 Big Geography—global nature of WORLD History
 Out of Africa to Eurasia, Australia, Americas
 http://www.dnalc.org/view/15892-Human-migrations-
map-interactive-2D-animation.html
 When?
 http://www.bradshawfoundation.
http://stryder.com/staid/migration_of_anatomically_
modern_humans_bldg_blog_2008.jpgcom/journey/
A. Use of fire (first used 750,000 years ago) in new ways
1.
2.
3.
Aid in hunting and gathering—slash and burn
agriculture
Protect against predators
Adapt to colder environments
B. Developed a wider range of tools adapted to different
environments from tropics to tundra
Europe—new tools--bow and arrow, spear thrower (as
depicted in Lascaux; needles and multilayered
clothing
Australia—use of boats
C. Economic structure—Small kinship groups who made
what was needed
 “The Original Affluent Society “
 Relatively Egalitarian
 How do we know?
 Modern hunter/gatherer societies
 Why?
 No surpluses
 Women’s role was vital to survival
 some groups exchanged PEOPLE, IDEAS, and






GOODS
Patterns of 200 miles
Spread of Venus Figurines
Spread of religious ideas—Dreamtime in Australia
Spread of Clovis point technology
Austronesians migrated to Madagascar
Similar cyclical views of time
 Most famous Lascaux
 http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/06/gobekli-
tepe/musi-photography
 Evidence that hunter-gatherers interacted for religion
 a. It was the period when mankind settled all
regions of the earth except Australia and the
Americas.
 b. It was a period when mankind adapted to live in
every environmental niche from the frigid arctic,
to rainforests, to mountains, to deserts.
 c. It was a period of slow technological
development.
 d. It encompassed well over 90 percent of the time
that human beings have inhabited the earth.
 A
 a. their continued reliance on a gatherer-hunter lifestyle
meant that the settlement communities remained roughly
the same size as before they settled down.
 b. they maintained the same egalitarian social
organizations that they possessed before they settled
down.
 c. they were able to accumulate and store more goods.
 d. they no longer needed a clearly defined leader to direct
their yearly migratory movements.
 C
 a. typically have less leisure time than members of
agricultural or industrial societies.
 b. have been referred to as “the original affluent
society” not because they had so much but
because they wanted or needed so little.
 c. typically have longer life spans than members of
agricultural or industrial societies.
 d. do not intentionally or unintentionally alter
their environments.
 B
 a. Egalitarian social structure
 b. Relations between genders
 c. Gathering and hunting lifestyle
 d. Variety of lifestyles that one could partake in
 a. A more precise chronological sequence for the
spread of mankind across the planet
 b. A better understanding of their religious beliefs
 c. If more hunter-gatherer societies existed today
 d. A better understanding of the origins of our species