Chapter Seven – Deviance Part One
Essential Questions
What is deviant behavior?
When is deviance considered a crime?
How are crimes classified?
How does the criminal justice system deal with crime?
1. Why did the young man interviewed in the beginning join a gang?
2. Why was it hard to stay neutral?
3. Define gang.
4. Define clique. What is the idea of “bodies of power”?
Define:
Deviant Belief systems -
Behaviorial deviance:
Goth Gangs -
Inadvertent deviance:
Deviance
Deviant Conditions
Explain: Deviance is relative
Obese:
AIDS:
Explain: Degree of seriousness
Define:
Internal Social Control:
Social Control
Negative Sanctions:
External Social Control:
Criminal Justice System:
Functionalist Perspective on Deviance
A certain amount of deviance
contributes to a smooth functioning
of society
How does deviance clarify rules?
Functionalist
Perpsective of
Deviance
How does deviance unite a group?
How does deviance promote social
change?
Strain Theory: Goals and Means to Achieve Them
People feel strain when they are exposed to cultural goals that they are unable to obtain because they
do not have access to culturally approved means of achieving these goals.
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Merton identified five ways in which people adapt to cultural goals: Conformity, innovation,
ritualism, retreatism, rebellion.
On a separate piece of paper, create your own graphic organizer or picture that illustrates each of
Merton’s five adaptations above. Please try to include upper and middle class examples as well
Is cheating on your exams in high school or college an example of deviance?
Opportunity Theory: Define illegitimate opportunity structures-
Criminal gang
Conflict Gangs
Retreatist gangs
• devoted to
theft and
extortion
• What do they
get?
• seek to
acquite a rep
• fight over turf
• unable to gain
access
through
legitimate
means
• unwilling to
do so through
illegal means
• Drugs are
stressed
Gangs are a microcosm of American society, a mirror image in which
power, possession, rank and role…are found within a subcultural life of
poverty and crime
How are the activities of gangs similar to cliques – please use examples
from the book and explain below.
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives on Deviancethis theory focuses on social processes such as
how people develop a self concept and learn
conforming behavior through socialization.
According to this approach, deviance is learned
through conformity or interaction with others
Differential association
Differential reinforcement
Rational choice
Control theory
Labeling theory
How did McCall and Shell Shock
learn about B & E's?
Define:
differential
association
Learned techniques, values,
attitudes, motives, rationalizations
When is criminal activity more
likely to occur?
Why is an individual more likely to
be involved in deviant behavior if
his peers believe it is "right" explain
Define:
Differential
reinforcement
theory
Describe the example of the
trophy case girl who became a
member of the wall for a day
What is your opinion on the high
school example?
When people are faced with several
courses of action, they will usually do
why they believe is likely to have the best
outcome
Definition:
Rational Choice theory
What are the situational factors the
influence one's choice to engage in
criminal behavior?
How does this theory explain why high
risk youths do not engage in delinquent
acts?
Inner containments -
Define:
outer containments -
Social Bonding
Theory
Hirschi - probability of deviant
behavior increases when a person's
ties to society are weakened
attachment
commitment
belief
deviance is a socially
constructed process in which
social control agencies label
people as deviant
Primary Deviance
labeling theory
Secondary deviance
Conflict Perspectives
Deviance and Power –
Deviance and Capitalism –
Race, Class and Gender –
tertiary deviance
Postmodern Perspectives
Panoptician -