Unit 4-LATE ANTIQUITY
STYLES, IMPORTANT WORKS, AND DATES (all dates CE)
EARLY CHRISTIAN
100-526
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
Old St Peter’s, basilica plan
Santa Costanza, central plan
Mosaics, Santa Costanza and Santa Maria Maggiore
Mausoleum of Galla Placida, Christ as Good Shepherd mosaic
Miracle of the loaves and fishes, mosaic
Vienna Genesis, Rebecca and Eliezer at the well
BYZANTIUM: FIRST GOLDEN AGE
527-726
Justinian as World Conqueror
Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, Turkey
532-37
San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy
547
Justinian and Attendants / & Theodora mosaics
Barberini Ivory (Justinian as world conqueror)
Transfiguration of Jesus, apse mosaic (Sant’Apollinare in Classe)
Virgin and Child icon (between St. Theodore and St. George)
MIDDLE BYZANTINE ART
843-1204
St Mark’s, Venice, buildings and mosaics (Interior)
Harbaville Triptych (Christ enthroned with saints)
The Pantocrator, with the Virgin, Angels, and Saints (Monreale, Sicily)
ICONOCLASTIC CONTROVERSY
David Composing the Psalms (Paris Psalter)
726-843
LATE BYZANTINE ART
1204-1453
Rublyev, The Old Testament Trinity Prefiguring the Incarnation
VOCABULARY: codex, diptych, triptych, icon, parchment, psalter, vellum, chalice,
Gospels, synagogue, Torah, mosaic, Pantocrator,
Architecture: ambulatory, apse, atrium, axial plan, , catacomb, cathedral, Loculi,
cubicula, central plan, clerestory, coffer, basilica plan, Tau cross plan, Greek
cross plan, Latin cross plan, nave, narthex, pendentive, squinch, transept,
triforium
People: Christ, Virgin Mary, Constantine, Charlemagne, St John the
Baptist, Justinian, Evangelists: Sts Matthew, Mark, Luke and John
Christian Iconography to know: Pantocrator (Christ as Judge); Resurrection
(Anastasis); Ascension; Last Judgment
IMPORTANT DATES AND EVENTS:
313
Edict of Milan
325
Christianity recognized as religion by Rome
331
Constantine moves capitol to Byzantium/Constantinople
395
Division of empire into East and West
410
Sack of Rome
476
End of Roman Empire in West
800
Charlemagne’s coronation as Holy Roman Emperor
1453
End of Byzantine/Roman Empire in East;
Fall of Constantinople to the Turks
LITERATURE:
The Latin Vulgate, translated by St Jerome
FUN STUDY:
National Geographic, “Byzantine Empire,” December 1983
Video: Byzantium, PBS special
ISLAMIC ART
Dome of the Rock (Jerusalem)
Great Mosque of Damascus (Syria),
706-715
Malwiya minaret of the Great Mosque(Samarra, Iraq)
848-852
Mosque at Cordoba, Spain,
Muqarnas dome, Hall of the Abencerrages, Palace of Lions, Alhambra
Ka’aba, Great Mosque at Mecca
Sinan the Great. Selimiye Mosque (Edirne; ancient Adrianople)
Shah Mosque at Isfahan (Iran)
1612-1637
Taj Mahal (Agra, India),
1632-1654
Aqa Mirak (?). Laila and Majnun at School
1524-1525
Abd allah Musawwir. The Meeting of the Theologians
1540-49
Vocabulary: Allah, arabesque, Calligraphy, Horseshoe arch, Koran, Madksourah,
Mecca, Minrab, Minaret, Mosque, Qiblah, Voussoirs, Sunna, Muhammad, Muqarnas,
tessellation
EARLY MEDIEVAL ART
EARLY MEDIEVAL: Migration
Carolingian
Ottonian
c. 375-800
c. 750-900
c. 900-1002
Warrior Lords- Anglo Saxon
375-800
Purse cover Sutton Hoo Ship Treasury
Animal-head post from the Oseberg ship burial,
Christian Art:
Hiberno-Saxon (celtic)
Lindisfarne Gospel, Matthew, carpet page
Book of Kells
Stone crosses
825
600-800
Carolingian
c. 750-900
Charlemagne equestrian statue
Coronation Gospels, Matthew
Ebbo Gospels, Mathew
Cover of the Psalter of Charles the Bald (St. Denis, France)
Palatine Chapel, Aachen
Torhalle (Lorsch, Germany), ninth century
Ottonian
c. 900-1002
St. Michael, Hildesheim, Germany (exterior plan)
Adam and Eve Reproached by the Lord, from the bronze doors of St.
Michael’s
Gero Crucifix, Cologne
The Annunciation to the Shepherds, from the Lectionary of Henry II,
Gospels of Otto III
Vocabulary: Animal style, cloisonné, repoussé, reliquary (relics),
Architecture: bay, westwork, monastery, cloister, crypt, narthex,
chancel, gallery, choir, transept
People: Charlemagne, Holy Roman Empire, Bishop Bernward
Fun Study from this period:
King Arthur legend – Movies: Camelot, Excalibur
Robin Hood legend – numerous movies/TV series
Documentary – Day the Universe Changed, Part II