Name _______________________________________________________ Date ________________
Chapter 7
Student Version
Chapter 7 Objectives:
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Explain the basic operation of dynamic routing protocols.
Compare and contrast dynamic and static routing.
Determine which networks are available during an initial network discovery phase.
Define the different categories of routing protocols.
Describe the process by which distance vector routing protocols learn about other networks.
Identify the types of distance-vector routing protocols.
Configure the RIP routing protocol.
Configure the RIPng routing protocol.
Explain the process by which link-state routing protocols learn about other networks.
Describe the information sent in a link-state update.
Describe advantages and disadvantages of using link-state routing protocols.
Identify protocols that use the link-state routing process. (OSPF, IS-IS)
Determine the route source, administrative distance, and metric for a given route.
Explain the concept of a parent/child relationship in a dynamically built routing table.
Compare the IPv4 classless route lookup process and the IPv6 lookup process.
Analyze a routing table to determine which route will be used to forward a packet.
Required Materials:
Reading Organizer
Packet Tracer Activities:
Labs:
7.1.3.6 - Investigating Convergence
7.2.2.4 - Comparing RIP and EIGRP Path Selection
7.3.1.8 - Configuring RIPv2
7.3.2.3 - Configuring RIPng
7.0.1.2 - How Much Does This Cost
7.3.2.4 - Configuring Basic RIPv2 and RIPng
7.6.1.1 Class Activity - IPv6 - Details, Details...
Chapter Test
Name__________________________________________________________ Date ________________
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Chapter 7
Reading Organizer
Student Version
Note: the Reading Organizer has weighted scoring. Any question with the word explain or define in it is
expected to have a longer answer and is worth two points each.
After completion of this chapter, you should be able to:
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Explain the advantages and disadvantages of static routing.
Explain the purpose of different types of static routes.
Configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes by specifying a next-hop address.
Configure an IPv4 and IPv6 default routes.
Explain the use of legacy classful addressing in network implementation.
Explain the purpose of CIDR in replacing classful addressing.
Design and implement a hierarchical addressing scheme.
Configure an IPv4 and IPv6 summary network address to reduce the number of routing table
updates.
Configure a floating static route to provide a backup connection.
Explain how a router processes packets when a static route is configured.
Troubleshoot common static and default route configuration issues.
7.1 Dynamic Routing Protocols
1. What was one of the first routing protocols used?
2. To address the needs of larger networks, two advanced routing protocols were developed. These
are:
a.
b.
3. Cisco developed two protocols which also scale well in larger network implementations. These are:
a.
b.
4. What protocol was developed to connect different internetworks and provide routing between
them, and connect ISPs and their larger private clients to exchange routing information?
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5. What are routing protocols are used to facilitate?
6. The purpose of dynamic routing protocols includes:
a.
b.
c.
d.
7. List and explain the main components of dynamic routing protocols.
a. ________________________________________ –
b. ________________________________________ –
c. ________________________________________ –
8. What is a primary benefit of dynamic routing protocols?
9. Will a network with moderate levels of complexity have static routing, dynamic routing, or both configured?
10. In the area of data structure, EIGRP creates and maintains what information?
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a.
b.
c.
11. In the area of routing protocol messages, what does EIGRP use?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
12. What algorithm does EIGRP use to identify the best route to a network?
13. Explain the primary uses static routing has.
a.
b.
c.
14. What are the disadvantages of using static routing?
a.
b.
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c.
15. What are the advantages of using dynamic routing protocols?
a.
b.
c.
16. What are the disadvantages of using dynamic routing protocols?
a.
b.
c.
d.
17. Mark the appropriate classification next to each routing type description.
18. In general, describe the operations of a dynamic routing protocol.
1.
2.
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3.
4.
19. After a router is first booted it learns about any directly connected networks. If a routing protocol
is configured, what is the next step is for the router?
20. Distance vector routing protocols typically implement a routing loop prevention technique known
as split horizon. Explain.
21. What does it mean when a network is converged?
22. Define convergence time.
23. Routing protocols can be classified into three different groups according to their characteristics. List
and explain each category.
a. ________________________________________ –
b. ________________________________________ –
C. ________________________________________ –
24. Based on the curriculum, classify the following IPv4 routing protocols.
a. RIPv2 –
b. EIGRP –
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c. OSPF –
d. BGP –
25. What is an autonomous system (AS)?
26. The Internet is based on the AS concept; therefore, two types of routing protocols are required:.
List and explain both.
a. ________________________________________ –
b. ________________________________________ –
27. Define the following terms.
a. Distance –
b. Vector –
28. What are four distance vector IPv4 interior gateway protocols?
a.
b.
c.
d.
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29. How is a router configured with a link-state routing protocol different from a router configures with
a distance vector protocol?
30. Explain where Link-state protocols work best.
a.
b.
c.
31. List two link-state IPv4 IGPs.
a.
b.
