HUMAN BLOOD
R.B.C
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Red blood cells contain a
special protein called
hemoglobin, which
contains iron and carries
the oxygen to the body
Hemoglobin also makes
red blood cells red.
We have so many red cells
that our blood itself appears
red, even though it contains
more than red blood cells.
Inheritance of
Blood Types
Discovery of Blood Typing
Dr. Karl Landsteiner
• First to discover blood types
(1900)
• Observed blood transfusions:
the transfer of blood from one
to another.
• Noticed that the blood of the
donor would clump/clot with that
of the patient (Agglutination)
The Four Classic Blood Types
____
A
____
B
____
AB
____
O
The difference in blood types is caused by different
proteins found of the surface of the red blood cells
known as Antigen A and Antigen B.
The Four Classic Blood Types
Antigen
_________:substance
that can trigger the production of
antibodies.
Antibodies
_____________:proteins
produced by the immune system
that destroy foreign substances (such as antigens).
Blood Types
Blood
Types:
Antigen(s) on
RBC
Antibodies
produced
Can donate
blood to:
Can receive
blood from:
A
Antigen A
Anti B
B
Antigen B
Anti A
AB
Antigens A&B
NONE
AB
ALL
O
Neither
Anti A&B
ALL
O
Genotypes:
A
AB A O
IAIA IAi
B
AB B O
IBIB IBi
IAIB
ii
Rh Factor in Blood
•The Rh factor is another protein factor on the Red
Blood Cells
•The term Rh comes from the type of monkeys used
to test for this factor originally, Rhesus Monkeys
Rh Factor Statistics
•85% of people have Rh present on their red blood
cells. Their blood is referred to as _____
Rh+ and they can
receive ___________
+ and - blood.
•15% of people DO NOT have Rh present on their red
blood cells. Their blood is referred to as ______
Rh- and
only they can receive ____________.
O•Universal blood donor (used by all)_____.
•Universal blood recipient (can receive all types)____.
AB+
Rh Factor and Pregnancy
Rh (-) Mother X
1st Rh (+) Baby
Rh(+) Father
2nd Rh (+) Baby
Rh Factor and Pregnancy
World Map of the A Allele
World Map of the B Allele
World Map of the O Allele Blood Type