Phrases
7th Grade
Chapter 14
Prepositional Phrases:
Adjective and Adverb
Phrases
Pages 404-409
What is a Phrase?
A phrase is a group of related words that is
used as a single part of speech and that
does not contain both a verb and its
subject.
What is a clause?
A clause is a group of related words that is
used as a single part of speech and that
does contain both a verb and its subject.
Let’s see, are these
phrases or clauses?
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As soon as the bell rings
Around the beautiful, fragrant garden
That I really want
Any student can join
Thinking about tonight’s game
To run the marathon
Swimming the length of the pool
Let’s Try Some More!
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when you know
as they walked in
in the garden
is sleeping
how she remembered
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smiling brightly
to the supermarket
where the car is
to laugh at myself
if he says so
What is a Prepositional Phrase?
A prepositional phrase includes a
preposition, a noun, or a pronoun called
the object of the preposition, and any
modifiers of that object.
There are 2 kinds of prepositional phrases:
adjective phrases and adverb phrases
Prepositional Phrase Examples
The Seine River flows through Paris.
The car in front of us slide into an icy snowbank.
During the stormy night, the black horse ran off.
The dish is filled with raw carrots and celery.
What is an Adjective Phrase?
A prepositional phrase used as an adjective
is called an adjective phrase.
ADJECTIVE: Rosa chose the blue one.
ADJECTIVE PHRASE: Rosa chose the one
with blue stripes.
Adjective Phrases
An adjective phrase
modifies a noun or a
pronoun.
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Adjective phrases
generally come after the
words they modify and
answer the same
questions that singlework adjectives answer:
What kind? Which one?
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How
many?
How much?
Adjective Phrases
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The store with the neon sign is open.
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We bought a CD by Janet Jackson.
What is an Adverb Phrase?
A prepositional phrase used as an adverb is
called an adverb phrase.
ADVERB: The cavalry will reach the fort
soon.
ADVERB PHRASE: The cavalry will reach the
fort by noon.
Adverb Phrases
Adverb phrases answer the same questions
that single-word adverbs answer:
When?
Where?
How?
How
often?
How
long?
To what
extent?
Why?
Adverb Phrases
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We got our new puppy at the animal shelter.
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A puppy is always ready for a game.
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He barks loudly for a puppy.
Verbals
&
Verbal Phrases
Pages 412-418
What is a Verbal?
A verbal is a word that is formed from a
verb but is used as a noun, an adjective,
or an adverb.
What is a Participle?
A participle is a verb that can be used as an adjective.
There are present participles (-ing) and past participles
(-d or –ed).
PRESENT
Mr. Sanchez rescued three
people from the burning
building.
PAST
Well trained, the soldier
successfully carried out her mission.
What is a Participial Phrase?
A participial phrase consists of a participle
together with its modifiers and
complements. The entire phrase is used as
an adjective.
Participial Phrase Examples
Stretching slowly, the cat jumped down
from the windowsill.
The tornado predicted by the
meteorologist did not hit our area.
Reading the assignment, she took notes
carefully.
Misplaced Modifiers
A participial phrase should be placed close to the
word it modifies. Otherwise, the phrase may appear
to modify another word, and the sentence may not
make sense.
MISPLACED
Hopping along the fence, I saw a
rabbit.
CORRECTED
I saw a rabbit hopping along the
fence.
BEWARE!
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There are some past participles that DO
NOT end in –d or –ed. These are irregular
past participles.
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Examples – driven, frozen, broken, swept,
caught, rung, hung
The car driven by Uncle Cletus belonged to
Aunt Petunia.
 We skated on the frozen pond.
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The Infinitive
An infinitive is a verb form that can be used as a
noun, an adjective, or an adverb. Most infinitives
begin with to.
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
To succeed is my goal.
The place to meet tomorrow is
the library.
Tamara claims she was born to
surf.
The Infinitive Phrase
An infinitive phrase consists of an infinitive
together with its modifiers and
complements. The entire phrase may be
used as a noun, an adjective, or an
adverb.
Infinitive Phrase Examples
To be a good gymnast takes hard work.
The first person to fly over both the
North Pole and the South Pole was
Richard Byrd.
Are you ready to go to the gym now?
BEWARE!
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Don’t mistake an infinitive or infinitive
phrase for a prepositional phrase starting
with to
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The boy next to the purpled-haired girl went
to the stage for his award. Prepositional Phrase
The purple-haired girl had to move her feet
so he could get around her. Infinitive Phrase
Just so you know…
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Sometimes an adverb will come before the
infinitive in the phrase. This adverb is part
of the infinitive phrase.
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The child was told not to leave the
playground area alone.
The employee who stole merchandise was
ordered never to step foot in the store
again.