Date: October 23, 2015
Aim #19: What functions do carbohydrates serve to
living things?
Do Now: NO Warm-Up Notebook today 
Take our the chart “Identify Organic & Inorganic
Molecules”
HW:
Happy
Birthday
Scott!!
1)Guided Reading 2-3 due Thursday 11/5
2)Worksheet (Carbohydrates) due Monday 11/2
3)Biochemistry Test- next Thursday 10/29 & Friday 10/30
4)Quarterly Exam- Thursday 11/5 & Friday 11/6
Identify the Organic & Inorganic
Molecules
H2O Inorganic
CO2 Inorganic
HCl Inorganic
CaO Inorganic
CaCO3 Inorganic
CH3OH Organic
Inorganic
NH3
KMnO4 Inorganic
Inorganic
SO3
Na2SO4 Inorganic
NaOH Inorganic
C6H12O6 Organic
C2H6 Organic
H2CO3 Organic
C2H5OH Organic
HNO3 Inorganic
Inorganic
KCl
H2SO4 Inorganic
Inorganic
HF
CH3COOHOrganic
FeO3 Inorganic
CO Inorganic
C18H36O2 Organic
C3H6 Organic
NaCl Inorganic
CuSO4 Inorganic
MnCl2 Inorganic
NO2 Inorganic
C8H18 Organic
HBr Inorganic
Aim #19: What functions
do carbohydrates serve to
living things?
1) What inorganic compounds
are essential to living things?
75% H2O
Minerals
2) What organic compounds are essential
to living things?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
3) Why is carbon the main
ingredient of organic molecules?
C
Carbon has only 4 electrons in its
valence energy level. Because this
energy level can hold 8, carbon can
form up to 4 bonds.
Brain Pop: Body Chemistry
https://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandc
hemistry/bodychemistry/
4) What is a carbohydrate?
A carbohydrate is an organic compound made up of sugar
molecules.
5) What is the chemical formula of a
carbohydrate?
The basic chemical formula is CH2O
Simple Sugars contain C, H, & O in a 1:2:1 ratio
1) How many Carbons?
6
2) How many Hydrogens?
12
3) How many Oxygens?
6
C6H12O6
6) What are monosaccharides?
The building blocks of carbohydrates.
AKA simple sugars
Glucose
Galactose
7) What are isomers?
• Molecules with the same chemical formula,
but differ in how their atoms are arranged.
Chemical Formula: C6H12O6
8) Why is glucose so important in
living things?
Glucose is the main fuel for
cellular work
What life
function does
this describe?
9) What does our body do with glucose
when we don’t need it?
Storage
Our body will incorporate glucose into larger
carbohydrates (glycogen) for later use.
10) How does our body do this?
Dehydration Synthesis
+
11) What is dehydration synthesis?
Monomers are added to
a growing chain to form
Polymers with the
removal of water
H2O
+
Glucose
Energy
Sucrose
12) What are Monomers & Polymers?
Monomers- are small, single molecular units like glucose
and fructose.
Polymers- are a chains of monomers strung together.
Polymers are produced through dehydration synthesis
13) What are micromolecules
and macromolecules?
• Micromolecules- small molecules (building
blocks, monomers)
• Macromolecules- large molecules
(polymers)
14) What is Sucrose?
Sucrose is formed from 2
monosaccharides (glucose
and fructose)
It is called a disaccharide
Double Sugar
Examples of disaccharides
•two
Disaccharide=
monosaccharide
+
sugar
one
sugar
monosaccharide
one
sugar
• Sucrose= Glucose + Fructose
• Lactose= Galactose and Glucose
• Maltose= Glucose + Glucose
15) What are Polysaccharides?
Are long chains of monosaccharide monomers
16) What are some examples of
polysaccharides?
Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose &
Chitin
Starch- is a polysaccharide found in plant cells that
consists entirely of glucose monomers
Glycogen- is a polysaccharide of glucose monomers
found in humans. Glycogen is stored as granules in our
cells and is broken down when our body needs energy
Cellulose- is a polysaccharide found in plants that help
stiffen plants to give them support.
Chitin- is a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of
fungi.
17) How do we get energy from
glycogen?
HYDROLYSIS
Energy
+
Polysaccharide
H2O
Glucose
What is the difference?
Why are Carbohydrates organic?
• Polymers
CHAINS of sugar
• Used for:
energy storage
structure
TWO
Disaccharide:
sucrose
Polysaccharide:
MANY
starch
ONE
Monosaccharide:
glucose