Read Ethel Wood packet pg. 431 (inset text)
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Explain the term ‘White Man’s Burden’. What does it mean?
How was the White Man’s Burden true? How was it false?
What are some positive impacts of the Scramble for Africa?
Negative Impacts? (for Africa)
Do educated, developed and wealthy nations have a
responsibility to under-developed nations? Why/Why not?
Do educated and wealthy people have a responsibility to underprivileged people? Why/Why not?
Do you agree or disagree with Social Darwinism? Explain your
answer.
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Early 18th century – declining because of weak rulers
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Abdul Hamid revokes Constitution & begins harsh rule
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Greeks won independence in 1830
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Serbia won independence in 1867
◦ Survived b/c western Europe used it as a buffer zone between
it & Russia
◦ Embraced some aspects of westernization (railroads, Euroconstitution, education)
◦ Young Turks- military officers who demanded reform, restore
1876 Constitution, removed Hamid from power in 1908
◦ Growing fear from Arabs – embrace westernization??
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Opium War
Taiping Rebellion (1850s-60s)
◦ Hong Xiuquan (brother of Jesus)
◦ Social reform, land redistribution,
liberation of women
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Self-strengthening movement
1st Sino-Japanese War (1894)
Boxer Rebellion
◦ Killed missionaries, ended
w/western intervention
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Dowager Cixi
Sun Yat-sen
◦ Western-educated, reformer, 1912
end of Qing Dynasty
• Capt. James Cook explored New Zealand and fertile eastern
Australian coast (1769-1778)
• Cook’s visit
• Australia: 650,000 hunting and gathering people (aboriginals)
• New Zealand: 250,000 Maori – livelihood hunting, fishing and simple
agriculture
• 19th century
• Australia: 93,000 aboriginals
• New Zealand: 42,000 Maori
• 1st British settlers = 736 convicts (188 women)
• 1851: Gold discovery brought free European settlers to the continent
• New Zealand missionaries & settlers originally along the coast
• By 1820’s over-hunting nearly exterminated the seal population
• Sperm Whales hunted for oil used in lamps, soap and lubrication
(over-hunted)
• Canada – developed federal system in 1788 w/predominantly French
inhabitants
• Consequences: est. parliamentary govs, commercial economies &
European cultural patterns
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Devoid of peasantry & vast frontier, stable two-party gov, religion not
political
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Manifest Destiny
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Americans moved out into the Pacific Ocean in the nineteenth
century
◦ Indian wars, Mexican War and the Civil War
◦ took control of Hawaii through threat of force (1820s-1880s signed series of
treaties for trade rights, 1890s growing US involvement)
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Monroe Doctrine (1823): European involvement in North or South
American regions would be seen as aggression
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Japan – 1853 Commodore Matthew Perry
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Spanish American War (1898)
◦ Acquired the Philippines, Cuba, Guam and Puerto Rico
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Tropical Dependencies
◦ Africa, Asia, & the South
Pacific
◦ A few Europeans ruled
many indigenous
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Settler Colonies
◦ 2 divisions
 White dominions – Canada
& Australia inhabited
mostly by Europeans &
their descendents, few
indigenous
 Moved towards selfgovernment &
parliamentary rule
 Contested settler
colonies- large Euro
population w/large native
populations (South Africa,
Algeria, New Zealand,
Hawaii)
 Clashed over control of
resources & social/cultural
differences
S – Continued population growth for
Europeans; race implies social class
 P – British Empire (largest ever); European
gov’t ideals spread;
 I – Wars for land/resources;
 C – Spread of European culture, art, language
 E – European wealth; dependent nations
suffer
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