FELINE
FACIAL MUSCLES
Muscles of the lips and cheeks
Muscles of the nose
Muscles of the eyelids
Muscles of the external ear
MUSCLES OF THE LIPS & CHEEKS
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
Orbicular m. of the Circular muscles
mouth
Facial nerve,
buccolabial branches
Incisive m.
Alveolar arch
Facial nerve,
buccolabial branches
-upper incisive m.
-lower incisive m.
Nasolabial levator
m.
Facial
nerve,zygomatic
branches
Forehead, lateral surface of
the nasal & maxillary bones
FUNCTION
Closes the opening
of the mouth(rima
oris)
Orbicular
m. of the
mouth
-Raises the upper
lip
-Pulls lower lip
down
Orbicular
Raises the upper lip
m. of the
& widens opening
mouth near of nostrils
the nasal
aperture
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Levator muscles
of the upper
lip(levator labii
superiolis)
Facial
nerves,buccolabi
al branches
Variably on the
maxillary
bones(Rostral to
infraorbital
foramen)
Upper lip
Raises & draws
back upper lip &
nasal plane
Canine muscle
Facial
nerves,buccolabi
al branches
Rostrally on the
facial crest & on
the facial
tuberosity
Upper lip near
the nasal
aperture
Widens external
nostrils & draws
back upper lip
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Depressor muscles
of the upper lip
Facial
nerves,buccolabial
branches
Facial tuberosity
Upper lip
Pulls upper lip down
Depressor muscles
lower lip
Facial
nerve,buccolabial
branches
Maxillary tuberosity
Lower lip
Pulls lower lip down
Levator muscles of
chin
Facial nerve &
buccolabial
branches
On the lateral
surface of the
alveolar border of
the mandible
Radiates into chin
Movement of the
chin
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Zygomatic muscles
Facial nerve
,zygomatic
branches
Zygomatic bone
Orbicular oris m. of
the mouth
Draws back the
angle of the mouth
Buccinator muscles
Facial nerve ,
buccolabial
Rostral border of
messeter muscle
Angle of the mouth
•Narrows cheek
pouch
• lateral boundary
of oral cavity
• interwoven rostrally with the obicularis
muscle fibres
Muscles of the eyelids
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
Orbicular m. of the
eye
Facial n., zygomatic
branch
Circular m. of the
eye
Levator m. of the
medial angle of the
eye
Facial n., zygomatic
branch
Nasofrontal fascia
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Closes the
palpebral fissure
Medial on the eye
lid
Elevate of the
medial part of the
eye lid
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Retractor m. of the Temporal fascia
lateral angle of the
eye
Facial n., zygomatic
branch
Lateral palpebral
angle
Retractor of the
lateral palpebral
angle
Malar m.
Facial n.,
buccolabial branch
Lower eye lid
Draws lower eye lid
downward
Facial fascia
AURICULAR MUSCLES
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
M.
Cervicoauricularis
superficialis
Dorsal median
raphe of the neck
Dorsal (convex)
surface of the
auricular cartilage
Long elevator
muscle of the ear
M. cervicoscutularis Dorsal median
raphe of the neck
Caudomedial part
of scutiform
cartilage
Elevates the ear &
tenses the
scutiform cartilage
Mm.
cervicoauricularis
Lateral border of
the auricular
cartilage
Turns the opening
(conchal fissure) of
the auricular
cartilage
caudolaterally
External sagittal
crest
M. Cervicoauricularis superficialis
M. Cervicoscutularis (3)
Mm. cervicoauricularis
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
M. occipitalis
External sagittal
crest
Superficial fascia of
the head
Draws the scutiform
cartilage
caudomedially
M. interscutularis
Transverse fibres
passing between
the 2 scutiform
cartilages
Draws the scutiform
cartilages medially
M. frontoscutularis
Rostral continuation
of the m.
interscutularis
Draws the scutiform
cartilages
rostromedially
M. Interscutularis (6)
M. frontoscutularis
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
M.
