge Landfill Solar Energy Cover
 The 48-acre at capacity landfill was transformed
into the largest solar energy generating facility in
the world, represents a milestone for landfill final
closure
 The solar energy cover uses >7,000 solar panels to
generate more than 1 megawatt of clean,
renewable electricity for the local community.
Awards
 2012 - Grand Award, Engineering Excellence Awards, ACEC GA
 2012 - Honor Award, Engineering Excellence Awards, ACEC
 2012 - Honor Award, American Academy of Environmental
Engineers
Wind-Powered Seawater Desalination Plant in Australia
 Seawater desalination has become the primary water
source for many costal countries.
 Some desalination plants in UAE, Australia, Spain,
and Scotland include wind power in the plants’
energy portfolio
 Several desalination plants in Australia built
dedicated wind farms along the coastline as part of
the projects in exchange for power credits
 Desalination Plants in Sydney and Perth could obtain
enough wind energy credit to cover the entire facility
operation.
Perth, Australia
Energy Pumped Storage, Ludington, Michigan US
 20 Billion gal/day of water is consumed in US
 Delivering water from the water treatment plants to
the end users consume tremendous amount of energy
 “Energy Pumped Storage”: Treating water during offpeak hours; pump water to an elevated storage
facility; then use gravity to re-introduce clean water
back to the distribution system when it is needed
 The city of Ludington by Lake Michigan hosts one of
the world's largest pumped storage facilities.
• 1,000 acres, in operation since 1973.
• The 1,872-megawatt plant utilizes 6 vertical Francis-type pump
units
Summary
 With technology advancements in sustainable design, the concept of “been
green” has evolved from a social/political preferred ideology to an
environmentally responsible cost saving feature
 Numerous examples given in this paper clearly suggest that there are
opportunities presented in all the phases of building any facility or public
infrastructure to conserve and protect natural resources while substantial
financial and social benefits can be realized at the same time
 Being resource efficient and environmentally responsible should not just be
a “guideline”, but rather become the core principle for every Civil Engineer
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