Antibiotics/Penicillin/Ba
cterial Immunity
By Group 11 Antipenbacmunity
Brandon Lew and Kamalveer Hans
Antibiotics
General Facts
100s of antibiotics
Treat bacterial infections
Anti: Against/Biotics: Life
“Selective poison”
Beneficial but can be bad
when used in large
quantities
Destroy or inhibit bacteria
activity
Term was first used in 1942
by Selman Waksman
Formation
Made from mold, bacteria,
and fungi
Formed through
biosynthesis
Penicillin
• The 1st Antibiotic
• Discovered accidentally
from a mold culture
• It inhibited growth of
bacteria in agar plate
• 1st discovered by Ernest
Duchesne in 1896
• Rediscovered by Alexander
Fleming in 1928
• Howard Florey discovered
its ability to destroy
bacteria in 1939
Bacterial Immunity
Bacteria become to
Antibiotics in Several ways
•
Preventing from Getting
into Target (use ATP to
expel antibiotic)
•
Changing target (mutates
so antibiotic cannot bind to
it)
•
Destroying antibiotic
(produce enzymes that eat
up antibiotic)
Resistance
•
When bacteria alter in some
way that reduces or
eliminates the effectiveness
of the antibiotic
Works Cited
"Antibiotic Resistance: Questions & Answers." RxList. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://www.rxlist.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=115605>.
"Antibiotics: MedlinePlus." U.S National Library of Medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 27 Sept. 2013. Web. 17 Oct. 2013.
<http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/antibiotics.html>.
"Are Antibiotics failing Us against Deadly Bacteria? | Saint&Smith." SaintSmith. 18 Sept. 2011. Web. 17 Oct. 2013.
<http://blog.saintandsmith.com/2011/09/18/are-antibiotics-failing-us-against-deadly-bacteria/>.
"Discovery Health." Discovery Fit and Health. Web. 17 Oct. 2013 <http://health.howstuffworks.com/medicine/medication/question88.htm>.
"How Do Bacteria Become Resistant to Antibiotics?" HowStuffWorks. Web. 18 Oct. 2013.
<http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/cellular-microscopic/question561.htm>.
"How Products Are Made." How Antibiotic Is Made. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <http://www.madehow.com/Volume-4/Antibiotic.html>.
"NeatoShop." When Life Gives You Mold, Make Penicillin. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <http://www.neatoshop.com/product/When-Life-Gives-YouMold-Make-Penicillin>.
"No Antibiotics" ." Real Simple. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://www.realsimple.com/health/nutrition-diet/healthy-eating/food-labels-decoded10000001712034/page10.html>.
PaddockView, Mike. "What Is Penicillin? How Do Penicillins Work?" Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, 18 Feb. 2011. Web. 17
Oct. 2013. <http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/216798.php>.
Stephens, Everett. "Antibiotics." EMedicineHealth. Ed. William C. Shiel, Jr. Web. 17 Oct. 2013.
<http://www.emedicinehealth.com/antibiotics/article_em.htm>.
"The History of Penicillin." About.com Inventors. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <http://inventors.about.com/od/pstartinventions/a/Penicillin.htm>