Scutuloauricularis
superfacialis
Scutiform cartilage
Rostral border of the Turns the auricular
auricular cartilage
cartilage so that its
opening (conchal
fissure) faces
rostromedially, erects
the ear
M.
parotidoauricularis
Parotid fascia and
superfacial fascia of
the cranial neck
Ventrolateral at the Draws the ear down,
base of the auricular lays the ear ‘back’
cartilage
M.
mandibuloauriculari
s
Caudal margin of the Ventral at the base
ramus of the
of the auricular
mendible ventral to cartilage
the condyle
M. Scutuloauricularis superfacialis & M.
parotidoauricularis
MANDIBULAR MUSCLES
Muscles of mastication
Superficial m. of the mandibular space
Muscles of mastication
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Masseter m.
Masseteric n.of the
mandibular n.
Facial crest &
zygomatic arch
Lateral surface of
the mandible &
intermandubular
region
Raises & draws
mandible sidewards
Lateral pterygoid
m.
Branch to lateral
pterygoid from the
mandibular n.
Pterygoid process
of the sphenoid
bone
Medial surface of
the mandible & the
condylar process
Raises, pushes &
draws forward the
mandible
Medial pterygoid
m.
Branch to medial
pterygoid from the
mandibular n.
Pterygoid process
of the sphenoid,
pterygoid bone &
the perpendicular
plate
Medial surface of
the mandible
Raises mandible
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Temporal m.
Deep temporal n.
from the
mandibular n.
Temporal fossa
Coronoid process of Raises mandible in
the mandible
order to close the
mouth
Superficial m. of the mandibular space
NAME INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Digastric m.
Rostral part:Nerve to
mylohyoid from the
mandibular n.
Caudal part:Digastric
branch from the
facial n.
Paracondylar
process
Medial of the body
on the mandible
Draws mandible
downwards, opens
the mouth
Occipitomandibular Paracondylar
portion
process
Digastric branch from
the facial n.
Angle of the
mandible
Opens the mouth
Mylohyoid m.
Branch to mylohyoid
from the mandibular
n.
Median raphe
Supports & lifts the
tongue
Mylohyoid line
MUSCLES OF THE UPPER BACK,
SHOULDER, & BACK OF NECK
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
ACTION
LATISSIMUS DORSI
A superficial
,flat,triangular
muscle extending
from the middorsal
line to the medial
surface of the
humerus; a portion
of this muscle is
covered dorsally by
a smaller triangular
muscle, the
spinotrapezius
Neural spines of
fourth thoracic to
sixth lumbar
vertebrae and
lumbodorsal fascia
Medial surface of
humerus
Retracts humerus
dorsally and
posterior
Spinotapezius
A triangular
superficisial muscle
overlying the
latissimus dorsi in
the middle dorsal
region
Spinous processes
of thoracic
vertebrae and
spines of cervical
vertebrae
Fascia of scapula
Draws scapula
medially and
posteriorly toward
the tail
Acromiotrapezius
A flat superficial
muscles covering
the scapula
Spinous process of
axis to third
thoracic vertebrae
Metacromion
process and spine
of scapula
Draws scapula
medially
Name of
innervation
origin
insertion
function
Clavotrapezius
A flat superficial
muscle on the
dorsal surface of
the neck
Superficial nuchal
line and median
dorsal line of neck
clavicle
Draws clavicle
dorsally and
anteriorly
Levator scapulae
ventralis
A longitudinal band
of muscle on the
side of the neck :
between the
clavortrapezius and
acromitrapezius
Transverse occipital
bone and process
of atlas
Metacromion
process of scapula
spine
Draws scapula
cranially
Supraspinatus
A thick muscle
occupying the
supraspinous fossa
of the scapula : lies
deep to the
acromiotrapezius
Supraspinous fossa
of scapula
Greater tubercle of
humerus
Draws humerus
cranially
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Infraspinatus
A muscle occupying
the infraspinous fossa
of the scapula : lies
deep to
acromiotrapezius
Infraspinous of
scapula
Greater tubercle of
humerus
Rotates humerus laterally
Clavodeltoid
A superficial muscle of
the shoulder :
continoues with the
clavotrapezius at its
proximal end : extend
into the arm
Clavotrapezius and
clavicle
Proximal end of ulna
Flexes forearms
Acromiodeltoid
A muscle posterior to
the clavodeltoid : its
distal portion lies
under the clavodeltoid
