Classification and Structure of Bones
Goals for Today
Learn about skeletal support system
Learn about the 4 bone groups
Learn about bone structure
Learn about bone markings and their functions
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Support System
Cartilage
- gel-like matrix with
fibers (EX:collagen)
- chondrocyte (Cartilage)
cells
Bone
- matrix filled with
calcium salts
- rigid = calcium salts
- flexible = collagen matrix
- osteocyte cells
Activity 3 – Heat and HCl on Bones
Heat – dries the organic matrix of the bone
What will happen?
Vinegar – removes calcium salts from bone
What will happen?
Hyaline
- sturdy support w/
some “give”
- EX: nose, trachea, ribs
Elastic
- flexible
- lots of elastin fibers
- EX: epiglottis, ear
Fibrocartilage
- resists compression
- EX: intervertebral disks
Be able to give examples
Cartilage is your Friend !!
Infant
Adult
The 4 Bone Groups
Long Bones – longer than wide.
EX: femur, humerus
Short Bones – cube-shaped.
EX: tarsals, carpals
Flat Bones – thin and flattened. EX: skull, ribs
Irregular Bones – “other bones” EX: vertebrae
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Epiphyseal Plate
(Growth)
Central Canal
w/ blood vessels,
nerves
Osteon
Lacunae w/
bone cells
Bone Markings
Vessel Passage
Muscle
Attachment
Joints
Tuberosity
Crest
Head
Condyle
Spine
Foramen
To Do List
1. Learn to categorize bones into the 4 groups
2. Examine femur cross-section. Identify the parts
3. Look at bone slide. Identify parts
4. Learn bone marking vocabulary. Identify each
marking on an actual bone
5. Look at vinegar and heat-treated bones.