The Critical Period
REVIEW
Thomas Jefferson – Ch11
1
America: A
Nutcrackered Neutral
• War with GB & FR
• British Orders in Council 1806
– Shipping must stop in GB before France
– 6,000 Americans impressed
• GB fires on the Chesapeake
• US Embargo Act of 1807
– No trading to foreign countries
– Colonial Response: “That Dambargo!”
– Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 (trade yes,
GB/FR no)
That “Dambargo”
was pretty
“Damgood”
• US turned to building factories
Chapter 12
President Monroe
4
President Madison
1809-1817
• Non Intercourse Act = Macon’s Bill No. 2
– Opens all trade
– If we trade w/GB…we won’t trade w/Fr
– Vice versa
• Napoleon agrees (lies)
• GB to trade w/US or we cannot trade at all!
• Madison the idiot
Mr. Madison’s WAR
War of 1812 - Causes
• 12th Congress = “War Hawks”
• Want a GB war and expansion into Canada
• Argument: GB is supplying Indians in the
west
War of 1812
The Second War of
Independence
•
•
•
•
On to Canada to wipe out the Native American base
To protest against GB impressment
Purpose: to restore confidence in Republicanism
PROBLEM
– Leads to sectionalism
– New England shippers do not want war
– Federalists did not want agricultural Canadian lands (more
slavery?)
– US to fight Old England and New England
The Burning of the White
House
• Sir Francis Scott Key
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcKxraNQ7iY
The Hartford Convention
• The Enlightenment….AGAIN?
• The Federalists feel they are not represented in
government…they did not want war
• Meet to discuss secession….then….
• WAR IS OVER! WE WIN!
• Ooops….traitors?
• DEATH TO THE FEDS!
The End of the War
• The Treaty of Ghent….nothing much but….
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYPGYJmcRvU
• R.E.S.P.E.C.T.
• Andrew Jackson & The Battle of New Orleans
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VL7XS_8qgXM
• A phony war hero???
The Era of Good
Feelings
Chapter 12 1816-1824
11
I FEEL THE LOVE!!!
WHY ARE WE LOVING?
12
President Monroe
• The Tariff of 1816
– Depression after war….cheap European goods
– First protective tariff
• The Panic of 1819
–
–
–
–
Speculation of western land
Foreclosed farms in the west
Bank failures
unemployment
13
Western Expansion =
New States =
….conflict?
• Western Expansion SOLUTION????
– Clay’s American System (bank, tariff, roads/canals)
14
Sectionalism
Simulation
What defined each section (North, South,
West) of the United States?
Building of Roads &
Canals
• The building of roads and canals, especially in the
newly founded territories, will be according to the
following guidelines:
• The Federal Government should / should not pay for the
building of new roads and canals.
• If built, the new roads and canals shall be built
connecting:
–
–
–
–
(the north to the west) or
(the south to the west) or
(the north to the south) or
(the north and south to the west).
Sale of Western
Lands
• The territories acquired by the United States of
America shall be sold according to the following
requirements:
• Western lands shall be parceled (split) according
to the following:
– Ex. Not smaller than / Not larger than ______ acres.
• These parcels shall be sold at $______ per acre.
• The rights of squatters should/should not be
recognized.
Tariff Legislation
• All current tariff rates imposed by the
Government will be changed to meet the
following:
• Tariffs shall be increased/decreased to
_____cents for every dollar.
Bank of the United
States
• The charter of the Bank of the United States shall
be changed to meet the following:
• The Bank of the United States’ Charter
shall/shall not be renewed.
• If renewed, the Bank of the United States’
Charter shall exist for a period not exceeding
____ years.
Slavery
• The expansion of new lands in the west
will adhere to the following guidelines:
• Slavery will / will not be allowed in
newly founded territories in the west.
A Civil War???
NO! Appease the South!
• Tallmadge Amendment = fear!
• Missouri Compromise of 1820…a dirty
bargain?
21
Tally up the points!
END OF SIMULATION
22
Flexing Judicial Power
Hey John Marshall!
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
GOOD!
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
NOT SO GOOD….
• McCulloch v. Maryland
• Cohens v. Virginia
• Gibbons v. Ogden
• Fletcher v. Peck
• Dartmouth College v.
Woodard
• WE “BAD”…WE
KNOW IT!
• CHARTER
ORGANIZATIONS
ESCAPE REGULATION
23
What’s going on
in….Europe????
The Congress of Vienna
24
More Land Expansion
• Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819
• Monroe Doctrine….Fear of LA expansion?
• Russo-American Treaty of 1824
25
CHAPTER 14
SKIP TO
“BEGINNINGS OF
INDUSTRIALIZATION”
26
The Market Revolution
The Beginnings of
Industrialization
U.S. Slow To Industrialize
27
Industrial Revolution
U.S. Slow To Industrialize
•Landownership so easy, few want to
work in factories, prefer farming
•Too few workers for industrialization
28
American Factory System
Samuel Slater
Father of the Factory System
29
American Factory System
Cotton Gin
Interchangeable
Parts
Eli Whitney
The south is now “King Cotton”
30
American Factory System
Isaac
Singer
Samuel
Morse
Cyrus
McCormick
Sewing
Machine
Telegraph
Mower
Reaper
31
Industrial Workers
Women’s Work
Lowell Factory
Smaller Families
Middle Class = “Cult of
Domesticity
Massachusetts
32
The National Road
AKA Cumberland Road
33
American Factory System
Robert Fulton – Steam Boats
The Clermont
34
Patents
• 1790 – First Patent Act
• 1836 – Patent Office
35
The Erie Canal
Completed 1825
DeWitt Clinton,
Governor of New York
36
Erie Canal - Importance
37
GAME ON!
Canal Investors v. Railroad
Inventors
38
39
Stagecoaches & Pony Express
40
The Economy Breeds Sectionalism
•East Supplies Manufactured
Goods for Needs of West & South
•West Supplies Grain & Livestock
to Feed South and North
•South Supplies Cotton for Textile
Mills of the North & Export to
Europe
Henry Clay’s American System
41