Acromion process of
scapula
Deltoid ridge of
humerus
Raises and rotates
humerus with
spinoldeltoid
NAME INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Spinodeltoid
A band of m. posterior
to the acromiodeltoid
& levator scapulae
ventralis
Scapular spine
Deltoid ridge of
humerus
Raises & rotates
humerus
Medial border of
scapula
Draws the scapula
medially toward the
vertebral column
Rhomboideus
Cervical spines to
A narrow, elongated
midthoracic spines
m. located beneath
the clavo- &
acromiotrapezius;
seperated into 2 parts,
capitis(cranial portion)
& caudalis(caudal
portion)
MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL
WALL
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
External oblique
Lumbodorsal fascia
A superficial sheet
& posterior ribs
of m. forming the
outermost m. of the
abdominal wall
Linea alba by way of Consticts abdomen
aponeurosis
Internal oblique
A sheeetlike m.
immediately
beneath the
external oblique; its
m. fibers run in a
diff. direction from
those of external
oblique
Aponeurosis to linea Compresses
alba
abdomen
Lumbodorsal fascia
& border of pelvic
girdle
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Transversus
Similar to internal
abdominis
oblique
Sheet of m. beneath
the fleshy portion of
the internal oblique;
fibers run in a
transverse direction
Similar to internal
oblique
Compresses
abdomen
Rectus abdominis
Anterior portion of
A superficial
pubic symphysis
longitudinal band of
m. lying
immediately lateral
to the midventral
line of abdomen
Sternum & costal
cartilages
Retracts ribs &
sternum &
compresses
abdomen
MUSCLES OF THE UPPER ARM
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Epitrochlearis
A flat superficial m.
on the medial side
of humerus
Lateral surface of
latissimus dorsi
Olecranon process
of ulna
Extends forearm
Biceps brachii
A m. lying on the
ventromedial
surface of the
humerus; it can be
more easily seen by
transecting &
reflecting the
pectoralis muscles
near the humerus;
has medial & lateral
heads
Glenoid fossa of
scapula
Radius
Flexes forearm
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Triceps brachii
longus
A muscle covering
the posterior
surface of the
humerus
Axillary border of
scapula
Olecranon process
of ulna
Extends forearm
Triceps brachii
lateralis
A band of m.
covering the lateral
surface of the
humerus
Greater tuberosity
of humerus
Olecranon process
of ulna
Extends forearm
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Triceps brachii
medialis
A m. lying deep to
the triceps brachii
lateralis (transect
the triceps lateralis
to see the triceps
medialis)
Shaft of humerus
Olecranon process
of ulna
Extends forearm
Ulna
Flexes forearm
Brachialis
Lateral surface of
A m. lying along the humerus
outer lateral surface
of the humerus; it
can be exposed by
transecting &
reflecting the
lateral head of the
triceps
MUSCLE OF FOREARM, LATERAL
SURFACE
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Brachiaoradialis
The most superior
ribbonlike muscle
of the forearm
group
Middle of the
humerus of dorsal
surface
Distal end of radius
Supinator of hand
Extensor carpi
radialis
Narrow band of
muscle that lies
superior to the
extensor digitorum
communis ; has 2
heads-short and
long
Middle of humerus
Attachment by
Extends hand
means of tendon to
second and third
metacarpals
16. triceps brachii (long head)
17. triceps brachii (lateral head)
18. triceps brachii (medial head)
19. brachialis
20. epitrochlearis
21. brachioradialis
22. externsor carpi radialis longus
23. extensor carpi radialis brevis
24. extensor digitorum communis
22. externsor carpi radialis longus
23. extensor carpi radialis brevis
24. extensor digitorum communis
25. extensor digitorum lateralis
26. extensor carpi ulnaris
27. radial nerve
28. extensor digitorum communis tendons
29. extensor digitorum lateralis tendons
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Extensor digitorum
communis
A thin muscle that
lies superior to the
extensor digitorum
lateralis
Latyeral surface of
humerus
Attachment by
means of tendons
to third and fourth
digits
Extends third and
fourth digits
Extensor digitorum
lateralis
A long wedgeshaped muscle that
