Organic Chemistry – the basic
Grade level: 11
 Content area: Organic Chemistry
 Academic Content Standards: Classify

molecules based on their functional group and
know their chemical structures and properties
(with specific reference to alkanes, alkenes,
alkynes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones,
carboxylic acids, amines, esters, and ethers).
 Explanation: There are short quizzes in this
power point but also the students will be
answering questions that I ask during this
presentation.
Organic
Chemistry
Video
Benzene
Resources/
References
Mind
relaxer
Final
Alkyne
Alkyls and
prefixes
Explanation
First Quiz
Halogens
Alkane
Rules
Alkenes
Rings
Periodic
table
What is organic chemistry?
Are carbon compounds
Mainly covalent bonds
Generally nonelectrolytes
Low melting/boiling points
Usually combustible
Has many atoms
Examples are sugar, methane, and aspirin
 It
is a group that takes the place a
hydrogen atom in the parent
molecule.
 A parent molecule tells how many
carbons there are an alkyl.
Methyl
 Ethyl
 Propyl
 Butyl
 Pentyl
 Hexyl
 Heptyl
 Octyl
 Nonyl
 Decyl

C
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10



Di = 2
Tri= 3
tetra = 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Find largest continuous chain of carbon in a
molecule
Number the carbons in the main chain, so the
branched off groups have the lowest numbers
Add the numbers so that you are able to identify
the hydrogen’s position on the chain
Use prefixes to indicate the appearance of a
group more than once in the structure
Alphabetize the groups coming off
Add punctuation:
› Commas – separate the numbers
› Hyphens – separate numbers and words
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C–C–C–C–C–C–C–C
I
I
I
C C C
I
C
5-ethyl – 6,7 dimethyl octane
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C–C–C–C–C–C–C–C
I
I
I
C C C
I
C
5-ethyl – 6,7 dimethyl octane
Octane is the parent function
 Methyl has only one carbon
and since there are two sets of
methyl, you just put the prefix
di in front of the methyl. Then
you just put the numbers the in
front of your prefix.
 Ethyl has 2 carbons attached
to it.
 You use biggest number of C’s
first and then go to least
amount

Has a double bonded carbon (C C)
 Naming:
› Longest chain, must contain a double bond
› -ane changes to –ene
› Double bond gets lowest number
 Example:
1 2
3 4
2,3 dimethyl – 2 – hexene
C–C C–C
I
I
I
C C C 5
l
C 6

Has a triple bond (C C)
 Naming:

Triple bond gets lower number
Main chain must contain the
triple bond
› Change –ane to -yne
›
›

C–C
C C
I
I
C–C–C–C
I
I
C C
I
C
4-ethyl – 4,5,5- trimethyl – 2
hexyne
Single, double, or triple bonded:
a.
Alkyne:
b.
Alkane:
c.
Alkene:
Answers: a. triple, b. single, c. double
Name the chain:
C
I
C–C=C–C–C–C–C
I
I
I
C
C C
I
C
Answer: 4- ethyl 1,1,5 trimethyl 2 heptene
In the shape of how many C’s
there are
 Would still use the –ane, -ene,
or –yne depending upon how
many bonds, but would need
to add cyclo- to the front.
**Each corner represents a “C”

1
2
6
1 - cylcohexene
3
5
4
Benzene can be
represented by:
or
When they are the
main chain they are
called benzene BUT if
they are in a croup that
comes off then it is called
Phenyl




Br – bromo
Cl – Chloro
F – fluoro
I – iodio
**Is located in family 7 on the
periodic table.
1- bromo – 3 – chloro benzene
They are also natural gases
Name:
.
A C–C–C–C=C–C
I I
C Fl
I
C
B. C – C – C – C
I
C. Make this:
3 – chloro – 3, 5 diethyl – 4 Pentane
Answers:
A. 4 – fluoro - 3, 5 – di methyl – 2
hexene
B.
C.
2 – phenyl butane
Cl
I
C–C–C–C–C
I
I
C
C
I
I
C
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rZ2zpzv4IsI
 http://www.abcte.org/drupal/teach/chemistrystandards
 Book: Essentials of General, Organic, and Biological
Chemistry by: Melvin T. Armold
 Clip art for audio
 All written information was from
myself (expect the content standards
and what organic chemistry was)
 Most images were from clip art and
a few were from Google.
