Naming
Chemical
Compounds and
Writing
Chemical
Formulas

w/e 1/30 Warm-ups
1/26 – 1/29 Fat Man Little Boy – Questions and Notes
1/30
1/30
112
113
Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds
Notes
Compounds Quiz
114
115

 Ionic Compounds – contain a metal and a nonmetal (example: sodium chloride (salt) – sodium is a metal /chlorine is a nonmetal)
 Covalent – contains only nonmetals (example: hydrogen peroxide – hydrogen is a nonmetal / oxygen is a nonmetal)

 Electrons in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons in their valence shell
 Chemical bonds form between 2 atoms when electrons in the outer shell of each atom form a stable arrangement together
 Any atom or group of atoms that carry an electric charge is called an ion

 When a neutral atoms gives up an electron, the positively charged ion is called a CATION
 All alkali metals (Group 1) form cations very easily
 They require little energy to remove that valence electron

 Non-metals gain electrons to obtain a noble gas arrangement – ANIONS
 Halogens (group 17) must gain an electron to do so
 Halogens gain an electron easily and release a great deal of energy – therefore, they too are very reactive
 Chemical reactivity decreases as you move down the group

 Substances that are composed of anions and cations are called IONIC COMPOUNDS
 Ionic Bond – the attraction between oppositely charged ions
 Bond between a metal and a non-metal
 Covalent Bond – atoms that share a pair of electrons
 Bond between 2 or more non-metals

EXAMPLE : Al
2
O
3
1. The subscript for this compound indicates that there are two atoms of aluminum and three atoms of oxygen. These numbers do NOT affect the name.
2. The first part of the name would be aluminum
(the metal).
3. The second part of the name, we drop the ending on oxygen (non-metal) and add – ide, thus it becomes oxide
Ionic Compound Name – aluminum oxide

 The first part of the name is the name of the metal element.
 The second part of the name is the name of the nonmetal element with the ending changed to the suffix – ide

 NaCl
 KF
 MgF
2
 CsCl
 BaCl
2
 NaI
 Mg
3
N

NaCl Sodium Chloride
KF
MgF
2
CsCl
BaCl
2
NaI
Potassium Fluoride
Magnesium Fluoride
Cesium Chloride
Barium Chloride
Sodium Iodide
Magnesium Nitride
Mg
3
N

Sodium chloride
Metal Non-metal
Na Cl
-
-
Identify the chemicals as either a metal, transitional metal or non-metal
Write out the chemical symbols of each

metal non-metal
+ 1
Na Cl
- 1
NaCl
- 1
+ 1
Identify the metal and non-metal i.) Write the symbols ii.) Write the charges iii.) Cross-over the charges from top to bottom iv.) Remove the charge v.) Simplify the numbers and remove the 1’s

Opposites Attract
+1
-1
*REMEMBER, that metals lose electrons and nonmetals gain electrons

metal non-metal
+ 2
Ca O
- 2
- 2
+ 2
Identify the metal and non-metal
CaO i.) Write the symbols ii.) Write the charges iii.) Cross-over the charges from top to bottom iv.) Remove the charge v.) Simplify the numbers and remove the 1’s

Opposites Attract
+2
-2
*REMEMBER, that metals lose electrons and nonmetals gain electrons

metal non-metal
+ 2
Mg Cl
- 1
- 1
+ 2
Identify the metal and non-metal
MgCl
2 i.) Write the symbols ii.) Write the charges iii.) Cross-over the charges from top to bottom iv.) Remove the charge v.) Simplify the numbers and remove the 1’s

-1
+2
-1
MgCl
2

metal non-metal
+ 2
Ca P
- 3
- 3
Ca
3
P
2
+ 2 Identify the metal and non-metal i.) Write the symbols ii.) Write the charges iii.) Cross-over the charges from top to bottom iv.) Remove the charge v.) Simplify the numbers and remove the 1’s

Beryllium fluoride
Sodium nitride
Calcium sulfide
Aluminum chloride
Lithium phosphide
BeF
2
Na
3
N
Barium bromide
Gallium sulfide
CaS
Zinc bromide
Cesium phosphide
AlCl
3
Li
3
P
Germanium oxide
BaBr
2
Ga
2
S
3
ZnBr
2
Cs
3
P
GeO
2

 If the compound has more than 2 elements
(polyatomic), the second name is one of the following:
NO
2
NO
3
OH
PO
4
CO
3
SO
4 nitrite nitrate hydroxide phosphate carbonate sulfate
Oxidation #
1-
1-
1-
3-
2-
2-

 Sodium Nitrate
 Sodium Hydroxide
 Sodium Phosphate
 Calcium Carbonate

Naming Compounds that use a COVALENT BOND to join two atoms together (nonmetal and
nonmetal)
 BINARY Molecular Formulas – Binary molecules will only have TWO elements in their formula.
 The names of the compounds will include a prefix to indicate the number of atoms of each element.

CORRECTION ABOVE! – The number one is MONO!
Have you seen any of these prefixes before? The prefixes are very similar to the prefixes of geometric shapes. You know what a triangle is. Right? Well the prefix tri- means three. So when you have three chlorine (Cl) atoms, you would name it trichloride.

 Just like when you are naming an ionic compound the second elements name is changed to end in -ide.
 EXCEPTION - An exception to using prefixes is when the first element has only one atom. The prefix (mono) is not used in this instance.
 Example: CO
2
- Carbon Dioxide

Naming Practice – Binary Covalent
Compounds Naming Practice
 CCl
4
 S
4
N
2
 CO
 CO
3
 OF
2

 CCl
4
Carbon tetrachloride
 S
4
N
2
Tetrasulfur dinitride
 CO
Carbon monoxide
 CO
3
Carbon trioxide
 OF
2
Oxygen difluoride