lies superior to the
extensor carpi
ulnaris
Lateral surface of
humerus
Attachment by
means of tendons
to third to fourth
digits
Extends third and
fourth
16. triceps brachii (long head)
17. triceps brachii (lateral head)
18. triceps brachii (medial head)
19. brachialis
20. epitrochlearis
21. brachioradialis
22. externsor carpi radialis longus
23. extensor carpi radialis brevis
24. extensor digitorum communis
22. externsor carpi radialis longus
23. extensor carpi radialis brevis
24. extensor digitorum communis
25. extensor digitorum lateralis
26. extensor carpi ulnaris
27. radial nerve
28. extensor digitorum communis tendons
29. extensor digitorum lateralis tendons
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Extensor carpi
ulnaris
A long muscle that
form the most
inferior portion of
the lateral forearm
Semilunar notch
and lateral
epicondyle of
humerus
Proximal portion of
fifth metacarpal
Extend fifth digit
and ulna side of
wrist
16. triceps brachii (long head)
17. triceps brachii (lateral head)
18. triceps brachii (medial head)
19. brachialis
20. epitrochlearis
21. brachioradialis
22. externsor carpi radialis longus
23. extensor carpi radialis brevis
24. extensor digitorum communis
22. externsor carpi radialis longus
23. extensor carpi radialis brevis
24. extensor digitorum communis
25. extensor digitorum lateralis
26. extensor carpi ulnaris
27. radial nerve
28. extensor digitorum communis tendons
29. extensor digitorum lateralis tendons
MUSCLE OF FOREARM, MEDIAL
SURFACE
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Protonator teres
Medial epicondyle
A short wedgeof humerus
shaped muscle that
lies above the flexor
Carpi radialis
Medial surface of
radius
Pronates hand
(rotates radius)
Flexor carpi radialis Medial epicondyle
Large narrow
of humerus
muscle that lies
above the palmaris
longus
Second and thiord
metacarpals
Flexes second and
third metacarpals
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Palmaris longus
Largest of the
medial forearm
group: lies above
the flexor carpi
ulnaris
Medial epicondyle
of humerus
Attachment by
means of tendons
to all digits
Flexes digits
Flexor carpi ulnaris
A large band of
muscle that covers
the medial surface
of the ulna
To heads-medial
epicondyle of
humerus and
olecranon process
Pisiform bone of
wrist
Flexes digits
MUSCLE OF THE THIGH, DORSAL ASPECT
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Tensor fasciae latae
Illium and facia
A triangular muscle on
the lateral side of the
hip medial to the tough
white fascias(fascia
lata) covering the
anterior portion of the
thigh
Fascia lata
Thighens fascia lata,
extends thigh
Biceps fimoris
A large thick muscle
covering the lateral
surface of the thigh,
caudal to the tensor
fascia latae: one of the
hamstring muscles
Patella to shaft the
tibia
Abducts thigh and
flexes shank
Tuberosity of
ischium
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Caudofemoralis
Tranverse processes Patella
A small muscle
of second and third
cranial to the dorsal caudal vertebrae
potion of the biceps
femors
Abducts thigh,
extend shank
Gluteus maximus
A small muscle
cranial to the
caudofemoralis
Abducts thigh
Fascia nad
transverse
processes of last
sacral and first
caudal vertebrae
Pascia lata and
slightly on greater
trochanter
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Gluteus medius
A thick muscle
dorsal to the tensor
fasciae latae
Crest and lateral
surface of illium
Greater trochanter
Abducts thigh
MUSCLE OF THE THIGH, VENTRAL
ASPECT
NAME OF
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Sartorius
A flat superficial
band of muscle
covering the lateral
ventral portion of
the thigh
Crest and ventral
border of illium
Proximal end of
tibia
Adducts and
rotates thigh,
extend shank
Aponeorosis to
tibia
Adducts and
retracts leg
Gracilis
Pubic symphysis
A flat superficial
and ischium
band of muscle
covering the medial
ventral portion of
the thigh
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Vastus lateralis
Greater trochanter
This large m. can be & shaft of femur
seen better from
the dorsal aspect; it
is covered by the
fascia lata of the
tensor fasciae latae
m.