32. Explain the biggest distinction between classful and classless routing protocols.
33. Classful routing protocols create problems in discontiguous networks. Explain what a
discontiguous network is.
34. Classless IPv4 routing protocols all include the subnet mask information with the network address
in routing updates. They also support VLSM and CIDR. List these IPv4 protocols.
a.
b.
c.
d.
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35. Why are all IPv6 routing protocols are considered classless?
36. What characteristics can routing protocols can be compared on?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
37. Based on the curriculum fill in the blanks comparing the routing protocols.
38. What is the purpose of a routing metric?
7.2 Distance Vector Dynamic Routing
38. How often does RIP send out routing updates?
39. Identify the routing protocol description that best matches the distance vector routing protocol
description.
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40. What are the key characteristics of RIPv1?
a.
b.
c.
41. List and explain the improvements introduced in RIPv2.
a. ________________________________________ –
b. ________________________________________ –
c. ________________________________________ –
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d. ________________________________________ –
42. In 1997, the IPv6 enabled version of RIP was released. RIPng is based on RIPv2. What is Its hop
count and administrative distance?
a. Hop Count _______________
b. Administrative distance _________________
43. List the design characteristics the Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) was developed with.
a.
b.
c.
d.
44. How often are IGRP routing updates broadcast by default?
45. List the differences introduced in EIGRP.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
7.3 RIP and RIPng Routing
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46. What command is used to set up RIP on a router?
47. What command is used to enable RIP routing for the 192.168.1.0 network?
48. What does the show ip protocols command display?
49. What does the show ip route command display?
50. If a router is running RIPv1 and it receives a RIPv2 message, how does it interpret the RIPv2
message.
51. What command is required after the router rip command is issued to force a router to run RIPv2?
52. What happens on a router running RIPv2 if automatic summarization is disabled?
53. Sending out unneeded updates on a LAN impacts the network in what ways?
a.
b.
c.
54. What router configuration command can be used to prevent the transmission of routing updates
through a router interface, but still allow that network to be advertised to other routers?
55. Which routing protocols support the passive-interface command?
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56. To enable an IPv6 router to forward IPv6 packets, what command must be configured?
57. Unlike RIPv2, RIPng is enabled on an ___________________ and not in router configuration mode.
58. The show ipv6 protocols command does not provide the same amount of information as its IPv4
counterpart. What does it confirm?
a.
b.
59. What does the show ipv6 route command display?
7.4 Link-State Dynamic Routing
60. Link-state routing protocols are also known as _______________________________ protocols.
61. What are the two IPv4 link-state routing protocols?
a.
b.
62. The shortest path between two routers is not necessarily the path with the least number of hops.
What does this mean?
63. All routers in a topology will complete the same generic link-state routing process to reach a state
of convergence. Explain each step.
1.
2.
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3.
4.
5.
64. Routers with link-state routing protocols use a Hello protocol to discover any neighbors on its links.
What is a neighbor?
65. What happens if a router stops receiving Hello packets from a neighbor?
66. LSPs do not need to be sent periodically. When do LSPs needs to be sent?
a.
b.
67. List the advantages of link-state routing protocols compared to distance vector routing protocols.
a.
b.
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c.
d.
68. List the disadvantages link-state protocols have compared to distance vector routing protocols?
a.
b.
c.
69. Modern link-state routing protocols are designed to minimize the effects on:
a.
b.
c.
7.5 The Routing Table
70. What information do automatically configured routing table entries contain?
a.
b.
c.
71. Explain what each of the following routing table codes indicate.
S–
D–
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O–
R–
72. Define the following terms:
a. Route source –
b. Destination network –
c. Administrative distance –
d. Metric –
e. Next hop –
f. Route timestamp –
g. Outgoing interface –
73. Identify the sections of the routing table entry.
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74. What is an ultimate route?
75. What are three examples of ultimate routes?
a.
b.
c.
76. A level 1 route is a route with a subnet mask equal to or less than the classful mask of the network
address. List and explain three types of level 1 routes.
a. ________________________________________ –
b. ________________________________________ –
c. ________________________________________ –
77. The source of the level 1 route can be a:
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a.
b.
c.
78. A level 1 parent route is a level 1 network route that is subnetted. A parent route can never be an
__________________________ route.
79. A level 2 child route is a route that is a subnet of a _________________ network address.
80. Using the routing table locate the networks listed in the chart. Determine whether the networks
are classified as Level 1, Level 1 Parent, or Level 2 Child routes.
81. The best match is the route in the routing table that has the most number of far left matching bits
with the destination IPv4 address of the packet. What is the route with the greatest number of
equivalent far left bits, or the longest match?
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82. IPv6 is classless by design, all routes are effectively _________________________________ routes.
There is no level 1 parent of level 2 child routes.
83. List and explain what information directly connected route entries display in a show IPv6 routing
a. ________________________________________ –
b. ________________________________________ –
c. ________________________________________ –
d. ________________________________________ –
e. ________________________________________ –
84. Label the parts of an IPv6 routing table entry.
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