Bonding Basics Part 1
Bonding Basics:

Bonding is an example of a _______________________ change

Bonding occurs when ___________________________________ are chemically joined

When 2 or more atoms bond, that is called a ______________________

A molecule that contains 2 or more ___________________________________ is called a
___________________.
Review: Bonding is all about…

_________________________________= the electrons in the outer (valence) shell of an atom

How many electrons makes the valence shell full or stable/“happy”?
o
1st shell: _____________ electrons
o
2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc. shells: ___________________ electrons
THE OCTET RULE:

Atoms ________________ or __________________ valence electrons in order to be full and
stable/happy with a full valence shell.

Atoms with less than 4 valence electrons tend to _____________________________________________.

Atoms with more than 4 valence electrons tend to _____________________________________________.
How many valence electrons does Carbon have? __________
So what will an element like Carbon do?
Reminder: Atoms will give away or steal valence electrons in order to be full & STABLE/HAPPY with a
full valence shell!

REMEMBER: When an atom gains or loses electrons it becomes a charged ___________________.
Element
Element
Atomic
Total # of
# of Valence
Symbol
Number
Electrons
Electrons
# of Electrons
Overall
Given or
Charge
Stolen
(+/-)
Chlorine
Potassium
Magnesium
Fluorine
Aluminum
Carbon
FLIP THE PAPER OVER AND TRY IT A DIFFERENT WAY!
Oxygen atom
Oxygen ion
Oxygen atom
Atomic number:
Mass number:
Protons:
Neutrons:
Electrons:
Oxygen ion
Atomic number:
Mass number:
Protons:
Neutrons:
Electrons:
Cation or Anion?
Ion symbol:
MAKE SURE YOU DRAW THE ELECTRONS ON THE SHELLS!
Sodium atom
Sodium atom
Sodium ion
Sodium ion
Atomic number:
Atomic number:
Mass number:
Mass number:
Protons:
Protons:
Neutrons:
Neutrons:
Electrons:
Electrons:
Cation or Anion?
Ion symbol:
Bonding Basics Part 2
Ionic Bonds

Covalent Bonds
Atoms will _____________ one or more

electron to another atom to form the
Atoms ___________ one or more electrons
with each other to form the bond.
bond.

Each atom is left with a ________________

outer shell.

Each atom is left with a ________________
outer shell.
An ionic bond forms between a
______________________ ion with a positive
charge and a ____________________ ion with

A covalent bond forms between two
____________________.
a negative charge.
Metallic Bonds

A metallic bond forms between __________________________________.

Valence electrons move freely in an _________________________________ between metal atoms to
form a bond between all of the metal atoms in the area.

This gives metals strength, stability and properties like conductivity & _______________________.

Metallic bonds create solutions called __________________, which are a combination of elements
that make other metallic materials like brass, bronze, pewter, steel and even
______________________!