Uropathy
•The consumption
and application of
one’s own urine for
medicinal or
cosmetic purposes
• ULTRAFILTRATION
• RE-ABSORPTION
SUBSTANCE
PROCESS
LOCATION
RBC
Ultrafiltration
Malpighian Corpuscle
Plasma Proteins
Ultrafiltration
Malpighian Corpuscle
Glucose
Re-Absorption
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
Water
Re-Absorption
Descending Loop of Henle, Collecting Duct
Sodium
Re-Absorption
Ascending Loop of Henle
Potassium
Re-Absorption
Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
Sodium Bicarbonate
Re-Absorption
Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
Urea
Excretion/Micturition
Collecting Duct/Urinary Tract
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
• When blood volume is low, juxtoglomerular
cells in kidney secrete the hormone renin
• Renin triggers the conversion of angiotensin
I & II
• Angiotensin is a vasoconstrictor, causing
blood pressure to rise
• Angiotensin also triggers the release of the
hormone aldosterone by the kidney, which
causes sodium retention in the distal
convoluted tubule
• Increased sodium causes the blood to retain
water, raising blood pressure
Vasopressin/Anti-Diuretic Hormone
• Hypothalamus detects decline in water
content of blood
• Anterior pituitary gland releases
vasopressin (ADH)
• Vasopressin increases water retention
in the collecting ducts of the nephron
• Vasopressin is a vasoconstrictor, causing
elevation of blood pressure
• Hormone can be turned off by alcohol or
caffeine consumption
• Blood pH must be maintained between 7.35-7.45
• Alkalosis is a blood pH > 7.45
• Acidosis is a blood pH < 7.35
• Cellular metabolism produces standing acids/H+ donors
(carbonic, phosphoric, lactic ,fatty)
• Plasma-Based Buffering Systems (bicarbonate,
phosphate, protein) help to temporarility maintain pH levels
•Kidneys assist in
regulation of pH
by excretion of
acids into filtrate
and reabsorption
of bicarbonate ions