Patella & patellar
ligament
Extends shank
Rectus femoris
An elongated m.
bordered laterally
by the vastus
lateralis & medially
by the vastus
medialis
Patella & patellar
ligament
Extends shank
Ilium anterior to
acetabulum
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Vastus intermedius Shaft of femur
A flat m. deep to the
rectus femoris
Patella & patellar
ligament
Extends shank
Vastus medialis
A band of m. on the
medial portion of
the thigh, deep to
the sartorius
Femur
Patella
Extends shank
Adductor longus
A narrow m. band
lying lateral to the
adductor femoris
Pubis
Femur
Adducts thigh
NAME INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Adductor femoris
A m. deep to the
gracilis, proximal to
the trunk of the cat
Inferior rami of
pubis & ischium
Shaft of femur
Adducts thigh
Semimembranosus
A large thick m. deep
to the gracilis, caudal
to the adductor
femoris; one of the
hamstring m.
Ischium
Medial epicondyle
of femur
Extends thigh
Semitendinosus
A stout band of m.
caudal to the
semimembranosus;
more easily seen from
the ventral surface; 1
of the hamstring m.
Ischial tuberosity
Proximal end of
tibia
Flexes shank
MUSCLES OF THE LOWER LEG
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Tibialis anterior
A thin m. lying
along the lateral
border of the tibia
Proximal portion of
tibia
First metatarsal
Flexes foot
Flexor digitorum
longus
An elongated m.
running medial to
the tibialis anterior
Posterior surface of
tibial shaft below
popliteal line
Distal phalanx of
toes
Flexes & inverts
foot
Extensor digitorum
longus
A flat spindle
shaped m. lying
ventrolateral to the
tibialis anterior m.
Tibia & fibula
All 4 digits
Extends phalanges
NAME
INNERVATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Peroneus(fibularis) Head of
Metatarsals and
longus
fibula,lateral condyle digit
A slender cylinder
of tibia
shape muscles
located on the
lateral surface of the
leg
Extends foot and
flexes phalenges
Gastrocnemius
A large muscle
lateral to the tibia
Caudal aspect of
femur proximal to
the condyles(two
sesamoid bones
included)
Tendon of Achilles
on calceneus tuber
Flexes knee,extends
foot
Soleus
•a flattened muscle
lying deep to the
gastrocnemius
• insignificant in
other animals
Lateral portion of
fibula
Tendon of Achilles
on calcaneus tuber
Plantar flexes foot
Lower Leg (Lateral)
1.
Tibialis Anterior
7.
Gastrocnemius
2.
Extensor Digitorm Longus
8.
Biceps Femoris
3.
Peroneus Longus
9.
Semitendinosus
4.
Peroneus Brevis
10.
Semimembranosus
5.
Peroneus Tertius
11.
Adductor Femoris
6.
Soleus
12.
Vastus Lateralis
Lower Leg (Medial)
1.
Gastrocnemius
2.
Plantaris
3.
Soleus
4.
Flexor Digitorum Longus
5.
Tibia (Bone)
6.
Tibialis Anterior
7.
Calcaneus Tendon (Achilles Tendon)